The rst direct presidential elections in the Czech Republic took place in January 2013. This event and the period before were extensively covered by media, which many candidates and political actors described as ultimately having a signi cant in uence on voters’ decisions. This article focuses on an analysis of the media image of one of the presidential candidates, Karel Schwarzenberg. Originally an outsider, he reached the second round of the elections, but then he was beaten by Miloš Zeman. The article uses the theory of framing and speci es it to the circumstances of the rst and second round of the elections. It applies a quantitative and qualitative content analysis to the main Czech daily newspapers and to the website supporting Schwarzenberg www.volimkarla.cz. The in-depth analysis reveals that the positive image of Karel Schwarzenberg created by his supporters before the rst round of the elections was reframed before the second round into a rather negative image., Hynek Jeřábek, Jan Rössler, Pavel Sklenařík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The publication dissects media perception of environmental issues within Ostrava region. Media are those who pick the stories edit them and throughout their agenda make shifts in ideas of individuals. In 2010 we have experienced skyrocketing of the media coverage of environmental issues related to Ostrava region, mostly attributed by reporting on air pollution. As available researches witnessed, there is a tight relation in public minds in between City of Ostrava, Ostrava region and Moravian-Silesian Region. This fact makes the research easier in the way we could often take in Moravian-Silesian Region figures as to be valid for the City of Ostrava as well as for Ostrava region and vice versa. The objective of the paper is to prove ahypothesis, that media have retained the coverage intensity of agiven topic as they did in 2010., Pavel Herot., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The goal of this article is to contribute to the study of the history of Czech sociology by examining the journal Acta Universitatis Carolinae Philosophica et Historica – Studia Sociologica (AUC StS), published by the Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University. After almost 50 years of its existence, this less-known periodical can be viewed as documentary evidence on the developments and transformations in a part of Czech (or Czechoslovak) sociology. We account for the journal’s main characteristics and discuss its position and role in Czech sociology. In addition to standard procedures of content analysis, we employ the innovative method of citation network analysis. Accordingly, one of the paper’s important goals is to assess the adequacy of the methods applied for addressing research questions of this kind.
Citation network analysis helps us identify the co-citation structure of periodicals and the influence of individual authors or works on a disciplinary field. We employed it primarily to determine the most frequently cited authors and mutual citations in AUC StS. The data was obtained through transcription of bibliographic references at ends of articles (for more recent volumes) or in footnotes (for older volumes). The dataset contains 2637 authors and 5082 citations. Citation network analysis proved adequate for the purpose, providing comprehensive and intelligible results. It can be applied for comparison with similar studies of other periodicals or publications.
Czechoslovak and Czech sociology as a whole was profoundly influenced and shaped by the political transformations around the year 1968 (Soviet military invasion of Czechoslovakia following a period of political liberalization) and 1989 (end of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia during so-called Velvet Revolution). The inception of AUC StS was a result of a conjuncture in Czech sociology in the 1960s. Our analysis of the periodical confirmed the expected effects of the historic turn in 1989. Considerably more book reviews were published before the Velvet Revolution, whereas the number of full articles increased after 1989. Marx, Engels and Lenin were the most frequently cited international authors before 1989,
superseded by Giddens, Beck and Luhmann. “Western” sociology classics (Durkheim, Weber etc.) only began to be frequently cited after the revolution. Among Czech authors, J. Buriánek, M. Petrusek and J. Šubrt were the most frequently cited throughout the history of AUC StS.
A total of 86 individuals (45 men and 41 women) contributed to the 21 issues of AUC StS, mostly Czech sociologists. Given its structure of authors, AUC StS (as opposed to the Czech Sociological Review, for instance) has remained a genuinely Czech periodical, even in the most recent years. Mean age of authors grew from one issue to another until the year 2006, which can be explained by a stable circle of a few active contributors. In contrast, mean age decreased considerably over the past decade. E. Urbánek, J. Sedláček and J. Buriánek were the most productive contributors.
Papers on sociological theory dominate the journal’s structure of topics. After 1989, attention to empirical research grew at the expense of sociological tradition (i.e. particular schools and streams). The trends in article topics exhibit diminishing focus on social structure and stratification, history of Czech and Slovak sociology or general research methodology, on one hand, and growing interest in specialized areas of sociological inquiry, and in particular social transformation and modernization, social deviance and pathology, or environmental problems.
Our comprehensive analysis demonstrates AUC StS as a journal of a relatively stable orientation, in terms of both authors and topics. It reveals some trends that might arguably be ascribed to Czech sociology as a whole, with structure of authors cited clearly shifting from “East” to “West” and an increasing diversity of sources cited. The growing interest in modernization and transformation of Czech society and in empirical research in special areas of social reality can be viewed as another trend that has affected all of Czech sociology over the past quarter century.
V České republice nenajdeme výzkum, který by byl orientován na dětské sny. Tato oblast je nicméně velmi zajímavá, stejně jako sny dospělých. Naše studie se zabývá sny dětí mladšího školního věku. Hlavní metodou je semistrukturovaný rozhovor zaměřený na vybavené sny a jejich obsah. Zkoumaný vzorek se skládá z 35 dětí ve věku 6-8 let a pochází z jedné základní školy v České republice. Pro zpracování dat používáme obsahovou analýzu snů vyvinutou psychology Calvinem S. Hallem a Robertem Van de Castleem. Zvláštní pozornost je kladena na formální charakteristiky snu, což zahrnuje typy postav, sociální interakce, aktivity a emoce. Dalšími výzkumnými tématy jsou dětská schopnost vybavování snů a jejich subjektivní frekvence. Zajímá nás postoj dětí k vlastním snům a souvislost jejich obsahů se zážitky z předchozího dne, dětskými zálibami, běžnými aktivitami nebo problémy. Výsledky našeho šetření budou srovnány s podobnými výzkumy z cizích zemí. V článku je diskutován vliv médií na dětské sny. and In the Czech Republic there is no research dedicated to children's dreams. It is, however, a very interesting area, as well as dreams of adults. Our study is focused on dreams of primary school children. We use the method of semi-structured interview aimed at dream recall of primary school children. Surveyed sample consists of 35 children between six and eight years of age from an elementary school in the Czech Republic. To process the data we use the coding system of the dream content analysis developed by psychologists Calvin S. Hall and Robert Van de Castle. Particular attention is paid to formal properties of dreams such as types of characters, social interactions, activities and emotions. Other research topics are children's ability of dream recall and subjective frequency of their dreams. We are interested in children’s attitudes to their dreams and connections of their contents to experiences from previous day, children's hobbies, common activities or their problems. The results of our research will be compared with similar investigations from foreign countries. The media's influence on children's dreams is also discussed.
Through the content analysis of basic ethnologic and folkloristic journals from the years 1945-1989 (Český lid [The Czech Folk], Československá ethnografie [The Czechoslovak Ethnography], Národopisný věstník československý [The Czechoslovak Ethnographical Journal] including Věstník národopisné společnosti
česko-slovenské [The Journal of the Czechoslovak Ethnographic Society] and Zprávy Společnosti česko-slovenských národopisců [The Newsletter of the Society of Czechoslovak Ethnographers], Národopisné aktuality [The Ethnographical News]), the study shows the tendencies in the development of particular periodicals, major themes studied, and interconnections of their authors and editors.
The aim of the article is to quantify how often in leading Czech social-science journals (Československá psychologie / Czechoslovak Psychology, Pedagogika/Pedagogy, and Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review) authors choose the wrong procedures to analyse quantitative data. In particular, attention is focused on the incorrect choice of statistical tests, their misinterpretation and mechanical application, and the use of effect sizes, that are so highly recommended nowadays. The basic research period was ten years, from 2005 to 2014, and for the Czech Sociological Review the period was extended back to 1995. The results of the content analysis of published articles (N=363) show that statistical tests are applied quite often to data that are not suitable for statistical tests: this is found in about one-fifth of cases in Czech Sociological Review, one-half in Pedagogy, and more than three-quarters in Czechoslovak Psychology. In addition, authors often make mechanical use of statistical methods or make incorrect interpretations (in over 40% of articles in the Czech Sociological Review over the last 10 years) and there are rarely any substantive interpretations of results (especially in Czechoslovak Psychology). Effect sizes are applied relatively often, but there are also gaps in their usage. It is clear from the results that changes are necessary both in the teaching of quantitative methodology and publishing practices in this subject area.
This article reports the results of a content analysis of recently published papers on the relationship(s) between socioeconomic status and health. This study explores how scholars conceptualize and measure socioeconomic status and health. Consequently, this research investigates if significant differences in measurement exist both across subfields within sociology and across disciplines. The evidence presented reveals a remarkable variation in measurement strategies. Moreover, this variation exhibits a pattern that is not entirely predictable. This article concludes by presenting in detail some of the most widely used health indicators and proposing that current measurement practice may be improved by utilizing some more advanced scaling strategies., Martin Kreidl, Lucie Hošková., 4 tabulky, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé