This article deals with germanisms in Czech. Frequencies of 26 different new High German loanwords were analyzed in the Czech National Corpus. These borrowed words were standing in competition with their Czech synonyms. This comparison is used to study the question of whether germanisms or their equivalents in Czech are more used by native speakers. For this analysis new High German loanwords were deliberately selected in order to verify the actuality of the topic. But the major part of the study was examined in a diachronic period. This shows not only the current situation but in most cases the frequency of the selected loanwords throughout their existence. The calculations of the average frequency are made for each century (since 1650), and also in the recent modern period (from 1947 to 2008). and Článek se zabývá germanizmy v češtině. Prostřednictvím Českého národního korpusu byly zjišťovány různé frekvence 26 novohornoněmeckých výpůjček a jim konkurujících českých synonym. Článek se na základě frekvenčních srovnání snaží odpovědět na otázku, zda čeští rodilí mluvčí preferují germanizmy či dávají přednost jejich českým ekvivalentům. Článek analyzuje nejen aktuální situaci, ale ve většině případů ukazuje frekvenci vybraných germanizmů z diachronního hlediska, po celou dobu jejich existence. Byla vypočtena průměrná frekvence za každé století (od roku 1650), včetně posledního moderního období (od roku 1947 do roku 2008).
NomVallex 2.0 is a manually annotated valency lexicon of Czech nouns and adjectives, created in the theoretical framework of the Functional Generative Description and based on corpus data (the SYN series of corpora from the Czech National Corpus and the Araneum Bohemicum Maximum corpus). In total, NomVallex is comprised of 1027 lexical units contained in 570 lexemes, covering the following parts-of-speech and derivational categories: deverbal or deadjectival nouns, and deverbal, denominal, deadjectival or primary adjectives. Valency properties of a lexical unit are captured in a valency frame (modeled as a sequence of valency slots, each supplemented with a list of morphemic forms) and documented by corpus examples. In order to make it possible to study the relationship between valency behavior of base words and their derivatives, lexical units of nouns and adjectives in NomVallex are linked to their respective base lexical units (contained either in NomVallex itself or, in case of verbs, in the VALLEX lexicon), linking up to three parts-of-speech (i.e., noun – verb, adjective – verb, noun – adjective, and noun – adjective – verb).
In order to facilitate comparison, this submission also contains abbreviated entries of the base verbs of these nouns and adjectives from the VALLEX lexicon and simplified entries of the covered nouns and adjectives from the PDT-Vallex lexicon.
The NomVallex I. lexicon describes valency of Czech deverbal nouns belonging to three semantic classes, i.e. Communication (dotaz 'question'), Mental Action (plán 'plan') and Psych State (nenávist 'hatred'). It covers both stem-nominals and root-nominals (dotazování se 'asking' and dotaz 'question'). In total, the lexicon includes 505 lexical units in 248 lexemes. Valency properties are captured in the form of valency frames, specifying valency slots and their morphemic forms, and are exemplified by corpus examples.
In order to facilitate comparison, this submission also contains abbreviated entries of the source verbs of these nouns from the Vallex lexicon and simplified entries of the covered nouns from the PDT-Vallex lexicon.
ORTOFON v1 is designed as a representation of authentic spoken Czech used in informal situations (private environment, spontaneity, unpreparedness etc.) in the area of the whole Czech Republic. The corpus is composed of 332 recordings from 2012–2017 and contains 1 014 786 orthographic words (i.e. a total of 1 236 508 tokens including punctuation); a total of 624 different speakers appear in the probes. ORTOFON v1 is fully balanced regarding the basic sociolinguistic speaker categories (gender, age group, level of education and region of childhood residence).
The transcription is linked to the corresponding audio track. Unlike the ORAL-series corpora, the transcription was carried out on two main tiers, orthographic and phonetic, supplemented by an additional metalanguage tier. ORTOFON v1 is lemmatized and morphologically tagged. The (anonymized) transcriptions are provided in the XML Elan Annotation format, audio (with corresponding anonymization beeps) is in uncompressed 16-bit PCM WAV, mono, 16 kHz format.
Another format option of the transcriptions is also available under less restrictive CC BY-NC-SA license at http://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-2580
ORTOFON v1 is designed as a representation of authentic spoken Czech used in informal situations (private environment, spontaneity, unpreparedness etc.) in the area of the whole Czech Republic. The corpus is composed of 332 recordings from 2012–2017 and contains 1 014 786 orthographic words (i.e. a total of 1 236 508 tokens including punctuation); a total of 624 different speakers appear in the probes. ORTOFON v1 is fully balanced regarding the basic sociolinguistic speaker categories (gender, age group, level of education and region of childhood residence).
The transcription is linked to the corresponding audio track. Unlike the ORAL-series corpora, the transcription was carried out on two main tiers, orthographic and phonetic, supplemented by an additional metalanguage tier. ORTOFON v1 is lemmatized and morphologically tagged. The (anonymized) corpus is provided in a (semi-XML) vertical format used as an input to the Manatee query engine. The data thus correspond to the corpus available via the KonText query engine to registered users of the CNC at http://www.korpus.cz
Please note: this item includes only the transcriptions, audio (and the transcripts in their original format) is available under more restrictive non-CC license at http://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-2579
The contribution includes the data frames and the R script (Markdown file) belonging to the paper "Morphological and Pragmatic Conditioning of Reflexivity in Possessive Pronouns: Effects of Number and Form of Address in Czech" submitted to the journal Language Variation and Change in September 2024.
The Prague Dependency Treebank 2.0 (PDT 2.0) contains a large amount of Czech texts with complex and interlinked morphological (two million words), syntactic (1.5 MW) and complex semantic annotation (0.8 MW); in addition, certain properties of sentence information structure and coreference relations are annotated at the semantic level.
PDT 2.0 is based on the long-standing Praguian linguistic tradition, adapted for the current Computational Linguistics research needs. The corpus itself uses the latest annotation technology. Software tools for corpus search, annotation and language analysis are included. Extensive documentation (in English) is provided as well. and 1ET101120413 (Data a nástroje pro informační systémy) MSM 0021620838 (Moderní metody, struktury a systémy informatiky) 1ET101120503 (Integrace jazykových zdrojů za účelem extrakce informací z přirozených textů) 1P05ME752 (Vícejazyčný valenční a predikátový slovník přirozeného jazyka) LC536 (Centrum komputační lingvistiky)
Among the results of Russian influence on Czech in the 19th century was the emergence of an active past participle in -(v)ší in Czech. Although not welcomed by all grammarians, this participle continued its existence in Czech until today, becoming mainly a device of archaic and bookish style. In the actual work, the occurence oft the active past participle in -(v)ší in the largest partial corpus of the Czech National Corpus containing journalistic texts is studied. A main result of the study is that apart from a large number of examples from different verbs which show the active past participle on -(v)ší in the studied corpus once or twice and where it is indeed a device of archaic and bookish style, sometimes even of irony and humor, there is a small group of (mainly intransitive) verbs, where this participle functions with considerable frequency in stylistically more neutral contexts of written Standard Czech as the only participle (sometimes as a - stylistically more marked - variant of a more numerous active past participle in -l). In theses cases, it remains overwhelmingly a syntactically unextended direct attribute of a noun. Such active past participle in -(v)ší is to be found most often in sports coverage where it is built from a set of verbs with terminological function.
Experimental materials, data and R scripts used in the paper "Garden-path sentences and the diversity of their
(mis)representations" (Ceháková - Chromý, 2023).
RobeCzech is a monolingual RoBERTa language representation model trained on Czech data. RoBERTa is a robustly optimized Transformer-based pretraining approach. We show that RobeCzech considerably outperforms equally-sized multilingual and Czech-trained contextualized language representation models, surpasses current state of the art in all five evaluated NLP tasks and reaches state-of-theart results in four of them. The RobeCzech model is released publicly at https://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-3691 and https://huggingface.co/ufal/robeczech-base, both for PyTorch and TensorFlow.