Social work as an institutionalized profession aims to promote and defend human rights and social justice regardless of gender, sexual orientation and other grounds. Rooted in Christianity, it is partly performed by religious organizations and religious people. Consequently, conservative values may orient the profession, thus conflicting with the rights of lesbians and gays. The aim of the article is to present the risks of social worker’s oppressive action toward same--sex parents, and to suggest possibilities how to avoid such ethical misconduct. First, we present a dilemma of social work arising from the tension between ethical principles of equality and non -discrimination on the one hand and conservative norms on the other hand. Then, we introduce individual oppressive tendencies which are manifested in the discourse “on homosexuality” in Czech social work and how these may transform into social worker’s oppressive action. Finally, we propose practical suggestions that can support anti -oppressive social work in the Czech Republic.
In this interview with documentary filmmaker Apolena Rychlíková, Anna Šabatová, one of the most remarkable figures of modern Czechoslovak history, considers not only the intellectual foundations of Charter 77 and the dissident movement, but also what shaped Šabatová’s personal background. The interview introduces an often-overlooked continuity between dissent and critical approaches to the post-communist era. This continuity is present in the humanistic, left-wing thought of Anna Šabatová, stemming from the tradition of the Czechoslovak democratic left, which permeates her whole life, not only philosophically and intellectually, but above all practically. Anna Šabatová’s lifelong efforts for a more just society have never stopped, connecting the period before 1989 with the period that followed.
The application of human rights in horizontal direction between non state actors has been debated issue. Allowing breach of human rights by non state actors only because they are not the state does not seem to be sustainable in the future. The article first presents style of application of human rights indirectly in front of European Court of Human Rights and the U.S. Supreme Court and comes to example of direct application model in Switzerland, citing also alternatives how human rights could be treated with reference to recognized authors in the field. Besides some established precedents, new wave cases are present in the legal environment of sports or entertainment sectors to be viewed as the challenge for the continuing discussion in this area of law.
The article analyses international legal framework, preconditions of realization of the right to religious education in Lithuania and other European Union (EU) states during compulsory education, discusses certain issues related to ensuring and implementing the right of religious education in Lithuania and other European Union (EU) states. Right to religious education arises from the coherent fundamental rights, such as freedom of religion, conscience and thought, right to choose or change beliefs, right to educate one’s children according to one’s convictions, right and duty to study until certain age, freedom to choose religious studies for one’s children. Due to the processes of globalization society becomes increasingly culturally heterogeneous, therefore, states carry a complex task to equally ensure different individual interests related to religious education. Majority of EU states are required to ensure education of children according religious convictions of their parents and needs of the children themselves.
Lidská práva tzv. druhé generace nejsou právy absolutními a v zásadě se jich lze domáhat jen vmezích prováděcích zákonů.Ústavní soud však považuje i tato práva za práva základní, byť s ohledem na čl. 41 Listiny základních práv a svobod nejsou aplikovatelná přímo. Sama Listina je však živým organismem; proto je nutné zvažovat, zda zásahem do sociálního práva nedošlo k porušení základního práva na lidskou důstojnost. Jde zejména o případy, kdy zásah do sociálního práva dosahuje takové intenzity, že se dotýká jeho vlastní podstaty. Legální definice pojmu „lidská důstojnost“ sice neexistuje. Její pojetí je však rozpracováno v uznávaném komentáři k Listině a v judikatuře Ústavního soudu. S ochranou lidské důstojnosti souvisí i ústavní princip rovnosti. Ochrana principu rovnosti bývá spojena i se zákazem diskriminace; ta může nabýt takového stupně, že vyvolá i porušení základního práva na lidskou důstojnost. Tu vyvstala otázka možné existence tzv. kolektivní diskriminace, např. u větší skupiny zaměstnanců konkrétního pracoviště; při materiálním pohledu na právo diskriminaci takového druhu a priori vyloučit nelze. Zde se argumentuje i čl. 34 Úmluvy o ochraně lidských práv a základních svobod, která stížnosti
skupiny osob připouští. and Human rights of the so-called second generation are not absolute and in principle can be claimed only within the limits of implementing laws.However, Constitutional Court also consideres these rights as fundamental rights, despite Article 41 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
which makes them not directly applicable. The Charter itself is a living organism; it is therefore necessary to consider whether by intervening into social law, fundamental right to human dignity was not infringed. This is particularly the case where the intervention of social rights reaches such
intensity that touches its own merits. The legal definition of “human dignity” still does not exist. Its concept is elaborated in the acclaimed commentary on the Charter and in the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court. Protection of human dignity is related to the constitutional principle of equality. Protecting the principle of equality is also associated with the prohibition of discrimination; it can acquire such a degree that causes a breach of the fundamental right to human dignity. That raised the question of the possible existence of multiple discrimination, for example in a larger group of employees of a particular workplace; from the material law point of view, discrimination of this kind can not be excluded a priori.
V sociální a politické teorii dnes stojíme před úkolem komplexního uchopení paradigmatu globálních interakcí charakterizovaného pluralitou sociálních aktérů a zájmových konfliktů. Založení kritické teorie globálních interakcí je spojeno s řešením teoreticko-metodologických otázek i věcných problémů analýzy a interpretace. Jde o poměr kritické analýzy reálných procesů a normativněutopické projekce sociální změny. Věcné problémy jsou spojeny s analýzou předpokladů a překážek utváření globální společnosti a politiky a s tím, jak jsou vymezovány ve své komplexitě., In social and political theory today we are presented with the task of arriving at a complex understanding of the paradigm of global interaction in which there is a plurality of social actors and conflicts of interest. The grounding of a critical theory of global interactions is connected with a resolution of theoretico-methodological questions and of detailed problems of analysis and interpretation. At issue is the relation between a critical analysis of realistic processes and normatively-utopian projections of social change. The detailed problems are connected with an analysis of the assumptions and obstacles when creating a global society and global politics, and with the question of how they are to be defined in their complexity., and Oleg Suša.