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2. Different debtors, different struggles: foreign-currency housing loans and class tensions in Romania
- Creator:
- Florea, Ioana and Sandu-Dumitriu, Mihail
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- class, FX debt, household debt, politics, and Romania
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Management of foreign-currency household debt in Romania in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis in 2008 had the effect of deepening pre-2008 class disparities and treated debtor categories differently according to their income. In this article we contribute to the debate on subaltern financialisation by showing how post-crisis credit and housing policies contributed to the fact that today different debtor groups (i.e. by type of credit but also by time of lending) find themselves at opposing ends of the political spectrum based on different class alliances, with those who benefited from the crisis-management polices positioning themselves against those who were the ‘losers’ under these same policies.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3. Genderová revoluce: Nerovnoměrná a zastavená
- Creator:
- England, Paula
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- gender, vzdělanost, vzdělávání, zaměstnanost žen, práva žen, education, educational attainment, employment of women, women's rights, race, class, work/occupations, 18, and 316.4
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- In this article, the author describes sweeping changes in the gender system and ofers explanations for why change has been uneven. Because the devaluation of activities done by women has changed little, women have had strong incentive to enter male jobs, but men have had little incentive to take on female activities or jobs. he gender egalitarianism that gained traction was the notion that women should have access to upward mobility and to all areas of schooling and jobs. But persistent gender essentialism means that most people follow gender -typical paths except when upward mobility is impossible otherwise. Middle-class women entered managerial and professional jobs more than working -class women inte grated blue-collar jobs because the latter were able to move up while choosing a “female“ occupation; many mothers of middle-class women were already in the highest-status female occupations. he author also notes a number of gender-egalitarian trends that have stalled., Paula England., Poznámky, Přeloženo z angličtiny, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Abstrakt a klíčová slova anglicky
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
4. S-A-I teze (biologické druhy jako individua)
- Creator:
- Havlík, Vladimír
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- species, class, individual, types of relation, and philosophy of biology
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The article addresses the problem of nature of species which could be reduced to the question: Are species classes (universals) or individuals (particular things)? Reflecting on the discussion between traditionalist (e.g. Kitts and Kitts, Ruse) and proponents of a radical solution (Ghiselin, Hull) - by way of the S-A-I thesis (Species As Individuals) - we concentrate on the third possibility under which species are viewed as a hybrid category such as a ''complex particular,'' ''individualized class'' or ''event-entities'' (Supe, Ruse). My argument centers on an interchangeability of parts, and it concludes that we must distinguish three types of relation between parts and wholes: constructivist, emergent and reproductive. Thanks to this differentiation, I tend to view species as individuals, but not in the usual constructivist or emergent sense. In order to do justice to the individual character of species, a special logico-ontological structure or type-which I propose to call ''reproductive type''-needs to be devised. and Vladimír Havlík
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
5. Třída - vlastnost - pojem
- Creator:
- Materna, Pavel
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- class, property, concept, intension, extension, and procedure
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- It is argued that the terms class, property, concept are exactly distinguishable and that defining this distinction helps to avoiding frequently occurring misunderstandings. Classes are extensions, properties are intensions and concepts are abstract procedures, i.e., hyperintensions. Realizing these distinctions we fulfill Gödel´s requirement to make the meaning of the terms ''class'' and ''concept'' clearer and to set up a consistent theory of classes and concepts as objectively existing entities. and Pavel Materna
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public