Chernivtsi is a city in southwestern Ukraine, situated on the upper course of the River Prut, in the northern part of the historic region of Bukovina, which is currently divided between Romania and Ukraine. Chernivtsi is viewed at present to be a cultural center of western Ukraine. Historically, as a cultural and architectural center, Chernivtsi was even dubbed "Little Vienna", "Jerusalem upon the Prut", or the "European Alexandria". In 1775, the northwestern part of the territory of Moldavia was annexed by the Habsburg Empire; in 1849 was raised in status and became known as a crownland of the Austrian Empire. During the 19th and early 20th century, Chernivtsi became a center of both Romanian and Ukrainian national movements. When Austria-Hungary dissolved in 1918, the city and its surrounding area became a part of the Kingdom of Romania. In Chernivtsi lived Ukrainians, Romanians, Poles, Ruthenians, Jews, Roms and Germans. Their Culture and Prosperity, experienced the town during its affiliation to the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy as the capital of the crown land Bukovina. By the murder of the Jews and the resettlement and expulsion of the whole ethnic groups, above all of the Germans and the Romanians, this tradition got lost after the Second World War to a great extent. The population group dominating today are the Ukrainians.
The study examines how in the Czech tradition translation of poetry has been perceived. The Czech tradition of translation of poetry is specific and translators have high demands. The study is looking for common and different points in the translation of poetry at two opposing theories of translation: the theory of functional equivalence from Jiří Levý and functionalist concept of translation, which brought into Czech Zbyněk Fišer. After a confrontation with other translation theories of Ján Vilikovský and Milan Hrdlička can we see, that the area of translation of poetry is so specific and demanding, that it is difficult to apply the scale of individual theories. On the contrary, it seems that just the translation of poetry can be a common ground for all these theories.