Studie se zabývá problematikou renesančních historiae naturalis, zejména potom vztahem, který v tomto žánru zaujímala empirie a tradiční vedení. Článek analyzuje rozdíly mezi historiae naturalis Starého světa (Gessner, Aldrovandi) a světa Nového (Oviedo, Hernández). Hlavním cílem textu je charakterizovat specifika těchto dvou typů "přírodní historie" a stejně tak ukázat jejich podobnosti a poukázat na "zdánlivé paradoxy". and The central theme of this study is the problematics of historiae naturalis in Renaissance, especially the relationship between empiricism and tradition in this genre. The paper analyses the differences between historiae naturalis of The Old World (Gessner, Aldrovandi) and historiae naturalis (these) of The New World (Oviedo, Hernández). The main goal is to characterize the specific forms of these two ways of natural history and, on the other hand, to show their similarities and point out the "seeming paradoxes".
Článek se soustředí na téma, jemuž dosud mezi českými badateli nebyla věnována patřičná pozornost. Uvádí do českého prostředí přírodní filosofii Tommasa Campanelly OP (1568–1639), přičemž se zaměřuje na jeho kosmologii, astrologii, magii, medicínu a prorocké vize. Jsou zdůrazněny některé z jeho antiaristotelských tezí a v neposlední řadě je poukázáno na zajímavé paralely, analogie a průniky se staršími autory (Dante, Ficino...) i současníky (Komenský, Galileo...). Závěrečné tvrzení, že Campanella nepatří k průkopníkům moderní vědy, ale spíše k starší renesanční hermeticko-magicko-platónské tradici, by nemělo zastínit literární a rétorickou kvalitu jeho spisů, především jeho metaforiku a obraznost. and The article concentrates on the theme that has been so far neglected by Czech scholars. It outlines the natural philosophy of Tommaso Campanella OP (1568–1639) with focus on his cosmology, astrology, magic, medicine and prophetic visions. Some of his antiaristotelian theses are emphasized and – last but not least – some parallels, analogies and intersections with either earlier (Dante, Ficino...) or contemporary (Comenius, Galileo...) thinkers are pointed out. The conclusion, that Campanella does not belong to proponents of the modern science but rather to the older Renasissance hermetic-magic-neoplatonic tradition, should not overshadow the literary and rhetorical quality of his works, above all his use of metaphors and his poetic imagery.
The Florentine historian and politician, Francesco Guicciardini, played a key role in Renaissance culture and his works contributed to the heated debate between the Catholic and Reformed churches. A diplomat and adviser to the Medici Family and the Papacy, his work left a crucial mark during his lifetime, and between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries his texts made the long journey through Europe, meeting with considerable appreciation. Leading thinkers, editors, printers, kings and military leaders published,and read his works, and this paper aims to shed light upon this important moment in the dissemination of Renaissance culture.
This paper is focused on image of Turks and Ottoman expansion to the Europe in croatian and serbian sources from the middle of the 14th to the middle of the 17th century. It presents and explains frequent phenomenons connected to Turks, development of the image of Turks through the three centuries and the differences in serbian and croatian enviroments.