The presented paper deals with the national minority of Transylvanian Saxons in Romania. It describes the historical story of the community and the importance of festivities. Based on long-term field research, it describes and analyzes the problems associated with reconstructing the ethnic identity of the community. Primarily, it focuses on the issue of social conditionality of memory. The paper presents the individual responders' recollections of the fundamental events in the community's history in the second half of the 20th century. Methodologically, it follows the tradition of ethnographic research, building on theoretical concepts of ethnicity (T. H. Eriksen, B. Anderson, A. D. Smith) and memory studies (M. Halbwachs, J. Assmann, P. Nora).
The article concerns itself with the evolution of the perception of the affiliaton with the "old country" among the Bukovina Slovaks before 1947, and namely with the retrospective construction of the myth of the preservation of identity in abroad post reemigration to Slovakia in 1947.
The article deals with a dissent discourse against celebrations of October 28th in the era of the First Czechoslovak republic found in court records. Primarily, is researched a discourse of members of the German and Polish community in the Czech lands. Besides ways of shaping a negative image of the celebrations there are researched also attempts to create alternative festivities which could connect the citizens with certain political movements.
The study deals in detail with the youth of Jaroslav Schaller and his years of study, especially at the novitiate in Lipník nad Bečvou and his private studies in the Piarist order. The author follows Schaller's work, particularly his sixteen-part Topographie des Königreiches Böhmen and the description of the capital city of Prague Beschreibung der königlichen Haupt- und Residenzstadt Prag. He also focuses on his further life and work, a significant encyclopedia on the history of pedagogy of the Piarist order, the original findings of which were already to be found in Schaller's topographic writings, and another book on pedagogy and the educational efforts of the Piarist order.
For the exiles, who were active co-workers of the exile organization Opus Bonum, the phenomenon of the home was one of the most important issues in life. We will examine how this fact influenced the attitudes of the Opus Bonum meeting's participants. We are interested in how much it was a conscious or, on the contrary, unreflected inspiration and whether its application in different social positions differs. We will outline the influence of the idea of a happy home on further work in exile on the examples of the priest Anastáz Opasek, lay Catholic activist Vladimír Neuwirth and art theorist Petr Spielmann.
The article deals with the beginnings of the modern study of old routes in the region of north-eastern Bohemia, whose imaginary axis is formed by the river Jizera. The aim of the paper is to present the potential and pitfalls of the research and the methods used. It presents several conclusions on the research of the course of extinct routes, such as the course of the route through the foothills of the Jizera Mountains towards the Novosvětský pass and the route from the Mladá Boleslav region via Vysoké nad Jizerou to Lower Silesia. In a more theoretical conclusion, the study outlines general issues relating to the research of old routes.
This paper analyses the image of home in memoirs of members of the Czechoslovak Legion. It focuses not only on retrospective memories recorded during the service, but also on introductory, biographical and closing sections that are a part of many memoirs, as well as on the visions of the future free state and home they hoped to return to. The paper utilizes sampling method, picking three memoirs of members of the Legion and submitting to comparison the temporary and situationally diverse ideas of home found in them, as well as their development in time. Upon this sample are then demonstrated the repetitive motives and development tendencies observed in memoirs of members of the Legion and hypotheses are drawn to identify the background and causality of such tendencies. The article concludes with summarizing the results and outlining the possible further research in this yet sparsely researched field.
The news of the destruction of Lidice shocked people of all the continents throughout the world and the name of Lidice has remained globally known until today. The purpose of this study is to interpret a very important period in the history of the Czech Lands from the point of view of the contemporary Protectorate media, but also from the viewpoint of the British and American press. The study is interdisciplinary as it relates not only to the field of historical sciences but at the same time it is linked to media studies. The analysis was carried out with the help of content analysis, comparative historical analysis and discourse analysis. At the core of our interest here is the way the reflection of the destruction of Lidice was presented by the media, what aspects were of particular interest, in what way the local population was depicted and what characteristic features were attributed to Lidice inhabitants.
The study deals with the development and instrumentalization of the Handlová strike (1940) in the historiography before 1989. In the paper, I will provide the situation that preceded the strike and then the analysis of its process. It will also be necessary to determine who initiated the strike and what role the illegal communist movement played in it. I am going to compare the forms of instrumentalization with some of the claims made by historiography after 1989. In the context of instrumentalization of a strike, several questions arise. Was this a significant historiographic milestone? For what purpose was it used? Who and why was he the maintainer of his instrumentalization? How much influence had the communists during the strike?
In the 1960s the communist-controlled Czechoslovakia strongly ideologically opposed the Western countries both in terms of public promotional activities as well as in the internal materials of the Czechoslovak state authorities. Their anti-Western rhetoric was also focused on the system of government and economic situation. It is also the focus of this contribution which uses France as an example. It is based on contents and linguistic analysis of the materials of the Czechoslovak diplomatic service and the newspaper Rudé právo.