We prove that a rank ≥3 Dowling geometry of a group H is partition representable if and only if H is a Frobenius complement. This implies that Dowling group geometries are secret-sharing if and only if they are multilinearly representable., František Matúš and Aner Ben-Efraim., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
This paper addresses Peter Sloterdijk's optimistic 'attitude'. I show that it is a philosophical posture based on pragmatic speculation and spiritual exercise. By situating it in a tradition that passes from Leibniz's meliorism to Whitehead's ecology of propositions, I argue that optimism is an essential component of a public use of reason of which the finality is no longer the good sense of critique but of the care for common sense. At stake is the cosmological and cosmopolitical care for the possibility of rationalization processes in a 'monstruous world' of ever denser feedback mechanisms.
We investigate the sets of joint probability distributions that maximize the average multi-information over a collection of margins. These functionals serve as proxies for maximizing the multi-information of a set of variables or the mutual information of two subsets of variables, at a lower computation and estimation complexity. We describe the maximizers and their relations to the maximizers of the multi-information and the mutual information., Thomas Merkh and Guido Montúfar., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The paper examines the efforts to use computer science in historiography made at the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (CSAS) in the 1960s. It includes documents from the fond of the Scientific College of History of the CSAS, which present the contemporary ideas about possible uses of cybernetics in social sciences as well as the administrative and bureaucratic obstacles that stood in the way of implementing these ideas.
We offer a new approach to the \emph{information decomposition} problem in information theory: given a `target' random variable co-distributed with multiple `source' variables, how can we decompose the mutual information into a sum of non-negative terms that quantify the contributions of each random variable, not only individually but also in combination? We define a new way to decompose the mutual information, which we call the \emph{Information Attribution} (IA), and derive a solution using cooperative game theory. It can be seen as assigning a "fair share'' of the mutual information to each combination of the source variables. Our decomposition is based on a different lattice from the usual `partial information decomposition' (PID) approach, and as a consequence {the IA} has a smaller number of terms {than PID}: it has analogs of the synergy and unique information terms, but lacks separate terms corresponding to redundancy, instead sharing redundant information between the unique information terms. Because of this, it is able to obey equivalents of the axioms known as `local positivity' and `identity', which cannot be simultaneously satisfied by a PID measure., Nihat Ay, Daniel Polani and Nathaniel Virgo., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Cílem článku je v historickém kontextu analyzovat základy, na nichž stojí dnešní vědní obor kybernetika, a nabídnout takovou definici kybernetiky, která by odpovídala jak jejím původním kořenům, tak i aktuální institucionalizované vědeckovýzkumné a vývojové praxi. Článek klade důraz na hluboce zakořeněnou inženýrskou motivaci kybernetiky, kybernetickou metaforu člověk-stroj, na spřažení mezi člověkem a strojem a na kybernetiku jako diskurzivní praktiku. Historický kontext je zaměřen na rané období americké kybernetiky a proto-kybernetiky., The aim of this article is to analyse in historical context the foundations of contemporary cybernetics and to offer such a definition of cybernetics that corresponds both with cybernetics' original roots as well as its actual institutionalised research and development form. The article stresses deeply rooted engineering motivation of cybernetics, cybernetical man-machine metaphor, man-machine coupling and cybernetics as a discursive practice. The historical context is focused on the early period of American cybernetics and proto-cybernetics., and Jan Romportl.
This informal essay, written on the occasion of 60th anniversary of Wienerian cybernetics, presents a series of themes and ideas that has emerged during last several decades and which have direct or indirect relationships to the principal concepts of cybernetics. Moreover, they share with original cybernetics the same transdisciplinary character.