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132. Vegetation of lowland wet meadows along a climatic continentality gradient in Central Europe

Creator:
Botta-Dukát, Zoltán, Chytrý, Milan, Hájková, Petra, and Havlová, Marcela
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
Czech Republic, fidelity, Hungary, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, numerical analysis, optimal number of clusters, phytosociological classification, Slovakia, and vegetation survey
Language:
English
Description:
Central European lowland wet meadows are habitats of great conservation interest, however, their phytosociological status has been to a large extent dependent on specific phytosociological traditions in different countries. In order to bridge the gaps between different national schemes of vegetation classification, a statistical analysis of variation in species composition of these meadows in the Czech Republic, E Austria, Slovakia, Hungary and NE Croatia was performed, using a data set of 387 geographically stratified vegetation relevés sampled at altitudes < 350 m. Principal coordinates analysiswas used to identify and partial out the noise component in the variation in this data set. The relevés were classified by cluster analysis. A new method for identifying the optimal number of clusters was developed, based on species fidelity to particular clusters. This method suggested the optimum level of classification with three clusters and secondary optimum levels with five and nine clusters. Classification based on three clusters separated the traditional phytosociological alliances of Calthion palustris and Molinion caeruleae, both with a suboceanic phytogeographical affinity, and a group of flooded meadows of large river alluvia, with a continental affinity. The latter group included the traditional alliances of Agrostion albae, Alopecurion pratensis, Cnidion venosi, Deschampsion cespitosae and Veronico longifoliae-Lysimachion vulgaris; however, the internal heterogeneity of this group did not reflect putative boundaries between these alliances as proposed in the phytosociological literature. Therefore we suggest to unite these alliances in a single alliance Deschampsion cespitosae Horvatić 1930 (the oldest valid name). Classification with nine clusters was interpreted at the level of broad phytosociological associations. Particular clusters were characterized by statistically defined groups of diagnostic species and related to macroclimatic variables.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

133. Veľké zjednotenie, nezachovanie leptónového náboja/arómy a štruktúra jadra

Creator:
Šimkovic, F., Domin, P., and Šmotlák, M.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave., Fakulta matematiky, fyziky a informatiky, jaderná fyzika, fyzika elementárních částic, leptony, nuclear physics, elementary particle physics, leptons, Slovensko, Slovakia, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
F. Šimkovic, P. Domin, M. Šmotlák.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

135. Vojenský pohreb ako výraz príslušnosti k profesijnej skupine

Creator:
Jágerová, Margita
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
death, funeral, army, soldiers, ceremonies, Slovakia, and specific features of socio-professional group
Language:
Czech
Description:
Habits are a peculiar component of culture, which currently have more functions in society. The function to identify is among the identification which classifies an individual as a member of “his/her” group, defines him or her and serves as an instrument for differentiation. The functions are an important element in the construction of a feeling of pride on the membership in a given group. The study submits a view of the specific realm of funeral habits and military funeral ceremonies within the military community with focus on the description of the current form of these habits in the environment of the Armed Forces of the Slovakian Republic. It introduces the basic formal means that are used in this environment in the case of a soldier´s death. The author observes how standards and rules are applied. She searches for an answer to the question whether there is a space in this strict environment hampered by norms to undertake spontaneous activities, not defined in the rules, related to funeral ceremonies and farewells, or other specific expressions that are part of life of this socio-professional group. The study pays attention to specific types of ritual activities, such as ramp ceremony and welcome ceremony, the theme of soldiers - suicides, and the ratio of religious funeral ceremonies in the military environment.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

136. Výskum neutrónovo-bohatých exotických jadier

Creator:
Veselský, Martin
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
jaderná fyzika, výzkum a vývoj, nuclear physics, research and development, Slovensko, Slovakia, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
V článku je opísaný súčasný stav výskumu neutrónovo-bohatých exotických jadier a je podaný výhľad do budúcnosti, aj v súvislosti s európskym projektom urýchľovača novej generácie s intenzívnymi zväzkami krátko žijúcich exotických jadier EURISOL. Sú opísané v súčasnosti používané metódy produkcie neutrónovo-bohatých exotických jadier a možné metódy umožňujúce v budúcnosti dosiahnuť hranicu neutrónovej stability. Na záver je podaný prehľad očakávaných vlastností extrémne neutrónovo-bohatých jadier a s nimi spojených otvorených otázok z hľadiska jednočasticových a kolektívnych vlastností, mechanizmov jadrových reakcií, jadrovej stavovej rovnice a aplikácií v jadrovej astrofyzike., Martin Veselský., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

137. Výskumné programy v detailoch

Creator:
Moczo, P., Lapin, M., Morvová, M., and Porubčan, V.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave., Fakulta matematiky, fyziky a informatiky, astronomie, sluneční soustava, vznik života, astronomy, solar system, life origin, Slovensko, Slovakia, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
P. Moczo, M. Lapin, M. Morvová, V. Porubčan.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

139. White Carpathian grasslands: can local ecological factors explain their extraordinary species richness?

Creator:
Kristina, Preislerová, Zdenka, and Chytrý , Milan
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Bílé Karpaty, Czech Republic, diversity, dry grassland, meadow, nutrients, productivity, Slovakia, spoil pH, vascular plants, and Western Carpathians
Language:
English
Description:
Semi-dry grasslands in the White Carpathian (Bílé Karpaty) Mountains on the Czech-Slovak border are famous for their extremely high species richness. In places they contain more than 130 species of vascular plants per 100m2 and for some plot sizes they hold world records in the number of vascular plant species, but the reasons for this are poorly understood. Here we ask whether the high number of species in these grasslands can be explained by local ecological factors. We compared the White Carpathian grasslands with similar grasslands in adjacent areas in the west (southern Moravia) and the east (Inner Western Carpathians), which are on average notably poorer in species than those in the White Carpathians. In both of these areas, we sampled grasslands that were among the species richest in the regional context and had a similar physiognomy, species composition and ecology as those in the White Carpathians. We found 75 sites with >70 and >25 species of vascular plants per 100 m2 and 1 m2, respectively, in which we recorded species composition and local environmental conditions, including precipitation, soil depth, soil pH and nutrient concentrations, above-ground biomass production and nutrients in plant biomass. Although the White Carpathian grasslands were considerably richer in species than the richest grasslands in the adjacent regions, there were no differences in the values of the factors studied that could provide an unequivocal explanation of their high species richness. However, the values of the factors studied were within the ranges reported in the literature as conducive to high species richness in temperate grasslands. We conclude that the high species richness recorded in the White Carpathian grasslands cannot be explained by a single factor. It results from a unique combination of regional factors (long history of these grasslands, large size of individual grassland areas and their existence in a landscape mosaic with forests, scrub and small wetlands), local abiotic factors (soil pH, soil nutrient status, moisture regime and resulting grassland productivity that are suitable for many species from the regional species pool) and management (low fertilizer input and mowing once a year in late spring or summer).
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public