The article examines the meaning of the other for Kant's idea of autonomy. Autonomy is interpreted, in relation to the universal demand of the ethical, as governing the will by principles. Autonomy as principled self-determination by means of the practical law cannot be understood as the standpoint of an isolated subject. Instead we must understand it as a standpoint taken towards others, which we treat as the aspect of spontaneity, and at the same time as a standpoint taken thanks to others, since others make possible its awakening and development - here the aspect of receptivity is discussed. In this two-way relation between autonomy (enabled by a self-determining goverment by principle) and the other, the character of dialogical mutuality is exhibited: autonomy is the principled considerateness of a good will towards others, and, in order for it to be such, it must be initiated by others., Ondřej Sikora., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
Due to the a development of nanotechnology in all areas of human activities, and the important role of South Moravia as industrial base with a growing importance of emerging technologies, it is necessary to educate young generation and prepare it to this novel trends and allow it a better flexible integration into the work market. Therefore, and as a base to the existing Ph.D. branch ''Physical electronics and Nanotechnology'', it is necessary to develop an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach to this area at the lower levels, for Bachelor and Magister students in Electrical Engineering. The existing cours Nanometrology for Magister level is there shown as example of this tendency. and S nastupujícím rozmachem nanotechnologií ve všech oborech lidské činnosti a vzhledem k tomu, že Jihomoravský kraj je významnou průmyslovou základnou s rostoucím podílem inovačních postupů v oblasti nanotechnologií a informačních technologií, je nejen žádoucí, ale i nezbytné, připravovat mladé lidi na tyto nové trendy s cílem jejich snadnějšího, flexibilnějšího začlenění na trhu práce. Proto bude k akreditovanému doktorskému oboru ''Fyzikální elektronika a nanotechnologie'' na fakultě vybudována i základna pro studenty bakalářského a magisterského studia. Jako příklad jednoho již existujícího kursu pro magisterské studium je uveden výběrový kurs Nanotechnologie.
In this article, the author describes sweeping changes in the gender system and ofers explanations for why change has been uneven. Because the devaluation of activities done by women has changed little, women have had strong incentive to enter male jobs, but men have had little incentive to take on female activities or jobs. he gender egalitarianism that gained traction was the notion that women should have access to upward mobility and to all areas of schooling and jobs. But persistent gender essentialism means that most people follow gender -typical paths except when upward mobility is impossible otherwise. Middle-class women entered managerial and professional jobs more than working -class women inte grated blue-collar jobs because the latter were able to move up while choosing a “female“ occupation; many mothers of middle-class women were already in the highest-status female occupations. he author also notes a number of gender-egalitarian trends that have stalled., Paula England., Poznámky, Přeloženo z angličtiny, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Abstrakt a klíčová slova anglicky
Although it is not an easy task to classify cells into different types, or in turn cell types into tissue types, a clear, understandable, didactically and clinically relevant tissue classification is indispensable for undergraduate medical education, expert discussions in biomedical research as well as for clinical practice. From the earliest discovery of the light microscope on, tissue classification has been a dynamic process. Historically, it was not a rare occurrence that different textbooks offered different tissue classifications. Nowadays, classifications have almost become uniform – the most common is the histological classification into four basic tissue types (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous), which is recognized by the majority of modern histology and pathology textbooks. The reason is that, with some exceptions, this classification seems to be the most relevant not only for educational purposes but also from an embryological perspective and clinical-histopathological practice. Recently, attempts have been made to abandon this established classification and replace it with a new one. Any new classification, which would improve the presently used is welcomed. However, if the proposed innovation does not satisfy the needs of modern education and clinical practice, it should be handled with great caution or reconsidered.