Markéta Škodová v tomto čísle mluvila s Ing. Josefem Bečvářem o situaci ve výzkumu veřejného mínění v 60. a 70.letech, a také o jeho působení v Ústavu veřejného mínění. Ing. Josef Bečvář (* 1929) byl v letech 1967-1972 výzkumným pracovníkem Ústavu pro výzkum veřejného mínění Československé akademie věd. Předkládaný rozhovor s tímto sociologem je součástí kontinuální snahy CVVM o mapování různých aspektů dějin výzkumu veřejného mínění v České, resp. Československé republice., Markéta Škodová., and Seznam literatury
The aim of this article is to present a specific method for the study of the life-course, which focuses on life-course trajectories as a whole through the use of sequence analysis. In the first part, two approaches for the quantitative analysis of the life-course are distinguished: an event-oriented perspective and a trajectory-based (holistic) perspective. The holistic perspective is based on sequence analysis and more specifically on optimal matching. The trajectory-based perspective does not focus on single life events, but on whole sequences of events. In the second part, using the Czech wave of the ISSP 2002 dataset, which includes partnership and family histories, this article presents several examples of the use of sequence analysis of family trajectories. This study shows that sequence analysis can help identify patterns associated with typical and distinctive life-course trajectories., Jana Chaloupková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The article examines the Czech educational praxis toward integration of immigrant children. Although the number of immigrant children increased during past several years, Czech national educational policy still lacks specific measures which would systematically promote inclusive education and integration of immigrant children. The article aims to describe the experience of schools with integration of immigrant children at schools, and to identify the most important barriers that prevent full participation of immigrant children according to accounts of interviewees. Based on 21 in-depth interviews with representatives of school staff in 11 Prague public-sector základní škola (ISCED 1+2) with higher share of immigrant children (5-20 %), the paper provides insight into diverse into the ways how schools deal with immigrant children, families´ acculturation strategies and inclusive educational policy. The article concludes with a discussion of “immigrant paradox”, highly achieving minorities (particularly Vietnamese students)., Kateřina Vojtíšková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Focusing on a subject largely neglected in mainstream Czech social stratification research so far, this study seeks to examine to what extent tertiary educational attainment and educational mobility are affected by personal factors, such as personality traits, physical attractiveness, and self-esteem. It is based on data drawn from a large-scale representative survey carried out in the Czech Republic (Neglected Human Capital Dimensions 2015) as the second follow-up to the OECD PIAAC project. The results show that physical attractiveness plays a significant role in tertiary educational attainment, especially in the humanities and social-science disciplines. As for personality traits, Openness to Experience and Extraversion are more beneficial for humanities degrees, whereas Neuroticism significantly decreases a person’s chances of obtaining a degree in science. Conscientiousness and Self-esteem have a positive impact on upward educational mobility. The study also finds that there are some gender differences in the strength of the effect of personality factors, and that this is especially true for the trait of Agreeableness., Petra Anýžová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The aim of the paper is to present and analyse the current state of perpetrator programmes in Eastern European and Baltic countries as this issue has barely been raised in the literature. It is connected to the fact that in described region such programmes are still relatively new phenomena and, compared to other European Union countries (mostly in Western and Northern Europe), the number of the programmes is still insufficient. Moreover, the number and character of the perpetrator programmes in Eastern European and Baltic countries is to a large extent determined by traditional gender relations, glorification of the traditional family and specific definitions of masculinities and femininities, as well as by the nature of the anti-violence legislation that exists in particular countries. The presented findings result from research on the specificity of work with perpetrators of domestic violence in the region. The analysis is based on the cases of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland. It is to a large extent the result of research conducted within the Daphne III project IMPACT: Evaluation of European Perpetrator Programmes (2013-2014) and of analysis of national reports delivered by country experts for a project conducted by the Work with Perpetrators - European Network in 2013., Katarzyna Wojnicka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The paper aims to critically analyze the construction of feminist East/West debates in the context of the anthology Gender Politics and Post -Communism (Funk, Mueller 1993). It does so from the perspective of other critical feminist voices as well as global power relations, taking effect in the international feminist academic community. Its starting point are discussions related to differences among women in feminist theories, which started in the 1980s and, in relation to them, the concept of “discursive colonization” (Chandra Talpade Mohanty), which underscores the effects of power/knowledge (Foucault) in international feminist research related to women in Third World contexts. The analysis in the second part of the paper focuses on the contributions by Nanette Funk, Hana Havelková and Jiřina Šiklová, which have been, in the literature, repeatedly related to the feminist East/West debates. Based on this analysis I argue that the central focus on differences along the “East”/“West” dividing line is the cornerstone of these debates, but, at the same time, it masks the power relations which co -create them. The point is an interaction of the East/West hierarchy with an essentialist and theoretically limited notion of Western feminism. Departing from that, I track how this interaction has shaped further developments of the debates, and explore how a non -essentialist understanding of Western feminism and, in relation to that, a turn toward examining the reproduction of global power relations through mainstream feminist analytical approaches, makes it possible to go beyond the identified limits of feminist East/West debates. and Obsahuje bibliografii