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12. Příčestí minulé činné na -(v)ší v dnešních českých publicistických textech

Creator:
Giger, Markus
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Czech, verb, morphology, syntax, participle, čeština, sloveso, morfologie, and příčestí
Language:
Czech
Description:
Among the results of Russian influence on Czech in the 19th century was the emergence of an active past participle in -(v)ší in Czech. Although not welcomed by all grammarians, this participle continued its existence in Czech until today, becoming mainly a device of archaic and bookish style. In the actual work, the occurence oft the active past participle in -(v)ší in the largest partial corpus of the Czech National Corpus containing journalistic texts is studied. A main result of the study is that apart from a large number of examples from different verbs which show the active past participle on -(v)ší in the studied corpus once or twice and where it is indeed a device of archaic and bookish style, sometimes even of irony and humor, there is a small group of (mainly intransitive) verbs, where this participle functions with considerable frequency in stylistically more neutral contexts of written Standard Czech as the only participle (sometimes as a - stylistically more marked - variant of a more numerous active past participle in -l). In theses cases, it remains overwhelmingly a syntactically unextended direct attribute of a noun. Such active past participle in -(v)ší is to be found most often in sports coverage where it is built from a set of verbs with terminological function.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

14. První redakce Starých letopisů českých z pohledu lingvisty

Creator:
Alena M Černá
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
lingvistika, jazyková analýza, čeština, redakční práce, linguistics, linguistic analysis, Czech language, editing, 11, and 81
Language:
Czech
Description:
The treatise deals with the language of the earliest redaction of the Old Bohemian Annals written in Czech, which were issued i.a. through the merit of the author of this article. The focus of attention are six texts from the middle of the fifteenth century; the objective of the treatise is to verify from the position of a linguist the validity of the conclusions on the filial relations between the individual annals, which were formulated by the historian P. Čornej, to date the texts more precisely and formulate the specific language features of the individual annals. The article discusses the linguistic phenomena typical, or on the other hand exceptional, for the annals and the period of their origin, namely from all of the linguistic levels (ortography and phonetics, morphology, syntax, stylistics, lexis). Through the analysis, it was proved that the annals capture many times a distinctly archaic form of the Czech language, predominantly on the lower levels. On the other hand, progress is recorded in the lexis, which reacts to the social development most flexibly. The opinion of filial relations between the manuscripts is in agreement with the opinion of the historian. and Alena M. Černá.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

16. The main trends in language criticism in the Czech Lands during the enlightenment (1750-1800): institutional preconditions and medialization in the scholarly and critical environment

Creator:
Petrbok, Václav and Podavka, Ondřej
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Seibt, Karel Jindřich, 1735-1806, Dobrovský, Josef, 1753-1829, 1751-1800, čeština, němčina, latina, vkus, vlastenectví, Czech language, German language, Latin language, taste, patriotism, Čechy (Česko), Bohemia (Czechia), language criticism, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
The aim of this paper is to describe 18th century "language criticism" (Sprachkritik) in the Bohemian Lands and underline its role within the process of establishing of the literary criticism. In the Habsburg monarchy, the language criticism can be traced back to the late 1740s; its origins are linked to the southern German sense of cultural (and thus linguistic), political and economical backwardness and to the efforts to catch up with the mostly protestant countries of Central and Northern Germany. The authors of this article examine not only reflections of used language and style in particular works, but also the position, prestige and function of various languages (German, Latin, Czech) themselves. The trends in language criticism and - in the narrower sense - language cultivation are examined with the use of both expert contributions to learned discussions and publicistic articles in critical journals aiming at a larger audience. In the whole process, several moments that meant a significant impulse for language criticism can be observed. The first one would be the appointment of Karl Heinrich Seibt as university professor of Schöne Wissenschaften (belles lettres), rhetoric, historia litteraria and ethics in 1763, followed by the efforts to establish a learned society, Josephine reforms and foundation of a chair of Czech language and literature at Prague university in 1791. Finally, the tightening of censorship from the second half of 1790s on had a considerable influence on criticism; its subject started to change and it began to focus on a different group of intended readers: while it used to try to educate potential future authors, afterwards it concentrated more and more on educating of the "common reader" and engaging him into critical reflections on belles lettres., Václav Petrbok a Ondřej Podavka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public