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12. Prolegomenon to any future critical responses to naturalism
- Creator:
- Giladi, Paul
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- scientific naturalism, critical social theory, alienation, power, and Placement Problem
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- In this paper, I propose a programme for future critical responses to naturalism. The paper is divided into two principal parts. In Part I, after providing a topography of contemporary critical approaches to the Placement Problem, which is the operational logic of naturalism, I provide an overview of a burgeoning critical response to naturalism, which, to date, may be predominantly individuated by hostility towards the Placement Problem in two interconnected manners: an epistemic concern and a political concern. Part II of the paper focuses on four areas of future research on critical responses to naturalism arising from themes identified in Part I: the first is a challenge set by Antonio Nunziante concerning the historical and political aspects of American humanism and naturalism; the second involves centring and combining decolonial and queer theoretic discursive formations to enhance critical theoretic responses to naturalism; the third emphasises the need to put Hegel and Otto Neurath in direct conversation about anti-foundationalism, pragmatism, and the (dis)unity of science, in part to dismantle the long-standing hostility between Hegelians and logical empiricists; the fourth is on the subject of developing a critique of sexology’s scientific naturalist framework for making sense of sexual arousal.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
13. Regere animas : Bernard of Clairvaux's ways of handling heresy as a technology of power
- Creator:
- Noutsou, Stamatia
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- Bernard of Clairvaux, heresy, persecution, power, subjectivity, governance, and Study of Religions
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Bernard of Clairvaux's engagement in the struggle against heresy in the 12th century has so far been understood as a logical result of his ecclesiology. In his effort to defend the unity of Christianity, the abbot fought against heresy, as, for him, it represented a major threat to the Church. However, the reverse question of what Bernard's anti-heretical writing brings to the understanding of his ecclesiology has remained almost entirely unexplored, despite the importance of these polemical writings for the "discovery" of Bernard. This article seeks to fill this gap by placing Bernard's anti-heretical discourse at the centre of inquiry in order to understand a crucial aspect of his ecclesiology and to follow how this ecclesiology was realized through specific means against heresy, these functioning as disciplinary practices. Using the theoretical works of Michel Foucault and Talal Asad and insights of modern sociology, the goal is to examine both the way in which the means against heresy operated and the logic behind them. In this way, the article demonstrates the process through which a discourse is articulated and imposed on society and, at the same time, through which a specific subjectivity is shaped and regulated.
- Rights:
- unknown
14. Rozporuplné diskursy otcovství
- Creator:
- Dudová, Radka
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fatherhood, discourse, and power
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Fatherhood has experienced many transformations in the past years, as well as the institution of family and relationships between partners, parents and children. The social science discourse reflects those changes, but quite often through a prism of values and ideologies, and only rarely is gender neutral. This article presents today's discourses of fatherhood, their paradoxes and one way streets in which they sometimes end. Fathers today and especially those living in some of the ''new'' family arrangement (divorced fathers, step fathers, lone fathers...) find themselves in a situation where no clear cultural models or scenarios of behaviour exist. Public and scientific discourses of fatherhood are divided between the image of a ''new'' involved father on one side and of the ''feckless'' father on the other. Both images are often used and misused to political purposes, but don't really reflect the reality of contemporary fatherhood.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15. Scénáře donucovací moci u studentů učitelství na praxi: studentka Alice
- Creator:
- Lojdová, Kateřina and Lukas, Josef
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- donucovací moc, kvalitativní výzkum, moc, studenti učitelství, coercive power, qualitative research, power, student teachers, and Educational Sciences
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Moc jako schopnost ovlivňovat postoje, hodnoty a jednání je základní charakteristikou vyučovacího procesu. Potřeba vyjednání mocenského uspořádání v procesu vyučování vyvstává zejména u začínajících učitelů a studentů na praxi, kteří mají oborové znalosti, ale potýkají s jejich předáváním v sociálním prostředí školní třídy. V tomto textu zkoumáme moc u studentů učitelství v průběhu jejich dlouhodobé praxe a zaměřujeme se na jednu z bází moci dle typologie Frenche a Ravena (1959) – na moc donucovací. Donucovací moc studenta učitelství vychází z potřeby žáků vyhnout se trestu nebo jeho hrozbě. Na základě kvalitativní analýzy přepisů nahrávek z výuky studentky Alice identifikujeme čtyři typy donucovací moci. Tyto typy donucovací moci jsou uspořádány do určitých struktur, které naz ýváme scénáři. Popisujeme dva protichůdné scénáře – scénář gradace donucovací moci a scénář rezignace na donucovací moc a diskutujeme jejich důsledky pro vytvoření konstruktivního klimatu školní třídy. and Power as the ability of a person to influence the opinions, values, and behaviour of others is a fundamental characteristic of the teaching. Power negotiation is especially essential for student teachers, who are knowledgeable in their chosen subjects yet may struggle to pass on information in the social environment of the classroom. This paper examines power and its distribution by student teachers during their long-term practice. It focuses on coercive power, which is a type of power described in French and Raven's (1959) typology of power. Coercive power exerted by a student teacher stems from the need of pupils to avoid punishment or its imminent threat. Based on a qualitative analysis of video-recordings of classes taught by student teacher Alice, the paper identifies four types of coercive powet, which it arranges into different structures or scenarios. The paper describes two conflicting scenarios—one in which coercive power escalates and another in which it diminishes. Finally, the paper discusses the consequences of both scenarios and the influence which they have on the creation of a constructive learning environment.
- Rights:
- unknown
16. Svedomie, verejný priestor a ich hranice v myslení Hannah Arendtovej
- Creator:
- Zvarík, Michal
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- Hannah Arendtová, svedomie, myslenie, konanie, pluralita, moc, Hannah Arendt, conscience, thinking, action, plurality, power, and Philosophy
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Článok sa venuje téme svedomia v myslení Hannah Arendtovej a otázke, za akých podmienok sa môže svedomie ukázať vo verejnej oblasti. Článok je rozdelený na štyri časti. Prvá načrtáva Arendtovej motiváciu pre prehodnotenie pojmu svedomia, ktorá vyplynula zo snahy vyrovnať sa s povahou politických zločinov 20. storočia a banalitou zla. V druhej časti sú predstavené dve konštitutívne charakteristiky svedomia. Na jednej strane si Ja svedomia osvojuje negatívny odstup od morálnych pravidiel, ktoré zastáva väčšinová spoločnosť. Na druhej strane sa pozitívne opiera o sebazáujem, čiže o bezrozpornosť vo vzťahu k sebe samému. Oba tieto kľúčové rysy svedomia vyrastajú z aktivity myslenia. Tretia časť sa zameriava na konfliktný vzťah individuálneho svedomia k politickej oblasti. V záverečnej časti autor kladie otázku, či je pojem svedomia možné politicky ospravedlniť a predstavuje podmienky pre ochranu svedomia vo verejnej sfére. and The article is addressed to the issue of conscience in the thought of Hannah Arendt and to the question under what conditions conscience can become manifest in the public sphere. The article is divided into four parts. The first renders Arendt's motivation to reconsider the concept of conscience, which results from an endeavour to come to terms with the nature of political crimes of the 20th century and the banality of evil. In the second part, two constitutive qualities of conscience are presented. On the one hand, conscientious Self adopts a negative distance from moral rules held by wide society. On the other hand, it positively relies on self-interest, that is, on non-contradiction in relation to oneself. Both of these crucial qualities of conscience arise from the activity of thinking. The third part addresses the conflicting relation of individual conscience to the public sphere. In the final part, the author asks the question whether the concept of conscience can be politically justified and sets the conditions for a defence of freedom of conscience in the public space.
- Rights:
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International and unknown
17. The Chinese model, the Chinese dream and the mandate of heaven
- Creator:
- Miloš Balabán and Michal Tomášek
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- reformy, právo, politický systém, reforms, law, political system, model, economic growth, power, communist party, mandate of heaven, vision, Chinese National Rejuvenation, Chinese Dream, 16, and 34
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The four decades of breath-taking political and economic changes in China raise a host of questions about the governance of this, in many ways unique, world power. The authors analyse the economic, political and historical context of the origins and operation of the present-day Chinese political model, the country’s legal system and the role of the Communist Party in the Chinese society, similar in many ways to the role previously played by China’s imperial dynasties. They also highlight the new trends in Chinese domestic politics and foreign policy of the late 2010s, which bear witness to a sustained effort of the Chinese political leadership to enhance China’s great-power status on the global stage., Miloš Balabán, Michal Tomášek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
18. The image of pagan and Christian rulers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the second half of the 13th and first half of the 14th centuries in German chronicles
- Creator:
- Ryier, Yanina
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- ruler, king, Christianity, Paganism, image, power, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Auxiliary Historical Sciences, and History
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This article deals with the image of the first rulers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in German chronicles. The aim of the work is to reconstruct the image of Pagan and Christian rulers of the emerging state, marking out similarities and differences, and to characterize the legitimacy of their status as monarchs in the eyes of German chroniclers based on the religion of the Lithuanian dukes. The article mainly focuses on Mindaugas, Vytenis and Gediminas, the most powerful and dynamic figures from the initial period of the foundation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
- Rights:
- unknown
19. The welfare (social) state, European Union and globalization
- Creator:
- Blahož, Josef
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- power, law, state, poverty, social policy, welfare state, social state, liberal welfare state, conservative corporate welfare state, residual welfare state, social democratic welfare state, institutional welfare state, regional welfare state, ideal type and real type of the welfare state, mixed system of the welfare state, reforms of welfare states, and transformations of welfare states
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The relation of power, state, law and poverty. State according to law (Rule of Law) and social policy. The origin, definition and development of the welfare state. Welfare state in the framework of the European Union. The relation of the welfare state and social state. Constitutional, legal and socio-economical targets of the welfare (social) state. The welfare state typologies. The three worlds of the welfare state. Global processes and the welfare state reforms and transformations. Welfare state and bureaucracy, centralization and de- centralization in the implementations of the welfare state. The welfare state and highly developed countries and central european countries of the European Unio
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
20. Vliv znečištění atmosféry na výkonnost solárních panelů
- Creator:
- Vašina, Martin and Fojtů, Dušan
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- solar radiation, solar panel, atmospheric pollution, power, electrical energy, sluneční záření, solární panel, znečistění atmosféry, výkon, and elektrická energie
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Direct transformation of solar radiation energy into electrical energy is realized through solar panels. The efficiency of the energetic transformation is very low. It is influenced by many factors, mainly by used semiconductor material of solar panels and incidence angle of solar radiation on solar panels. The aim of the paper is to examine an influence of atmospheric pollution on solar panels efficiency. and Přímá transformace energie slunečního záření v elektrickou energii se uskutečňuje prostřednictvím solárních panelů. Účinnost této energetické přeměny je velmi nízká. Je ovlivněna mnoha faktory, především použitým polovodičovým materiálem solárních panelů a úhlem dopadu slunečního záření na solární panely. Předmětem tohoto příspěvku je posouzení vlivu znečištění atmosféry na výkonnost solárních panelů.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public