The title of this article, as well as the motto from K. Wierzyński's poem are aimed at emphasizing the continuity of the "tradition of fire", as well as the link between the myth of Prometheus and the ritual (symbolic) death of Jan Palach – the hero of "Prague Spring". This continuity of multidimensional sense of fire as a symbol (of the rebellious spirit) and the myth of Promethean gift of fire can be found in the tragedy by V. Ivanov. Here, the spiritual dimension of fire is emphasized due to referring to orphic version of the myth about the suffering Dionysus. The author of this article, analysing and interpreting the tragedy by the Russian poet, presents the semantic metamorphosis of the myth of Prometheus, putting it in the vast cultural context – the works of Aeschylus and Nietzsche, the philosophical thoughts of Proclos, Schelling and Bachelard, as well as the thoughts of contemporary culture scientists.
Chernivtsi is a city in southwestern Ukraine, situated on the upper course of the River Prut, in the northern part of the historic region of Bukovina, which is currently divided between Romania and Ukraine. Chernivtsi is viewed at present to be a cultural center of western Ukraine. Historically, as a cultural and architectural center, Chernivtsi was even dubbed "Little Vienna", "Jerusalem upon the Prut", or the "European Alexandria". In 1775, the northwestern part of the territory of Moldavia was annexed by the Habsburg Empire; in 1849 was raised in status and became known as a crownland of the Austrian Empire. During the 19th and early 20th century, Chernivtsi became a center of both Romanian and Ukrainian national movements. When Austria-Hungary dissolved in 1918, the city and its surrounding area became a part of the Kingdom of Romania. In Chernivtsi lived Ukrainians, Romanians, Poles, Ruthenians, Jews, Roms and Germans. Their Culture and Prosperity, experienced the town during its affiliation to the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy as the capital of the crown land Bukovina. By the murder of the Jews and the resettlement and expulsion of the whole ethnic groups, above all of the Germans and the Romanians, this tradition got lost after the Second World War to a great extent. The population group dominating today are the Ukrainians.
Для белорусского сообщества ученых-лингвистов в период "белорусизации" 1920-х годов были характерны острые дискуссии, сопровождавшиеся взаимными политическими обвинениями. Эти обвинения привели к исключению Н.Н. Дурново из Белорусской АН и снятию его кандидатуры с выборов в АН ССС. and During the so called period of "belorusizaciya" in the 1920s, the Belorussian scholarly linguistic community was split and deeply involved into fierce disputes folloved by mutual political charges. These charges had led to Nikolai N. Durnovo's exclusion from the Belorussian Academy of Sciences and striking-off his name from the nominees-list for the elections to the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
Hlavním postupem uplatněným v tomto textu je práce s reprezentativními příklady studií, jež se věnují tématu nerovností v účasti dospělých ve vzdělávání, zejména s ohledem na jejich sociální podmíněnost a dopady. Poukázáno je rovněž na politické, kulturní a psychologické souvislosti důvodů (ne)účasti dospělých ve vzdělávání. Text dospívá k náznakům toho, co by měly zohledňovat veřejné politiky orientované na cíl zvýšení participace dospělých ve vzdělávání. Mimo to jsou zohledněny obecnější příspěvky k úvahám o směřování výzkumu ve společenských vědách. and The main procedure applied in this article is a survey of representative studies dealing with unequeal participation of adults in education, especially in view of its social conditinality and impacts. Further the text focuses on political, cultural and psychological contexts of reasons for adults' (non-)participation in education. The text presents a brief outline of what should be considered by public policies aimed at increasing the participation of adults in education. Some general remarks about the importance of research in the social sciences are taken into consideration.
From 1903 to 1919 in Poznan existed the Prussian Royal Academy, which was not a university, but an institution promoting scientific studies of the German population with higher education in the region of Poznań. Though it was a German not a polish institution, it was tried by its rector Eugen Kennemann to introduce Slavic studies, but only courses in Russian and Polish, also in Eastern European history by Christiani, Lowenthal and Hoetzsch were realized. In 1919 the Academy became the new polish University of Poznan. and В 1903–1919гг. в Познане существовала Прусская Королевская Академия, которая не была университетом но институция для углубления научного образования немецкого населения высокого воспитания в Познанском районе. Вопреки факту, что Академия было немецкое учреждение Еуген Кеннеманн как ректор Академии попытал там основать катедру славянской филологии, но только курсы по польскому и русскому языкам и восточноевропейской истории читали Христиани, Левентал и Хетч. В 1919 Академия стала новым польским университетом в Познани.