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2. Dhikr v pojetí naqšbandíje haqqáníje : kontext a struktura rituálu
- Creator:
- Křížek, Daniel
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- Islamic mysticism, Sufism, dhikr, Naqshbandiyya Haqqaniyya, ritual, and Study of Religions
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The Islamic mysticism or Sufism is a very diverse spiritual phenomenon. Dozens of orders (tariqas) and their branches exist in its not easily definable framework. In spite of certain common foundations and tendencies, tariqas often differ significantly in interpretations of theological, philosophical and other concepts, in approaches to institutional aspects, in religious practice, in theoretical and practical aspects of related rituals, and so on. Such diversity encourages one to try to describe and analyze various manifestations of Sufism in appropriate specific contexts. This article represents just such a contribution. It deals with dhikr, a kind of prayer or meditation, in the context of both theory and practice of the contemporary successful tariqa Naqshbandiyya Haqqaniyya. The article consists of three main parts. The first offers a brief introduction to dhikr as a traditional Sufi ritual; essential characteristics and some typologies are presented here. The second deals with dhikr in the general context of Naqshbandi tradition and in the particular context of one of the contemporary Naqshbandi branches, Haqqaniyya. Here the main features, principles and meanings of Haqqani individual and congregational dhikr are presented. Finally, the specific structure of Haqqani congregational dhikr is described in detail with various elements of its silent and vocal parts.
- Rights:
- unknown
3. Holubci, sarmi a šulky : balkánské závitky a jejich druhý život v českém pohraničí
- Creator:
- Fatková, Gabriela
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- food, Balkan, wrapped cabbage rolls, festive meal, ritual, acculturation, jídlo, Balkán, závitky, slavnostní pokrmy, rituál, akulturace, and Balkan Studies
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This study is based on a research in Czech-Bavarian border region Tachov and local foodscape which involves cuisine of Czech and German old settlers and re-settlers from Romania, Ukraine and other regions of Eastern Europe. Among those post-war re-settlers from we can find high importance of one specific meal - wrapped cabbage rolls. This meal is observed as a tool for inclusion and social cohesion on the regional level and its creative development in contact with other local dwellers is being a subject of our attention. This particular meal has been considered within the broad scope of examples from other countries showing the shared special cultural value of wrapped and stuffed meals, especially the ritual use of wrapping as a cultural elaboration of food. and Studie se zabývá významem závitků v prostředí česko-bavorského příhraničí (konkrétně regionu Tachov), které se stává specifickým kulinárním prostorem, v němž se prolýnají vlivy původních německých obyvatel a poválečných dosídlenců z různorodých regionů Evropy. Zejména mezi dosídlenci, kteří na Tachovsko přišli z východní Evropy (Rumunsko, Ukrajiny a jiné regiony), závitky nabývají podoby symbolu, spojujícího aktéry s regionem původu a utvářejících dnešní lokální identitu v etnicky heterogenním pohraničí. Je sledován tzv. "druhý život” závitků a jejich kulturní elaborace v kontaktu s ostatními obyvateli regionu. Tuto případovou studii pak zasazujeme do širokého kontextu odborného zájmu o závitky a kulinární technologie zavíjení a plnění, který se rozvíjí zejména v posledních 10 letech.
- Rights:
- unknown and embargoed access
4. Ritual zoomorphism in medieval and modern European folklore: some sceptical remarks on a possible connection with a hypothetical Eurasian shamanism
- Creator:
- Testa, Alessandro
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- carnival, European folklore, Eurasian shamanism, masks and masquerades, popular religion, ritual, survivals, prehistoric religion, zoomorphism, and Study of Religions
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- An interesting ritual motif can be studied transversally in European areas in a period of time that goes roughly from antiquity to modern times. This ritual motif is the performances of men disguised as – and acting like – animals at certain times of the year. In the past, these performances did not usually occur during official celebrations, but rather during popular festivals like Carnivals, and were normally considered "pagan" or "vulgar" or, more recently, "folkloric". For centuries, these ritual or pseudo-ritual practices were harshly criticised – if not openly discouraged or even forbidden – by representatives of the different societal hierarchies, and especially by the clergy. In this article, I present a short overview of the rather diverse interpretations that have led to possible proposed connections between these performances and rituals and a hypothetical Eurasian "shamanic substratum" which would constitute their cultural matrix. In so doing, I also suggest that different conclusions can be drawn from these observations on this and other related topics.
- Rights:
- unknown
5. Typologie rodinných vypravěčů
- Creator:
- Sedláčková, Jana
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- pohádka, rituál, předškolní děti, čtení, vyprávění, vícegenerační rodina, fairy tale, ritual, preschool children, reading, telling, multigenerational family, and Educational Sciences
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Článek se zabývá čtením a vyprávěním pohádek předškolním dětem ve vícegeneračních rodinách. Chápeme-li obě aktivity jako metodu rozvoje počáteční gramotnosti, hraje při nich důležitou roli přístup dospělých vypravěčů. Ti jeho prostřednictvím vytvářejí z každovečerní pohádky také rodinný rituál, jehož smyslem je prožívání vzájemnosti, harmonizování a sjednocování rodiny. Kvalitativní šetření, realizované metodou individuálních a skupinových rozhovorů s rodiči a prarodiči ze čtyř vícegeneračních rodin, vykresluje na výsledné typologii obraz toho, jak tito vypravěči své vyprávěcí rituály vnímají: spíše než z působ rozvoje jejich dětí pro ně představují vzácnou chvíli spolubytí s nimi. Zaujímají při nich také různé přístupy. Vyjádřeno metaforami, přístup Chůvy je veden touhou být hodným (pra)rodičem, přístup Učitele zase touhou být z prostředkovatelem porozumění, přístup Mudrce klade důraz na sociálně-mravní výchovu dítěte a přístup Kašpárka na zábavu a legraci. and This paper addresses reading and the telling of fairy tales to preschool children in multigenerational families. It stresses the importance of the approach taken by adult narrators, since both activities can be understood as methods for developing early literacy. This is because adult narrators change both activities into a family ritual whose aim is to facilitate an experience of mutuality, harmony and family unity. The paper stems from a qualitative analysis which used individual and group interviews with parents and grandparents from four multigenerational families. It shows that adult narrators perceive reading and telling as a valued time of togetherness with children rather than a means of child education. The paper identifies four different approaches that adult narrators adopt: (i) a nurse motivated by a wish to be a good (grand)parent, (ii) a teacher who wishes to be a mediator of knowledge, (iii) a sage who emphasises the importance of social and ethical education, (iv) a jester who accentuates humour and entertainment.
- Rights:
- unknown
6. Vučari – the Balkan wolf-men
- Creator:
- Satława, Katarzyna
- Format:
- text/pdf
- Type:
- Article
- Subject:
- wolf, folk culture, folk songs, Serbs, ritual, vlk, lidová kultura, lidové písně, Srbové, rituál, and Balkan Studies
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the article I would like to describe a ritual called Vučarenje that was once popular in Dinara mountain villages, where Serbian population used to dwell. The wolf has always played an important role in Serbs' folk culture and customs. This widely spread predator was dangerous for both livestock and human. Wolf is present in folk songs as well as in popular sayings which proves that it played an important role in the countryside.
- Rights:
- unknown