The article is devoted to the enterprise and state reactions against the impact of economic crisis on business R&D and innovation. It analyses strategic approaches and solution of enterprises during the crisis period with respect to ensuring competitiveness when the economy rebounds. There are used findings from surveys realised in the Czech Republic as well. The article is concluding with the context of general environment for business R&D by analysis of economic stimulus packages introduced by governments as measures in response to the crisis. and Karel Mráček.
The article presents an overview of the research problems that frame the conceptual context of the project “Transition form imitations to innovations as social and cultural process”. The title of the project indicates a main perspective of the analysis. The current rise of knowledge society is a complex process in which so far unconnected elements are being connected. Culture, innovation, and knowledge and their interactions are identified as the key agents of the followed process. The role of culture in knowledge and innovation has been so far underestimated, although intuitively it has always been perceived as crucial. In this respect, the issue of transfer - let it be technological, institutional, or cultural transfer - deserves a foremost research attention. The same applies to the spatial dimension of culture - innovation - knowledge interactions, as these gain a new relevance and meaning in the context of globalization and regionalization. and Jiří Loudín.
In the paper asymptotic properties of functionals of stationary Gibbs particle processes are derived. Two known techniques from the point process theory in the Euclidean space Rd are extended to the space of compact sets on Rd equipped with the Hausdorff metric. First, conditions for the existence of the stationary Gibbs point process with given conditional intensity have been simplified recently. Secondly, the Malliavin-Stein method was applied to the estimation of Wasserstein distance between the Gibbs input and standard Gaussian distribution. We transform these theories to the space of compact sets and use them to derive a Gaussian approximation for functionals of a planar Gibbs segment process.
The study compiled as a part of EU prject ProAct ("Practical Regional Research and Innovation Policy in Action - the Efficient Tools for Regional Catching-up in New Member States" (Regions of Knowledge - FP6). The regional practices of innovation policy in eight EU member states are presented in case studies, elaborated for one region in each country with South Moravia representing the Czech Republic. South Moravian innovation policy is analyzed in three fundamental dimensions: strategy formation, policy deployment, and practices at the programme level. These are the constituent elements of the process that was defined by the ProAct consortium as so called "ProAct policy learning cycle". THe benchmark methodology (The ProAct Benchmarking Framework) was applied in the case studies to explore good pracices in regional innovation and research policy. In the study, the role of South Moravian Innovation Centre (JIC - Jihomoravské innovační centrum) is highlighted., Jiří Loudín, Adolf Filáček, Michal Kostka, Kateřina Tydláčková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury.
This article assesses efforts to develop "open innovation". First, open innovation is put in the framework of knowledge society. It is shown that the term open innovation refers tu such different cases that it is better to assess them separately. Chesbrough´s "open innovation", the "lead user" conception, the idea of "commons-based-peer-production" and "interactive value production" is shortly explored. "Incertitude" is overviewed as basic background that urges societal praxis to turn to open innovation. At the end the article, referring to an expert material worked out for the EC DG Research, called with abbreviation TEKSS, turns interest to extending open innovation by integrating concerned groups as innovation partners as engagement, i.e. as partners though the whole innovation process., Imre Hronzsky, Ágnes Fésüs., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The paper is describing the current state of intermediation services in CZ NUTZ 2 Region Prague, based on results of ongoing SUPER-SME Project of FP6. It is possible to identify an important role of itnermediaries in research, development, and innovation activities. The intermediation aims at otpimizing supply of scientific and technological services, with demad of RTDI companies and organizations or any other actors using or interested in using these services, e.g. national or regional stakeholders. S&T intermediary is defined as a public, private, or public/private (non-profit) instition with a mission of optimizing interface between supply of sicentific and technological services and demand of an enterpirse, groups of enterpirses, or any institution in this respect. Universities, research centrers, private companies, or technology transfer centers can play a role of S&T intermediary., Adolf Filáček., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The aim of this paper is to show how the theory of an active society by Amitai Etzioni can provide a theoretical framework for the study of innovation processes - in particular social innovation, which is generally defined here as the implementation of a new social practice aimed at solving social problems and/or meeting social needs. An active society is a society in which collectivities (social groups) have the potential to articulate values and needs, to participate in consensus building processes and decision processes, to develop organisational structures and to realise values through collective social action. This paper discusses the general differentiation and interrelation between culture, structure and agency which is the fundament of the theory of an active society and additionally presents a systematisation which combines these domains with the “elements” (consciousness, commitment, knowledge, power) and “processes” (consensus building, mobilisation, decision making, control/guidance) that Etzioni perceives as the main dimensions of the active orientation. This systematisation can be seen as an adaptation of Etzioni’s theory which tries to make the interrelation between different theoretical dimensions more explicit. and Alexander Kesselring.