One of the most important factors contributing to the increasing diversity of family trajectories is the growing prevalence of unmarried cohabitation and extramarital births. Using data from the ‘Social and Economic Conditions of Motherhood’ survey (SEPM) from 2006, this paper explores the factors influencing the probability that an unmarried mother will marry after childbirth. The findings show that for one ‑third of unmarried mothers in the Czech Republic unmarried parenthood is the first phase in the family life ‑course leading to marriage rather than long term family arrangement. Unmarried mothers living in unmarried cohabitation, women with higher education, and women who have postponed marriage due to pregnancy have a higher probability of making the transition to marriage. The analysis does not confirm that the uncertainty of the relationship and a partner’s negative attitudes towards marriage at the time of childbirth have negative effects on the transition to marriage after childbirth., Jana Chaloupková., 3 tabulky, 2 grafy, Poznámky na str. 39 (2), Biografická poznámka o autorce článku na str. 39, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Resumé o klíčová slova anglicky na str. 30
This article presents a method for computer-assisted text analysis, which has been employed by the author in a number of studies. The inductive methodology is based on a frequency count analysis of the co-occurrence of words; and a visualization of the results of this text analysis in a two dimensional space. The main advantage of this text analysis technique is its potential for (a) exploring large amounts of textual data without any pre-coded or theoretically laden vocabularies or thesauri; and (b) the extraction of discursive patterns often only detectable in an a posteriori expert analysis. An example is used to demonstrate the use of this computer assisted text analysis method through an analysis of the transcripts of biographical interviews exploring life in Czech socialist society. The analysis presented uncovers both shared and distinctive discursive patterns found in the narratives of the interviewees who come from two distinct social groups., Martin Hájek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The present paper deals with the Brno Social Study, a rather extraordinary questionnaire survey given its extent and time (1947). Data analysis was forestalled by the political transformation after 1948, but the questionnaires were preserved. We have inherited a unique set of data for a historical-sociological analysis focusing both on the population of industry workers and on the social structure of Czech society in the advent of the communist coup. The Brno Social Study is contextualized in the state of post-war sociology, and the avenues toward its inception and implementation are mapped. The central part of the paper analyses the survey data from a contemporary analytical perspective, discussing the dataset’s representativeness. The primary objective of the paper is to propose, and initiate scholarly debate about, a feasible methodology for analysing the archived data today. The methodology serves to construct a representative sample through a combination of purposive, quota and random sampling; to determine the respondents’ socio-economic status using both ISCO and an original conceptualization of working class status; and to present certain data on respondents’ lifestyles that might be of interest for future analyses., Dušan Janák, Martin Stanoev a Petr Hušek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In a European comparison, the Czech Republic is one of the countries where motherhood has the biggest negative impact on women’s employment participation. Some researchers explain this situation as resulting from Czech mothers’ preferences for a long-term interruption to their labour market participation. Others stress that preferences are structurally and culturally embedded and identify barriers to the return of Czech mothers to the labour market. In this article, the author first introduces a critique of the theories that focus on preferences in work-life balance studies. Second, inspired by the critique and based on a representative survey of the Czech adult population from 2010 focused on life course histories, the author analyses changes in the length of women’s employment interruptions caused by motherhood since the 1950s and describes the current refamilization model applied in Czech society. Subsequent analysis of biographical interviews with mothers of small children provides an insight into their decision-making about returning to the labour market, and the analysis also shows that statistical evidence of the increase in the economic inactivity of Czech mothers often relates to their involvement in unpaid or unofficially paid economic activities. These strategies are the result of their structurally and culturally constrained decision-making and limited opportunities to achieve work-life balance. At the end of the day, these factors strengthen long-term gender inequalities in the society., Hana Hašková., 3 tabulky, Poznámky na str. 39 (11), Biografická poznámka o autorce článku na str. 52, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Resumé o klíčová slova anglicky na str. 40
Text sa v úvode venuje histórii reprezentatívnych výskumov na Slovensku a v Československu od roku 1948 a na tomto príklade zdôrazňuje dôležitosť archivácie. Neexistencia dátového archívu mala za následok stratu údajov z mnohých výskumov realizovaných pred rokom 1989. Štúdium predstavuje pokusy o založenie dátového archívu na Slovensku a bližšie predstavuje Slovenský archív sociálnych dát (SASD), ktorý je v súčasnosti prevádzkovaný Katedrou sociológie FF UK a Sociologickým ústavom SAV. Relatívne neskorá inštitucionalizácia archívu na Slovensku ponúkla možnosť, archivovať dáta priamo v aktuálnom štandarde DDI. Cieľ SASD - zvyšovať metodologické štandardy výskumov realizovaných na Slovensku, demonštruje text na príkladoch nejednotnosti slovenských prekladov otázok a variantov odpovedí z medzinárodných výskumov, ako aj na príklade nejednotnosti použitých škál. Na záver štúdia predstavuje možnú spoluprácu archívov sociálnych dát v ČR a SR. Jej náplňou by mohla byť archivácia a kompletizácia informácií o výskumoch z obdobia spoločného štátu, prípadne aj tvorba rozdelených dátových súborov reprezentatívnych pre Čechy a Slovensko.
Text sa v úvode venuje histórii reprezentatívnych výskumov na Slovensku a v Československu od roku 1948 a na tomto príklade zdôrazňuje dôležitosť archivácie. Neexistencia dátového archívu mala za následok stratu údajov z mnohých výskumov realizovaných pred rokom 1989. Štúdium predstavuje pokusy o založenie dátového archívu na Slovensku a bližšie predstavuje Slovenský archív sociálnych dát (SASD), ktorý je v súčasnosti prevádzkovaný Katedrou sociológie FF UK a Sociologickým ústavom SAV. Relatívne neskorá inštitucionalizácia archívu na Slovensku ponúkla možnosť, archivovať dáta priamo v aktuálnom štandarde DDI. Cieľ SASD - zvyšovať metodologické štandardy výskumov realizovaných na Slovensku, demonštruje text na príkladoch nejednotnosti slovenských prekladov otázok a variantov odpovedí z medzinárodných výskumov, ako aj na príklade nejednotnosti použitých škál. Na záver štúdia predstavuje možnú spoluprácu archívov sociálnych dát v ČR a SR. Jej náplňou by mohla byť archivácia a kompletizácia informácií o výskumoch z obdobia spoločného štátu, prípadne aj tvorba rozdelených dátových súborov reprezentatívnych pre Čechy a Slovensko., Miroslav Tížik, Miloslav Bahna., 5 obrázků, 5 tabulek, and Obsahuje bibliografii
William Foote Whyte’s Street Corner Society is a classic study in which research was carried out on an Italian slum in a large US city. The methodology and conclusions of the study, however, depart from the standard typology. It was not community research, or a case study, and it did not even fit the narrative model of qualitative research. Whyte’s study did not use quantitative methods and yet reached analytical conclusions. Interpersonal relations are its primary focus. It tries to reveal the patterns of recurring group activities with the objective of capturing the hierarchy in small groups and the rules these groups are guided by. This article examines the motivations of Whyte’s influential study, his research strategy and his main method - participant observation. In the concluding section of this article there is a discussion of the basic paradigmatic debate in which , Norman K. Denzin, Laurel Richardson and others criticised the methodology of the Street Corner Society while Arthur J. Vidich and other scholars praised this study’s innovative approach., Hynek Jeřábek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This article reports the results of a content analysis of recently published papers on the relationship(s) between socioeconomic status and health. This study explores how scholars conceptualize and measure socioeconomic status and health. Consequently, this research investigates if significant differences in measurement exist both across subfields within sociology and across disciplines. The evidence presented reveals a remarkable variation in measurement strategies. Moreover, this variation exhibits a pattern that is not entirely predictable. This article concludes by presenting in detail some of the most widely used health indicators and proposing that current measurement practice may be improved by utilizing some more advanced scaling strategies., Martin Kreidl, Lucie Hošková., 4 tabulky, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé