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142. Genderová revoluce: Nerovnoměrná a zastavená

Creator:
England, Paula
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, vzdělanost, vzdělávání, zaměstnanost žen, práva žen, education, educational attainment, employment of women, women's rights, race, class, work/occupations, 18, and 316.4
Language:
Czech
Description:
In this article, the author describes sweeping changes in the gender system and ofers explanations for why change has been uneven. Because the devaluation of activities done by women has changed little, women have had strong incentive to enter male jobs, but men have had little incentive to take on female activities or jobs. he gender egalitarianism that gained traction was the notion that women should have access to upward mobility and to all areas of schooling and jobs. But persistent gender essentialism means that most people follow gender -typical paths except when upward mobility is impossible otherwise. Middle-class women entered managerial and professional jobs more than working -class women inte grated blue-collar jobs because the latter were able to move up while choosing a “female“ occupation; many mothers of middle-class women were already in the highest-status female occupations. he author also notes a number of gender-egalitarian trends that have stalled., Paula England., Poznámky, Přeloženo z angličtiny, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Abstrakt a klíčová slova anglicky
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

143. Genderová rovnost v akademickém prostředí

Creator:
Šprtová, Hana
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Společenské vědy, Evropská unie., Rámcový program pro výzkum a technologický rozvoj, 7., genderová studia, rovnost (kategorie), mezinárodní konference, gender studies, equality, international conferences, 18, and 3
Language:
Czech
Description:
On October 14.-15, 2015 the Global Change Research Centre of the CAS organized an international conference within the project of FP7 - EGERA. The need for gender mainstreaming in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is obvious, however in many STEM disciplines gender reflexion is in the very beginning. This is also the case of the climate and global change research where this complex interdisciplinary approach should also be aware of gender aspects. Conference speakers were international experts in gender in science and stakeholders of gender mainstreaming processes in the academia. and Hana Šprtová.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

144. Genderová slepota, citlivost, nebo provokace?: polohy a možnosti překladu

Creator:
Kalivodová, Eva
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, překlady, gender in translation, the gender of a text, feminist translation, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
Explaining which circumstances, influences and phenomena enter into the gender of a text, the paper considers the conditions of its translatability. In the first part, examples of English -Czech translations of non -literary and literary texts are chosen for discussion. It is argued that even texts with a feminist potential, i.e. texts in whose themes and forms gender issues are highlighted as an apparent result of the author’s political intention or imaginative work, can lose this potential in the process of being translated into Czech. This is the case in the work of translators who are blind to gender manifestations in the text, and/or who suppress the gender of the translated text in accord with the cultural, textual, and language norms of the target (Czech) culture. In contrast with the quite frequent “gender blindness” of Czech translators, the article in its second part discusses the provocative concepts and approaches of Feminist Translation – a critical discourse and translation practice with its roots in the 1970s Québec. Though a few Czech translations are close to Feminist Translation, the main benefit of introducing it into the Czech milieu is to make the gender of a text an issue, and to work for its acknowledgement through small concrete steps., Eva Kalivodová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

145. Genderovanost univerzitního bádání v kontextu Slovenska: Szapuová, M., Kiczková, Z., Zezulková, J. (eds.). Na ceste k rodovej rovnosti: ženy a muži v akademickom prostredí

Creator:
Hana Maříková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, rovné postavení mužů a žen, akademická povolání, trh práce, rovnost příležitostí, feministická filozofie, gender equality, academic career, labor market, equal opportunity, feminist philosophy, women scientists, vědkyně, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
[autor recenze] Hana Maříková., Poznámky na s. 95, and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

146. Genderové inovace v malém podnikání. Institucionální podmínky a dosahování genderové (ne)rovnosti u podnikatelských párů

Creator:
Dlouhá, Marie, Jurik, Nancy, and Křízková, Alena
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociologie, slaďování rodinného a pracovního života, gender, work-life balance, gender in entrepreneurship, copreneurs, gender innovation, institutional conditions, gender equality, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
Using the so-called embeddedness perspective, this article highlights the importance of context (time, space and institutions) for the direction of current research on the gender structure of entrepreneurship. The authors focus mainly on the effects of institutional context, namely tax and family policies, on business couples (copreneurs). The emphasis is on how these factors and formal institutions, which are reflected in informal gender norms, influence the work-life balance strategies of copreneurs. Based on a qualitative analysis of 24 in-depth interviews, the authors identify three strategies of achieving work-life balance and using welfare state measures: individualistic, adapting and innovating. Based on separate in-depth interviews with these business and life partners, we are also able to analyse the dynamics of communication between them. We draw attention to the finding that the strategies identified are not exclusive and may change during one’s life course and business career. Despite their differences, in some respects all these strategies preserve and reproduce gender inequality because it is embedded in the social context and institutional framework for economic activity and work-life balance in the Czech Republic., Marie Dlouhá, Nancy Jurik, Alena Křížková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

147. Genderové nerovnosti v odměňování na stejné pracovní pozici: jeden z faktorů sociálního vyloučení žen

Creator:
Alena Křížková, Penner, Andrew M, and Petersen, Trond
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, ženy, sociální vyloučení, diskriminace, trh práce, mzdy, women, social exclusion, discrimination, labor market, wages, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
Using company-level data from the Czech Republic dating from the years 1998, 2002, and 2004, the article examines whether the introduction of legislative measures aimed at gender equality in connection with the country’s accession to the European Union had significant effects on gender wage gaps. The main conclusion of the analysis is that within-job wage discrimination is a significant factor in the Czech labour market and that there were no substantive changes during the period studied. Women doing the same job in the same company earn about 10 per cent less than men in the Czech Republic. Much of the gender wage gap can be explained by horizontal and vertical gender segregation of the labour market. The lowest gender wage gaps are found in firms and groups of employees that are representative of or have strong ties to the socialist past. The article concludes with speculations about whether motherhood and the double-burden of women, combined with the lack of respect and authority accorded the path dependent legal system, results in legislative changes having little impact on practices in Czech society and in persistence gender wage discrimination., Alena Křížková, Andrew M. Penner, Trond Petersen., 3 tabulky, and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

149. Genderové nerovnosti ve stáří: marginalizace a znevýhodnění žen ve stáří

Creator:
Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, stáří, senioři, ženy, sociální nerovnost, marginalizace, old age, older people, women, social inequality, marginalisation, 18, and 316.4/.7
Language:
Czech
Description:
Ageing is process that is always gendered. Gender shapes the life biography and the norms and expectations that are imposed on individuals as they age. On the other hand, the experience of ageing affects the mechanism of creating and negotiating gender identity. This article critically discusses debates surrounding gender inequalities in old age. These debates often focus on older women as a group that is highly disadvantaged owing to the combined effects of sexism and ageism. This article critically discusses this “problem of old women” and shows alternative views of women’s experiences of ageing. It highlights the necessity to understand age and gender as two intertwining systems. It points out that ageing can in many respects create room for a redefinition of gender roles and expectation. The intersection of age and gender cannot be seen as a simple combination of two categories and must instead be viewed as a process that creates a specific social location, which can generate new forms of inequalities., Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

150. Genderové praktiky v konstrukci akademické excelence: ovce s pěti nohama

Creator:
Brink, Marieke van den and Benschop, Yvonne
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, akademická povolání, construction of excellence, gender practices, inequality, meritocracy, recruitment and selection, women in academia, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
Academic excellence is allegedly a universal and gender neutral standard of merit. This article examines exactly what is constructed as academic excellence at the micro-level, how evaluators operationalize this construct in the criteria they apply in academic evaluation, and how gender inequalities are imbued in the construction and evaluation of excellence. We challenge the view that the academic world is governed by the normative principle of meritocracy in its allocation of rewards and resources. Based on an empirical study of professorial appointments in the Netherlands, we argue that academic excellence is an evasive social construct that is inherently gendered. We show how gender is practiced in the evaluation of professorial candidates, resulting in disadvantages for women and privileges for men that accumulate to produce substantial inequalities in the construction of excellence., Marieke van den Brink, Yvonne Benschop., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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