In this article, a comparison is made between economic and identity explanations of preferences toward EU membership in the Czech Republic. This research demonstrates that economics rather than identity is a more powerful explanation of public opinion on accession. With regard to economic explanations of public support for integration three models are examined - a winners and losers model, an international trade liberalisation model, and a foreign direct investment model. A comparison of these three models shows that support for accession was primarily based on attitudes toward foreign direct investment. Moreover, contemplating employment opportunities within the EU following accession was also an important factor. Contrary to previous research the empirical evidence presented in this article suggests that being a winner or loser in the post-communist transition process was not the strongest factor explaining popular support for membership. The results presented should not be taken to imply that instrumental rather than ideological or affect-based motivations determine general attitudes toward integration. On the specific question of vote choice in the accession referendum instrumental economic considerations were most important.
Jachymski showed that the set $$ \bigg \{(x,y)\in {\bf c}_0\times {\bf c}_0\colon \bigg (\sum _{i=1}^n \alpha (i)x(i)y(i)\bigg )_{n=1}^\infty \text {is bounded}\bigg \} $$ is either a meager subset of ${\bf c}_0\times {\bf c}_0$ or is equal to ${\bf c}_0\times {\bf c}_0$. In the paper we generalize this result by considering more general spaces than ${\bf c}_0$, namely ${\bf C}_0(X)$, the space of all continuous functions which vanish at infinity, and ${\bf C}_b(X)$, the space of all continuous bounded functions. Moreover, we replace the meagerness by $\sigma $-porosity.
The transformation of spatial structures due to the migration flows is reflected not only in forms of interactions between representatives of a majority and minorities, but also in forms of implementation of integration strategies. The study shows that the implementation of integration strategies towards non-EU immigrants is strongly contextually conditioned: the demand (within the limits of available financial and human resources) determines the offer. The study evaluated integration measures applied by public and private stakeholders in selected areas with the aim to promote the integration of non-EU immigrants into the local labour market during the current economic crisis.
V článku je předložen model narativní komplexity. Jako východiska modelu jsou využity Todorovův pojem „narativní transformace“ a Brunerův koncept „potíž“. Narativní transformace je chápána jako to, „co vyprávění dělá s konstitutivní potíží“. S využitím těchto pojmů je narativní komplexita definována jako diferenciace a integrace různých aspektů narativní transformace. Pojem narativní komplexita poukazuje jak k dispozici, tak také k procesu i výsledku narativního ztvárnění zkušenosti v její složitosti, úplnosti a proměnlivosti. Model umožňuje včlenit do jednoho logicky konzistentního rámce různé aspekty narativní komplexity, tak jak byly doposud koncipovány z různých dílčích teoretických či praktických hledisek. Předložený model sestává z osmi souvisejících aspektů: 1) diferenciace a integrace tématu vyprávění, 2) diferenciace a integrace aktérství, 3) diferenciace a integrace narativní konstrukce, 4) diferenciace a integrace ztvárnění hodnot a přesvědčení, 5) diferenciace a integrace na rovině reflexe, 6) diferenciace a integrace hledisek a perspektiv, 7) diferenciace a integrace utváření postav, 8) diferenciace a integrace na rovině komunikačního a sociokulturního kontextu. Na závěr jsou zmíněny některé teoretické a empirické možnosti předloženého modelu., Model of narrative complexity is articulated. Todorov’s concept of “narrative transformation” and Bruner’s concept of “trouble” are used as a frame of narrative complexity conceptualization. Narrative transformation is presented as “something what story telling does with constitutive trouble”. Narrative complexity is thus defined as a differentiation and integration of various aspects of narrative transformation. Narrative complexity refers both to disposition and also to the process and to the result of narrative experience constructing in its complicatedness, completeness, and changeableness. The model enables to incorporate various aspects of narrative complexity from different theoretical and practical perspectives into one consistent framework. The presented model consists of eight interconnected aspects: 1) differentiation and integration of topic storytelling, 2) differentiation and integration of agency, 3) differentiation and integration of narrative construction, 4) differentiation and integration of values and believes embodiment, 5) differentiation and integration at the level of reflection, 6) differentiation and integration of different perspectives, 7) differentiation and integration of characters (protagonists), 8) differentiation and integration in communication and socio-cultural contexts. Theoretical and empirical consequences of the model are also discussed., Vladimír Chrz, Ivo Čermák., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
When evaluating German inhabitants memories relating to the 1946 expulsion, the significant criteria are the age and the gender of those participating, which have a crucial influence on the participants´ attitude to the events they experienced. The theme of the memories includes mainly preparations for the expulsion, farewell to home, hardships on the way, circumstances of the arrival, beginnings in a foreign environment, as well as gradual assimilation and improvement in the coexistence with domestic population. Sometimes, the theme includes post-war family re-unification, renewed contacts to friends, and care of mementoes that they brought from the former fatherland with them. The older German emigrants had grievances in relation to the Czechs, which - in the case of some of them - survived until their death. The younger generation, i.e. the expulsed children at that time, shows rather nostalgia, interest in the present-day life in their home towns and villages, and new contacts to their contemporary inhabitants. The expulsion of German fellow citizens was also reflected in experiences and recollections of the Czech residents in the Vyškov area. As to the bearer´s bias and experience, the expulsion was perceived either in a positive way with feelings of satisfaction, or in a negative way with expressions of sorrow and sympathy.
Perspectives on migrant integration differ by time and place. This article examines this vague concept to shed light on how its evolution over time has shaped the current conceptions of migrant integration in the EU and the Czech Republic. It describes the situation in the Czech Republic and the country's normative goals in the field of migrant integration. While the country has explicit integration priorities in place, there is no evaluation of their fulfilment. The article explores whether these priorities are indeed fulfilled and from what sources by analysing a unique dataset of 3061 projects in the field of migrant integration. All these projects were implemented in the Czech Republic between 2010 and 2019. The results show that although funding for migrant integration has increased since 2016, even taking into account the long-term increase in the number of migrants in the Czech Republic, funding in support of these priorities is allocated very unevenly. European funding remains crucial. Among the most supported priorities is knowledge of the Czech language and education. There is also some support in the social field. By contrast, the issues of discrimination, equal rights, foreign nationals' access to health care, and the development of professional skills receive hardly any support. The results thus show a discrepancy between the priorities that have been set and their fulfilment, especially in the area of activities targeting the majority society and its institutions. The declared two-sidedness to the process of integration process thus remains a somewhat unsupported vision.
Political participation of immigrants (expressed for example by their participation in elections, representation in political parties or in the leadership functions of a city) is now seen as one of the key elements supporting their integration into the major society. In France was already in 1983 founded civil association called Votation citoyenne (Civil vote), but despite more than 30 years of its campaigns and diligent work, the results obtained are rather vague. So far, the law that would give to the foreigners from the countries outside of the EU the right to vote and to be elected at least in the local elections was only approved but did not enter into the force. However, between the years 2001 and 2008, this form of their participation in political life had bigger dynamics in the region of Basse-Normandie than in the region of Paris.
The article deals with situation, attitudes and behaviour of members of Prague's Russian immigrant community. At the beginning an overview of recent socio-economic development in Russia, existing findings about Russian minority in the Czech Republic and Czech citizens’ attitudes towards Russians are presented. The core of the article is presentation of main results of a survey conducted by the author in spring 2010 among members of Russian community that live in Prague and its surroundings. Among the main hypotheses that came out of the survey is growth of importance of positive motivations to migrate, extension of geographical and social basis from which migrants come, continuity of self-isolation of the community combined with strong ties to the country of origin and rise of Russian ethnic economy in Prague., Michal Janíčko., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
In this paper we analyse a definition of a product of Banach spaces that is naturally associated by duality with a space of operators that can be considered as a generalization of the notion of space of multiplication operators. This dual relation allows to understand several constructions coming from different fields of functional analysis that can be seen as instances of the abstract one when a particular product is considered. Some relevant examples and applications are shown, regarding pointwise products of Banach function spaces, spaces of integrable functions with respect to vector measures, spaces of operators, multipliers on Banach spaces of analytic functions and spaces of Lipschitz functions., Enrique A. Sánchez Pérez., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
People who do not act on their judgments regarding what they ought to do-their practical judgments-are often considered weak-willed, especially when the judgment is made at a time when the act it favors is plainly possible. Is this a kind of practical irrationality, perhaps due to an incoherence between practical reason, which should guide intention and action, and behavior that fails to conform to a guiding directive? More generally, do normative beliefs with the same kind of self-directive content as practical judgments possess the same sort of rational authority, if indeed they must have any such authority? At least since Aristotle, weak-willed action has often been considered irrational. This paper indicates why that view is plausible, but also why it is too strong. The paper shows how the practical authority of normative judgments can be overridden and why, on the theory of rational action suggested by analysis of such cases, certain initially plausible action-guiding principles are too strong. The concluding part of the paper briefly indicates how that theory can do justice to the analogy between practical and theoretical reason and to the essential connection between the two., Lidé, kteří nečiní podle svých úsudků ohledně toho, co mají dělat - jejich praktických úsudků - jsou často považováni za slabé, zejména když je rozsudek učiněn v době, kdy je čin, který upřednostňuje, jasně možný. Je to taková praktická iracionalita, možná kvůli nesouladu mezi praktickým důvodem, který by měl vést záměr a jednání, a chování, které neodpovídá hlavní směrnici? Obecněji řečeno, mají normativní přesvědčení se stejným druhem sebeobsahu, jako jsou praktická rozhodnutí, stejný druh racionální autority, pokud skutečně musí mít takovou autoritu? Přinejmenším protože Aristotle, slabě-chtěl akce často byl považován za iracionální. Tento článek ukazuje, proč je tento pohled věrohodný, ale také proč je příliš silný. Příspěvek ukazuje, jak může být praktická autorita normativních úsudků potlačena a proč na teorii racionálních kroků navrhovaných analýzou takových případů jsou některé z původně věrohodných principů, které vedou k akci, příliš silné. Závěrečná část práce stručně naznačuje, jak tato teorie může spravedlivě odpovídat analogii mezi praktickým a teoretickým důvodem a podstatným spojením mezi nimi., and Robert Audi