Autor porovnáva koncepciu merania, ktorá sa uplatňuje v psychológii, s koncepciou merania v prírodných vedách, reprezentovanou heslami medzinárodného metrologického slovníka. Odmieta chápanie merania ako priraďovania čísel objektom a tzv. nominálnu škálu. Meranie pokladá za užší pojem než kvantifikácia. Psychologická kvantifikácia nie je meraním, ale pravdepodobnostným odhadom úrovne latentnej premennej, ktorej existenciu iba predpokladáme (na rozdiel od reálne existujúcich veličín v prírodných vedách). and The author compares the concept of measurement as applied in psychology with the concept of measurement in natural sciences represented by entries in the international dictionary of metrology. He rejects the concept of measurement as assigning numbers to objects and so-called “nominal scale”. The author considers the measurement a less broad concept then quantification. Psychological quantification is not a measurement but a probabilistic assessment of a latent variable level that we only presume (contrary to really existing quantities in natural sciences).
Anthracyclines, e.g. doxorubicin, pirarubicin, are widely used as cytostatic agents in the polymer nanotherapeutics designed for the highly effective antitumor therapy with reduced side effects. However, their precise dosage scheme needs to be optimized, which requires an accurate method for their quantification of the cellular level in vitro during nanocarrier development and in body fluids and tissues during testing in vivo. Various methods detecting the anthracycline content in biological samples have already been designed. most of them are highly demanding and they differ in exactness and reproducibility. The cellular uptake and localization is predominantly observed and determined by microscopy techniques, the anthracycline content is usually quantified by chromatographic analysis using fluorescence detection. We reviewed and compared published methods concerning the detection of anthracycline nanocarriers., E. Koziolova, O. Janouskova, P. Chytil, M. Studenovsky, L. Kostka, T. Etrych., and Obsahuje bibliografii
To investigate into the relationship between two Rubisco activase (RCA) isoforms and photosynthetic rate, a set of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were developed for accurate quantification of two RCA polypeptides based on two specific monoclonal antibodies against different RCA isoforms. The results showed that content of RCA small isoform (RCAS) was 5-fold more than that of RCA large isoform (RCAL) content in all leaves and the RCAL/RCAS ratio reached maximum in the leaf with the highest photosynthetic rate. Although the difference in two RCA polypeptides accumulation in leaves was caused by different transcript level of two isoforms, the decrease of RCAL/RCAS ratio during leaf aging was not attributed to transcriptional regulation. The leaves with higher photosynthetic capacity exhibited higher RCAL/RCAS ratio and the decrease in photosynthetic rate and Rubisco activation state highly correlated with the decline of RCAL/RCAS ratio during leaf aging. Our results suggest that there is a posttranscriptional mechanism regulating the RCAL/RCAS ratio, which may play as a regulator modulating photosynthetic capacity during leaf aging in rice plant. and D. Wang ... [et al.].