1 - 9 of 9
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
2. Bohemikální básník Vlachník z Weitmile
- Creator:
- Vidmanová, Anežka
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Prague, 14th century poetry, and critical edition
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- This article provides a critical edition and exposition of several phrases from scholastic poems (or from two or four combined poems) with the incipit Ex fideli veterum scriptura cognovi (Walther, Initia No. 5984), whose authorship is ascribed to the protonotary of Václav IV., Vlachník of Weitmile († 1399), inspired by the intellectual atmosphere of the Prague Court.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3. Je konverze změnou náboženství, nebo náboženskou změnou? Možnosti a meze historického výzkumu přelomu 19. a 20. století
- Creator:
- Pavlíček, Tomáš W.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- confessional conversions, church history, religion history, Czech lands, Prague, and 19th century
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The reasons for conversion or withdrawal from traditional churches could be different in every historical period. Historians should recognize the secondary or contrary historical processes like foundation of small movements and "free" churches, and also appreciate individual motives of a convert. e author of this paper researches conversion on the basis of 1) religious term and its different meanings in historical contexts, 2) study of the convert‘s "Lebenswelt" and his local church and religious culture. At first he compares the similar meanings of the term conversion in different theological encyclopedias (change of religion) and puts forward Karl Rahner’s notion of internal conversion as Bekehrung (a change of the involved man in his spiritual relationship to God) as an inspiring tool for the methodology of ecumenical or comparative church history. A summary of church development and the legislative status of different denominations in the Habsburg monarchy in the 19th century follows. The author approaches that the wave of religious changes in the late 19th century was truly brought about by the internal pluralization of religious culture. He demonstrates his point by analysing conversion in the Prague diocese in 1900. and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
4. Pobyt Jana Husa na hradě Krakovci. K novým otázkám a současnému stavu bádání
- Creator:
- Kozler, David
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Jan Hus, Petr of Mladoňovice, Krakovec, Prague, Bechyně, Old Czech Annals, and Council of Constance
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The study deals with the stay of Jan Hus at Castle Krakovec from where he was said to have departed for the council of Constance in October 1414. The historicity of this stay was recently doubted by Jan Krško, which lacked support in the sources. However, an analysis of the existing material, particularly the manuscripts of the Old Czech Annals, has shown the record of Hus´s stay at Krakovec comes from contemporary witnesses, which further increases their value. The author also proves Krško´s proposed points of departure for Hus to be unlikely in the case of Prague and thorougly ruled out in the case of Bechyně.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
5. Praha a česká společnost v pohledu tří generací polskolitevských a litevských vlastenců
- Creator:
- Švec, Luboš
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Lithuania, Polish territorial patriotism, Lithuanian ethnic language national movement, Vilnius, Prague, Czech national movement, cognition, comparison, and relations
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This article discusses the way in which three different generations of Lithuanian patriots defined their relationship with the Czech national movement; how the Czech national movement influenced the development of the Lithuanian national movement in the 19th century. The article is methodologically based on a three-stage periodization of the national movement provided by historian, Miroslav Hroch. It draws information primarily on the basis of text analysis of the journals Teka Wileńska, Aušra, and Varpas, which can be regarded as generational ideological platforms, and correspondence and memories of activists. The author researches the difference in the motivation of Lithuaanian-Polish patriots on one hand and, on the other, by later generations activists of the Lithuanian national movement. and Obsahuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
6. Symbolika bočního průčelí kostela sv. Tomáše na Malé Straně
- Creator:
- Popatanasovská, Bojana
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- art history, baroque architecture, emblematics, Kilián Ignác Dientzenhofer, Church, Lesser Town, Prague, dějiny umění, barokní architektura, emblematika, kostel, Praha, and Malá Strana
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The main aim of this article is to present a new interpretation of the decoration of the lateral facade of the Augustinian Church of St Thomas in the Lesser Town of Prague, which was created during the reconstruction of the church by its architect Kilián Ignác Dientzenhofer in the first third of the 18th century. Drawing on recently discovered sources, it provides a new interpretation of the emblematic decoration of the portal of the lateral facade, both in the context of the painted decoration of the church interior and in relation to the social and theological conditions of the time. In particular, it proposes an interpretation of the four metopes in the entablature of the Doric order, for which the author or commissioner of the Baroque rebuilding of the church probably found inspiration in the emblematic album Devises et Emblèmes Anciennes & Modernes by the late 17th-century French writer and emblematist Daniel de La Feuille, on the basis of which the symbolism of these four metopes can be interpreted. The meaning of these four metopes is then related in the context of the entire decoration of the lateral facade of the temple also within the symbolism of the columnar orders, in this particular case the use of the Doric order. As it appears, the entire decoration of the lateral facade was systematically and purposefully chosen by the architect and contains extraordinary Christological symbolism that may be hidden to the modern observer at first glance.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7. The labours of the Prague obstetrician Johann Melitsch (1763-1837): contribution to the topic of the professionalising of obstetrics in the 18th century
- Creator:
- Tinková, Daniela and Štefanová, Barbora
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- 18th-century obstetrics, Caesarean section, maternity hospital, Prague, Johann Melitsch (1763-1837), social care, Enlightenment, porodnictví 18. století, císařský řez, porodnice, Praha, sociální a chudinská péče, and osvícenství
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- a1_This study aims to present the physician Johann Melitsch (1763–1837) as a courageous reformer who presented a specific alternative to the étatist model of healthcare reforms implemented by the Habsburg monarchy in the 18th century. As obstetrics was the focus of Melitsch’s reform activities, the paper also contributes to the broader issue of the professionalisation of obstetrics at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. In the 1780s, Joseph II decided to use the assets of the secularised monasteries and hospitals to form a state complex of various health and social care facilities in the capitals of the Habsburg “provinces”. Where conditions and proximity to the university allowed, the first real “clinics”, i.e. hospitals linked to the teaching of medicine (and therefore science), were established: this was the case, for example, in Vienna and Prague. General hospitals formed the core of these complexes; maternity hospitals were also built, primarily for unmarried mothers, to prevent infanticide, but also as a source of female bodies for young medical students, who otherwise generally did not have the opportunity to learn about pregnancy and childbirth. At the same time, a young doctor who had just finished medical school in Prague, the twenty-fouryear- old Johann Melitsch, the son of a cabinet-maker, decided to undertake another project: a Privatentbindungsanstalt, ie. private outpatient maternity clinic. It was designed for married but poor women and also offered the opportunity of midwifery practice to medical students. Thanks to a family inheritance and his wife’s dowry, he was indeed able to found such an institution. And with donations from wealthy patrons from the nobility, he was able to provide small financial rewards or medicines to his patients. His assistants were students. and a2_Melitsch later extended his outpatient care, which was also improved by the “district doctors”, to sick women and children in general and thus offered a counterpart to the “stationary” type of state general hospital. In 1793, he was finally appointed professor at the Prague Faculty of Medicine – but only after the intervention of Emperor Francis I himself, who also granted this institution a “public right”. In 1795 Melitsch drew up a proposal – also probably the first in the Habsburg monarchy – for health insurance for low-income segments of the population. However, this system was never put into practice. In this predominantly Catholic monarchy, where hospitals had hitherto operated mainly on a church or municipal basis and where there was a clear tendency in Melitsch’s time to create a purely state-run health service, this was an exceptional case. The paper is also a contribution to the broader issue of the professionalisation of midwifery at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. Besides that, Melitsch is considered to be the first doctor in the Czech lands to perform a successful caesarean section in which both mother and child survived.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
8. Trendy v konzumaci masa a dalších živočišných produktů ve středověké Praze
- Creator:
- Kovačiková, Lenka, Trojánková, Olga, Meduna, Petr, Starec, Petr, Burian, Martin, Čiháková, Jarmila, Frolík, Jan, and Gaul, David J.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- zvířecí kosterní pozůstatky, středověk, konzumace, živočišná produkce, Praha, animal skeletal remains, Middle Ages, consumption, animal production, and Prague
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Soubory zvířecích kostí a zubů datované do 8. až 14. století byly shromážděny při archeologických výzkumech na několika místech Prahy (Pražský hrad, Malá Strana a Staré Město). Získaný osteologický materiál představuje odpad vznikající převážně při úpravě a konzumaci masa. Jeho detailní vyhodnocení se zaměřením na druhové složení, úmrtní věk a pohlaví zvířat přináší bližší informace nejen o složení stravy a kvalitě masa, ale i využívání dalších živočišných produktů. Porovnáním více souborů na prostorové a časové úrovni jsme se pokusili lépe porozumět trendům v hospodaření se zvířaty a spotřebě jejich produktů v prostoru středověké Prahy. and Assemblages of animal bones and teeth dated to the 8th–14th century AD were collected during archaeological excavations at several Prague locations (Prague Castle, Lesser Town and Old Town). The acquired osteological material is waste resulting mainly from the butchering and consumption of meat. A detailed evaluation of this material with a focus on the taxonomic representation, the slaughter age and the sex of the animals provides more detailed information on both the composition of the diet and the quality of meat, but also the use of other animal products. By means of a comparison of multiple assemblages on the spatial and temporal level, we attempted to gain a better understanding of the trends in animal husbandry and the consumption of their products in medieval Prague.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
9. Vydavatelské strategie jednoty bratrské na začátku 17. století
- Creator:
- Just, Jiří
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Unity of Brethren, Brethren printing house, publishing strategy, religious literature, Czech Reformation, Prague, and Hradec Králové
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The historical Unity of Brethren produced a relatively large amount of literature, mainly intended for the clergy and members of this community. From the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, the diversity of genres increased, and after 1609, when Rudolf II issued the Letter of Majesty granting religious freedom, the censorship measures were relaxed in Bohemia. As a result, the printing house that the Unity ran in the Moravian town of Kralice nad Oslavou was falling short of production capacity. The Unity’s leadership thus had to approach commercial printing companies, especially in the capital of the kingdom (Prague), but also in Hradec Králové, to satisfy the growing demand of Brethren literature. This study seeks to explore the main reasons for choosing specific printing enterprises to produce publications with Brethren religious texts and the extent to which these preferences were influenced by the printers’ confessional attitudes. The findings of this study show that what played an important role was not only the printers’ confessional affiliation, or their inclinations for the Unity of Brethren, but also their personal ties to the authors of the published texts, or to the contractors of the publication production. Especially noteworthy for this research is the preserved correspondence from the archive of a Unity of Brethren bishop Matouš Konečný, who worked in Mladá Boleslav between 1609 and 1620 and was responsible for the entire literary production of the community as well as its dissemination among the followers. The archive of Matouš Konečný was discovered quite recently in 2006 and is now gradually being released in a scholarly edition. The main contribution of this study is the analysis of the ties between the commercial printers who printed books for the Unity of Brethren in the early 17th century and this relatively small in number but culturally and socially influential confessional community.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public