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12. Description of two new species of Enclisis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and support for the secretory role of tyloids in ichneumonid males
- Creator:
- Bordera, Santiago and Hernández-Rodríguez, Estefanía
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae, Enclisis, new species, taxonomy, key, phenology, secretory glands, tyloids, and Spain
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Two new species of Enclisis Townes, 1970 from Spain are described and illustrated: E. dichroma sp.n. and E. schwarzi sp.n. The new species are distinguished from the closest species E. infernator and E. ornaticeps by head and leg characters and body colour. Data on their phenology and a key to these four European species are presented. External and internal scanning electron microscopy of male tyloids revealed that these structures, in both new species, have a secretory role.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13. Descriptions of adults, immature stages and venom apparatus of two new species of Dacnusini: Chorebus pseudoasphodeli sp. n., parasitic on Phytomyza chaerophili Kaltenbach and C. pseudoasramenes sp. n., parasitic on Cerodontha phragmitophila Hering (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae; Diptera: Agromyzidae)
- Creator:
- Tormos, Josep, Pardo, Xavier, Jiménez, Ricardo, Asís, Josep Daniel , and Gayubo, Severiano F.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hymenoptera, Braconidae, new species, hosts, immature stages, venom apparatus, and Spain
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The imagines, cast skin of the final larval instar, and venom apparatus of Chorebus pseudoasphodeli sp. n., an endoparasitoid of Phytomyza chaerophylli Kaltenbach, 1856 on Daucus carota L., and Chorebus pseudoasramenes sp. n., an endoparasitoid of Cerodontha phragmitophila Hering, 1935 on Arundo donax L., two new species of Dacnusini from Spain, are described, illustrated, and compared with those of allied species. The immature larvae, mature larva, and pupa of C. pseudoasphodeli sp. n. are also described, illustrated, and compared. Morphological structures of phylogenetic value are discussed, and keys for the discrimination of the imagines are provided.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
14. Easy-to-make portable chamber for in situ CO2 exchange measurements on biological soil crusts
- Creator:
- Ladrón De Guevara, M., Lázaro, R., Quero, J. L., Chamizo, S., and Domingo, F.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- lišejníky, mechy, photosynthesis, lichenes, Španělsko, Spain, cyanobacteria, infrared gas analyzer, moss, net photosynthesis, soil respiration, chamber, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Commercial chambers for in vivo gas exchange are usually designed to measure on vascular plants, but not on cryptogams and other organisms forming biological soil crusts (BSCs). We have therefore designed two versions of a chamber with different volumes for determining CO2 exchange with a portable photosynthesis system, for three main purposes: (1) to measure in situ CO2 exchange on soils covered by BSCs with minimal physical and microenvironmental disturbance; (2) to acquire CO2-exchange measurements comparable with the most widely employed systems and methodologies; and (3) to monitor CO2 exchange over time. Different configurations were tested in the two versions of the chamber and fluxes were compared to those measured by four reference commercial chambers: three attached to two respirometers, and a conifer chamber attached to a portable photosynthesis system. Most comparisons were done on biologically crusted soil samples. When using devices in a closed system, fluxes were higher and the relationships to the reference chambers were weaker. Nevertheless, high correlations between our chamber operating in open system and measurements of commercial respiration and photosynthetic chambers were found in all cases (R2 > 0.9), indicating the suitability of the chamber designed for in situ measurements of CO2 gas exchange on BSCs., M. Ladrón De Guevara, R. Lázaro, J. L. Quero, S. Chamizo, F. Domingo., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15. Galaicodytes caurelensis gen. n., sp. n., the first troglobitic species of Platynini (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichinae) from the western Palaearctic region
- Creator:
- Ortuño, Vicente M. and Salgado, José M.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichinae, Platynini, new genus, new species, western Palaearctic region, Spain, and cave
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This study describes Galaicodytes (gen. n.) caurelensis (sp. n.) which was captured in a limestone cave in the lower Cambric of NW Spain. It is the first known cave-dwelling Platynini in the western Palaearctic region and shows unique morphological adaptations to cave life. The taxonomic position is based on comprehensive character analysis, including external anatomical, male genitalic, and female genitalic and reproductive tract characters. Certain problems concerning its taxonomic position in relation to other genera are discussed and different ecologic and biogeographic aspects are analysed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16. Genetic differentiation and population structure within Spanish common frogs (Rana temporaria complex; Ranidae, Amphibia)
- Creator:
- Veith, Michael, Vences, Miguel, Vieites, David R., Nieto-Roman, Sandra, and Palanca, Antonio
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- population genetics, taxonomy, allozymes, Spain, and Rana temporaria
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Genetic differentiation of Rana temporaria from the Pyrenean and Cantabrian mountains in Spain was studied by means of allozyme electrophoresis. 24 loci were analysed in 104 specimens from 15 populations: nine populations from the Pyrenean massif, five populations from the area of the Cantabrian mountain chain (regions of Galicia, Asturias, and Basque Country), and one population from Germany. Three distinct clusters were distinguished by phenetic analysis: (a) the Pyrenean samples and the single population from the Basque Country, (b) the populations from Galicia and Asturias) and (c) the German population. Ordination (PCA) resulted in one principle component (PC1) that separated Cantabrian from Pyrenean populations, and in a second one (PC2) that separated the single German population from the Iberian ones. PC1 indicated introgression that was corroborated by west-east clines in several alleles along the Cantabrian chain. The rather clear separation of the Cantabrian and Pyrenean clusters (mean genetic distance 0.121) suggests that two genetically different subspecies of R. temporaria may be distinguished in Spain. The absence of fixed allelic differences between populations refutes recent hypotheses of the existence of syntopic sibling species within R. temporaria in Spain. Biogeographically, the Pyrenean and Cantabrian populations possibly originated in two separate colonisation events starting from different glacial refuges. The strong morphological differentiation of Pyrenean R. temporaria populations is not paralleled by genetic divergence, and may better be explained by ecological factors such as climate, altitude and vegetation.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
17. Histopathology of the stomach lesion caused by Physaloptera brevivaginata (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in bats in Spain
- Creator:
- Botella, P. and Esteban, J. G.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Nematoda, Physaloptera brevivaginata, pathology, stomach, bats, and Spain
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Physaloptera brevivaginata has been found parasitising the stomach of two species of bats of the family Vesperti-lionidae, Myotis myotis and Myotis blythii, in Spain. A comparative study of the prevalences and mean intensities of parasitism by this physalopterid revealed no statistically significant differences between the two hosts. Likewise, no relationship was found between parasite intensity and host body weight. The histopathological study of the stomach lesion revealed destruction of the mucosa, with degeneration of the gastric glands, loss of the muscularis mucosae and focal necrosis at the points where the cephalic extremities of both sexes of this nematode attach to the mucosa. The present paper is the first study of gastric pathology caused by an adult physalopterid in bats.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
18. Host-parasite relationships of Zootoca vivipara (Sauria: Lacertidae) in the Pyrenees (North Spain)
- Creator:
- Sanchis, Vanessa, Roig, Juan M., Carretero, Miguel A., Roca, Vicente, and Llorente, Gustavo A.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- helminths, Oswaldocruziafìliformis, host-parasite relationships, Zootoca vivìpara, Pyrenees, and Spain
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The helminths infesting the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara (Jacquin, 1787), were studied with special attention to the relations between the number of nematodes, Oswaldocruzia filiformis (Goezc,1782), and the size, sex and age class of the host. The possible seasonality of the parasite intensity and the relationship with the feeding habits of the host were also tested. Helminth infracommunities of Z. vivipara were depauperate with lizards harbouring only two species, the tremalode Plagiorchis molini (Lent et Freitas, 1940) and the nematode O, filiformis. A positive correlation between host size and the number of O. filiformis was found for female Z. vivipara. However, no correlation was detected between intensity and sex or age class. The feeding habits of Z. vivipara, the isolation of the population studied and the low level of interaction with other reptilian or amphibian species are suggested as the causes of the depauperate helminth infracommunities found in this laccrtid lizard.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
19. Iberské kořeny vědecké revoluce? Nový svět, idea kooperace a proměny raně novověkých epistemologických modelů
- Creator:
- Černá, Jana
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- teorie vědy, theory of science, Španělsko, Spain, Nový svět, raně novověká věda, kooperace, vědecká revoluce, New World, early modern science, co-operation, scientific revolution, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Příspěvek se snaží ukázat, jaký dopad mělo poznávání přírody Nového světa na utváření specifických podob raně novověké vědecké kooperace a vědy obecně. Záměrem textu je prezentovat originální metody (expedice, dotazníky) a formy vědění (historiae naturalis, botanické katalogy), které v souvislosti s kooperativním poznáváním Nového světa především ve Španělsku vznikaly a jež v soudobé Evropě neměly obdobu. Studie tak chce poukázat na význam, který mělo poznávání Nového světa Španěly v procesu tzv. vědecké revoluce, resp. proměny vědecké praxe i teoretických epistemologických schémat., This article attempts to show which effect and consequences the exploring of the New World nature on the formation of specific forms of early modern scientific cooperation and science in general had. The aim of the text is to present original methods (scientific expedition, questionnaires) and forms of knowledge (Historiae naturalis, botanical catalogs), which in the context of cooperative discovering the New World originated particularly in Spain and which were unprecedented in Contemporary Europe. Thus the study wants to point out the role of exploring of the New World by Spaniards in the process of so-called scientific revolution, respectively the changes in scientific practice and theoretical epistemological schemes., and Jana Černá.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
20. Monitoring of active tectonic structures in central Betic Cordillera (southern Spain)
- Creator:
- Galindo-Zaldívar, Jesús, Gil, Antonio, Sanz de Galdeano, Carlos, Shanov, Stefan, and Stanica, Dumitru
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, GPS sítě, GPS netwoks, Španělsko, Spain, crustal structure, active faults, fault and fold interaction, Betic Cordillera, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Betic Cordillera, located at the westernmost end of the Mediterranean alpine belt, is deformed by overprinted folds and faults that produced the present-day relief since the Tortonian. In the frame of the COST 625 action, four sectors have been studied in the central part of the cordillera. In the Granad a Depression, the large NW-SE Padul normal fault deforms the SW periclinal end of the Sierra Nevada antiform. MT surveys in dicate the continuity in depth of high and low angle normal seismogenic faults and the presence of act ive detachment faults. In Tabernas regi on a good example of interaction between a N W-SE propagating normal fault, E-W strike-slip faults and the fold system is studied. In the Sierra Tejeda-Zafarraya and in the Balanegra-Sierra de Gádor areas, two new GPS networks ha ve been installed to determine the interaction and the development of large antiformal struct ures and normal faults with E-W and NW-SE orientations. However, taking into account the low tectonic activity of the studi ed region, a period of more than 5 year could be needed to determine with enough accuracy the development rate of the structures., Jesús Galindo-Zaldívar, Antonio Gil, Carlos Sanz de Galdeano, Stefan Shanov and Dumitru Stanica., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
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