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2. Anti-Helicobacter pylori, anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroglobulin and anti-gastric parietal cells antibodies in Czech population

Creator:
Ivan Šterzl, Pavlína Hrdá, Petr Matucha, Jarmila Čeřovská, and Václav Zamrazil
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Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, Helicobacter pylori, protilátky, endocrinology, antibodies, thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, gastric parietal cells, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Autoimmune thyropathies are frequently linked to many infections, such as Helicobacter pylori, which are also supposed to play a role in their pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between thyroid and gastric autoimmunity and H. pylori infection on a large sample of Czech population (n=1621) by monitoring the autoantibodies against thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and gastric parietal cell (anti-GPC, representing thyrogastric syndrome) in correlation with antibodies against Helicobacter pylori (anti-H. pylori) of classes IgG and IgA. The interrelation between autoantibodies and H. pylori antibodies was assessed by H. pylori seropositivity. In H. pylori seropositive persons as compared to seronegative irrespective of age and sex, a higher occurrence of anti-TPO (10.4 % vs. 5.8 %, p=0.001) and anti-GPC (6.1 % vs. 1.7 %, p<0.001) was found. Differences in anti-TPO occurrence were significant in both men (7.0 % vs. 3.3 %, p=0.03) and women (12.7 % vs. 8.0 %, p=0.02), differences in anti-GPC occurrence were significant only in women (7.2 % vs. 1.7 %, p<0.001). Results of this study support the idea of a connection between infection of H. pylori and the occurrence of anti-TPO autoantibodies representing thyroid autoimmunity and gastric parietal cells autoantibodies representing the thyrogastric syndrome., I. Šterzl, P. Hrdá, P. Matucha, J. Čeřovská, V. Zamrazil., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. Association of C/T polymorphism in the LRP5 gene with circulating follicle stimulating hormone in Caucasian postmenopausal women

Creator:
Ivana Žofková, Miroslav Hill, and Kateřina Zajíčková
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Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, hormony, polymorfismus, endocrinology, hormones, polymorphism, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, sex-steroids, lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) gene, C/T (c.4037:A1330V), 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The LRP5 gene is believed to be primarily associated with bone metabolism via Wnt signaling. The latter pathway, however, appears to control various other systems outside the skeleton. To find the relationships of the LRP5 gene to serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH ) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the cohort of normal postmenopausal women, we identified the C/T (c.4037:A1330V) polymorphism in the LRP5 gene using a restriction analysis of the PCR product in a cohort of 165 untreated pre- and post-menopausal women. In a subset of 111 post-menopausal women we analyzed the association between the LRP5 genotype and serum levels of sex-hormones including FSH and LH. The distribution of CC, TC and TT genotypes of the C/T polymorphism in the whole group was 73.9 %, 23.6 % and 2.4 %, respectively, which is comparable with other Caucasian populations. As no TT homozygote was found in the group of post-menopausal women, serum sex-hormones were compared between CC and TC genotypes. Women with the CT allele combination had markedly higher serum FSH levels as compared to carriers of the CC genotype (p<0.004). No differences between these genotypes were found in serum LH levels as well as the circulating sex-steroids such as estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and/or its sulphate, androstenedione and SHBG. To conclude, the LRP5 gene is associated with circulating FSH in normal post-menopausal women in the present study. The mediating role of subtle undetectable variations in estrogen levels is discussed. We did not find any relationship between the LRP-5 genotype and serum LH levels., I. Žofková, M. Hill, K. Zajíčková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4. Calcium intake and the outcome of short-term weight management

Creator:
Karolína Hlavatá, Vojtěch Hainer, Milena Gojová, Petr Hlavatý, Kopský, V., Jara Nedvídková, Marie Kunešová, Jana Pařízková, Martin Wagenknecht, Miroslav Hill, and Jan Drbohlav
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Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, obezita, vápník, hlad, endocrinology, obesity, calcium, hunger, weight change, fat-free mass, resistin, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that calcium intake is inversely related to weight gain. Calcium of dairy origin has been shown to be more effective in promoting weight loss. However, clinical studies yielded controversial results concerning the role of calcium intake in weight change. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the addition of calcium can affect the outcome of 3-week weight management (WM) with a hypocaloric diet characterized by a decreased calcium intake. Overweight/obese women (n=67; BMI 32.2±4.1 kg/m2; age 49.1±12.1 years) underwent a 4-week comprehensive WM program. WM included a 7 MJ/day diet resulting in a stable weight during the first week and a 4.5 MJ/day diet with mean daily calcium intake 350 mg during the second to fourth week. Participants were divided into three age- and BMI-matched groups who received placebo or calcium (500 mg/day). Calcium was administered either as carbonate or calcium of dairy origin (Lactoval). There was no significant difference in weight loss in response to WM between the placebo-treated and calcium-treated groups. However, addition of calcium to the diet resulted in a lower hunger score in the Eating Inventory as well as a decrease in plasma resistin levels. Body composition measured by bioimpedance demonstrated that added calcium leads to preservation of fat-free mass. Nevertheless, a greater loss of fat-free mass in the placebo group might be partly due to a greater loss of water., K. Kabrnová-Hlavatá, V. Hainer, M. Gojová, P. Hlavatý, V. Kopský, J. Nedvídková, M. Kunešová, J. Pařízková, M. Wagenknecht, M. Hill, J. Drbohlav., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5. Change in fatty acid composition of serum lipids in obese females after short-term weight-reducing regimen with the addition of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in comparison to controls

Creator:
Petr Hlavatý, Marie Kunešová, Milena Gojová, Eva Tvrzická, Marek Vecka, Petr Roubal, Martin Hill, Karolína Hlavatá, Kalousková, Pavla, Vojtěch Hainer, Aleš Žák, and Jan Drbohlav
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Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, obezita, mastné kyseliny, redukce tělesné hmotnosti, endocrinology, obesity, fatty acids, weight loss, n-3 fatty acids, EPA, DHA, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Short-term weight-reducing regimens were shown to influence fatty acid composition of serum lipids unfavorably. Adding long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFA) to a low-calorie diet (LCD) could avoid these changes. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a short-term in-patient weight-reducing regimen including LCD with yogurt enriched by low doses of n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCD). The enriched yogurt contained 790 mg of fish oil, predominantly eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3; EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3; DHA). Forty obese women were randomly assigned to the group consuming LCD and joghurt either with or without n-3 enrichment. Following the 3-week diet in the n-3 LCD group a significantly higher increase in the proportion of n-3 LC PUFA (sum of n-3 FA, EPA and DHA) in serum lipids was confirmed. In phospholipids (PL) a significant difference in the sum of n-6 fatty acids was found, a decrease in the n-3 LCD group and an increase in LCD group. Significantly higher increase in the PL palmitate (16:0) was shown in the LCD group. The results suggest that low doses of n-3 fatty acid enrichment can help to avoid unfavorable changes in fatty acid composition in serum lipids after a short-term weight-reducing regimen., P. Hlavatý, M. Kunešová, M. Gojová, E. Tvrzická, M. Vecka, P. Roubal, M. Hill, K. Hlavatá, P. Kalousková, V. Hainer, A. Žák, J. Drbohlav., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6. Chromogranin A, a member of neuroendocrine secretory proteins as a selective marker for laboratory diagnosis of pheochromocytoma

Creator:
Radovan Bílek, Libor Šafařík, Vanda Ciprová, Petr Vlček, and Lidka Lisá
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Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, feochromocytomy, krevní plazma, endocrinology, pheochromocytoms, blood plasma, chromogranin A, radioimmunometric assay, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The function of chromogranin A (CGA) is reviewed, and the radioimmunometric determination of plasma CGA was evaluated as a marker of pheochromocytoma using a comparison of pheochromocytoma patients immediately before surgery (group P, n=25, 635±451 ng/ml) with other groups of patients, i.e. pheochromocytoma patients approximately 1 year after removal of tumor (group PP, n=13, 69±33 ng/ml), medullary thyroid carcinoma patients (group M, n=22, 106±59 ng/ml), congenital adrenal hyperplasy patients (n=33, 65±40 ng/ml), and controls (n=31, 66±29 ng/ml). A CGA level above cut off value 130 ng/ml was found in 24 of 25 patients in group P, 1 (relapse) of 13 patients in group PP, and 4 of 22 patients in group M. In the group P we found a significant association between the size of the tumors removed and plasma CGA concentrations (p=0.0016), and also a significant (p=0.0016) relationship between plasma CGA concentrations and PASS score rating the malignity of pheochromocytoma. We can conclude that plasma CGA concentration as determined by radioimmunometric assay (which is simple without the necessity of special laboratory equipment) is an effective marker of pheochromocytoma with association to malignity and tumor mass., R. Bílek, L. Šafařík, V. Ciprová, P. Vlček, L. Lisá., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

7. Comparison of total and salivary cortisol in a low-dose ACTH (synacthen) test: Influence of three-month oral contraceptives administration to healthy women

Creator:
Kateřina Šimůnková, Luboslav Stárka, Martin Hill, Lubomír Kříž, Richard Hampl, and Karel Vondra
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Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, kortizol, antikoncepce, endocrinology, cortisol, contraception, low dose ACTH test, salivary cortisol, total serum cortisol, free cortisol, cortisol binding globulin, oral contraceptives, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of low-dose combined oral contraception (COC) on basal and stimulated (1 μg ACTH test) levels of serum and salivary cortisol (F), cortisone and on basal serum cortisol binding globulin (CBG), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), dehydroepiadrosterone (DHEA) and calculated free cortisol in healthy young women. Three-month administration of COC resulted in 1) significant increase of basal (454.0±125.0 to 860.9±179.7 nmol/l) and ACTH-stimulated serum cortisol in 30th min (652.3±60.5 to 1374.1±240.6 nmol/l); 2) no significant change of basal (15.4±7.3 to 18.9±8.5 nmol/l) and ACTH-stimulated salivary cortisol at the 30th min (32.4±8.8 to 32.9±9.0 nmol/l); 3) no significant change of basal serum cortisone (38,8±7.68 to 45.2±24.2 nmol/l) and ACTH-stimulated cortisone at the 30th (34.8±10.9 to 47.0±35.7 nmol/l); 4) significant increase of basal ACTH (17.2±9.0 to 38.2±29.4 ng/l), CBG (991.0±161.0 to 2332.0±428.0 nmol/l), and 5) no significant change of basal DHEA (24.6±15.7 to 22.6±11.7 μmol/l) and calculated basal value for free cortisol (22.8±14.9 to 19.2±6.9nmol/l). In conclusions, higher basal and ACTH-stimulated serum cortisol were found after three-month administration of COC, while basal and stimulated salivary cortisol were not significantly affected. Therefore, salivary cortisol can be used for assessment of adrenal function in women regularly using COC., K. Šimůnková, L. Stárka, M. Hill, L. Kříž, R. Hampl, K. Vondra., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

8. Dehydroepiandrosterone in relation to adiposity, glucose tolerance and lipid spectra in Czech non-diabetic population

Creator:
Běla Bendlová, Jana Vrbíková, Martin Hill, Markéta Vaňková, Petra Lukášová, Josef Včelák, Daniela Vejražková, Kateřina Dvořáková, Richard Hampl, Karel Vondra, and Luboslav Stárka
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Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, obezita, lipidy, inzulinová rezistence, pohlavní hormony, endocrinology, obesity, lipids, insulin resistance, sex hormones, dehydroepiandrosteroine, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
This study aimed to examine relationships between DHEA(S), anthropometric parameters, oral glucose tolerance test derived data and lipid spectra in a Czech non-diabetic population. 380 healthy volunteers both with and without a family history of diabetes type 2 (DM2) were en rolled into the study (women: n=235, age 28.9±9.4 years, BMI 22.3±4.5 kg/m2, men: n=145, age 32.3±10.0 years, BMI 24.7±3.6 kg/m2). Spearman’s correlations (both without and with the adjustment for age, age and BMI), as well as ANCOVA were used. Non-adjusted data showed many “beneficial” correlations between DHEA(S) and both anthropometric and metabolic variables. Statistical analysis revealed that almost all correlations of DHEA(S) to adiposity and fat distribution in men as well as in women disappeared after the adjustment. There are, however, differences between men and women in the correlation of DHEA(S) to insulin sensitivity and lipid levels. The use of hormonal contraceptives (COC) is also an important factor in this relationship. In men and also in women using COC, DHEA-S after adjustment correlated positively with fasting and stimulated glucose, insulin and C-peptide, and negatively with insulin sensitivity. In this respect, the benefit of DHEA(S) supplementation seems - at least in terms of its alleged antiobesity and antidiabetogenic effects - to be more than controversial., B. Bendlová, J. Vrbíková, M. Hill, M. Vaňková, P. Lukášová, J. Včelák, D. Vejražková, K. Dvořáková, R. Hampl, K. Vondra, L. Stárka., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

9. Different secretory response of pancreatic islets and insulin secreting cell lines INS-1 and INS-1E to osmotic stimuli

Creator:
Orečná, M., Hafko, R., Bačová, Z., Jarmila Vargová, Dušan Chorvát, and Vladimír Štrbák
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Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, endokrinologie, inzulin, nádorové buňky, pankreas, endocrinology, insulin, cancer cells, pancreas, cell volume, pancreatic islets, tumor cell line, Ca2+ and exocytosis, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
Objective of this study was to characterize osmotically-induced insulin secretion in two tumor cell lines. We compared response of freshly isolated rat pancreatic islets and INS-1 and INS-1E tumor cell lines to high glucose, 30 % hypotonic medium and 20 % hypertonic medium. In Ca2+-containing medium glucose induced insulin release in all three cell types. Hypotonicity induced insulin secretion from islets and INS-1 cells but not from INS-1E cells, in which secretion was inhibited despite similar increase in cell volume in both cell types. GdCl3 (100 μmol/l) did not affect insulin response from INS-1E cells to hypotonic challenge. Hypertonic medium inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion from islets but not from tumor cells. Noradrenaline (1 μmol/l) inhibited glucose-induced but not swelling-induced insulin secretion from INS-1 cells. Surprisingly, perifusion with Ca2+-depleted medium showed distinct secretory response of INS-1E cells to hypotonicity while that of INS-1 cells was partially inhibited. Functioning glucose-induced insulin secretion is not sufficient prerequisite for hypotonicity-induced response in INS-1E cells suggesting that swelling-induced exocytosis is not essential step in the mechanism mediating glucose-induced insulin secretion. Both cell lines are resistant to inhibitory effect of hyperosmolarity on glucose-induced insulin secretion. Response of INS-1E cells to hypotonicity is inhibited by the presence of Ca2+ in medium., M. Orečná, R. Hafko, Z. Bačová, J. Podskočová, D. Chorvát Jr., V. Štrbák., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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