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62. The plant bug genus Psallus (Heteropera: Miridae) in the Korean Peninsula with descriptions of three new species
- Creator:
- Duwal, Ram Keshari, Yasunaga, Tomohide, Jung, Sunghoon, and Lee, Seunghwan
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Psallus, new species, new records, Korean Peninsula, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- There are twenty-six species of the genus Psallus Fieber, 1858 (Phylinae: Phylini) documented in the Korean Peninsula. Three new species are described: Psallus cheongtaensis sp. n., P. ernsti sp. n. and P. suwonanus sp. n., and four species are reported from Korea for the first time: Psallus cinnabarinus Kerzhner, 1979, P. flavescens Kerzhner, 1988, P. loginovae Kerzhner, 1988, and P. roseoguttatus Yasunaga & Vinokurov, 2000. The genitalic structures of females and males are described and figured for most treated species. A key is provided for identifying all the Korean species., Ram Keshari Duwal ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
63. The role of iron (Fe) in the population dynamics of pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) in Pistacia orchards
- Creator:
- Dehghani-Yakhdani, Hossein , Iranipour, Shahzad , Mehrnejad, Mohammad Reza , and Farshbaf-Pourabad, Reza
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hemiptera, Aphalaridae, Agonoscena pistaciae, pistachio psyllid, Pistacia, host plant quality, life table, nutrient fertilizer, population density, intrinsic rate of increase, and central Iran
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The common pistachio psyllid (CPP) is thought to respond to nutrient availability in pistachio trees. We determined the effect of a deficiency of leaf iron (Fe) has on the abundance of the pistachio psyllid at a regional scale. First, we monitored the abundance pistachio psyllid in four pistachio orchards (24 trees as 24 repetitions) located in Maybod County, Yazd province in the centre of Iran and then measured leaf nutrient levels. Orchards were located up to 2.6 km apart. Multivariate regressions were used to determine the relationship between leaf nutrients and CPP population growth. The results indicate that the number of psyllid eggs and population growth rate of the nymphs was negatively correlated with Fe levels in the leaves, while peak numbers of psyllid eggs were positively correlated with the levels of Cu in the leaves. In a manipulative field experiment, we conducted two experiments: (1) pistachio trees treated with iron compared with control trees, and (2) pistachio trees previously treated with iron were treated with ammonium sulphate and compared with trees treated with ammonium sulphate. In the first experiment, psyllids in leaf disc-cages had a significantly greater intrinsic rate of population increase and net reproductive rate on Fe-treated trees than the control trees (Stage 1). In the second experiment, psyllids in leaf disc-cages had similar intrinsic rates of population increase and net reproduction both on the ammonium sulphate treated trees (control) and those previously treated with iron. This indicates that iron may have reacted negatively with nitrogen content of the leaves. In general, these findings indicate that when there is a deficiency of iron in the leaves, the application of nitrogen fertilizer had little effect on the performance of CPP and may have played a minor role in the population dynamics of CPP, but the application of a Fe fertilizer without considering the nitrogen content of the leaves may lead to a population outbreak.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
64. Thermal requirements of Trissolcus grandis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of sunn pest
- Creator:
- Iranipour, Shahzad, Nozad Bonab , Zahra, and Michaud, John P.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hymenoptera: Scelionidae, Trissolcus grandis, egg prasitoid, Hemiptera, Scutelleridae, Eurygaster integriceps, degree-day, development, sunn pest, fecundity, longevity, thermal constant, and thermal treshold
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Trissolcus grandis is an important egg parasitoid of sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), the most serious pest of wheat in Iran. The thermal requirements of two populations of T. grandis were studied at five constant temperatures ranging from 20-32°C. Thermal thresholds for development were calculated using linear regression and degree-day models were determined by fitting non-linear equations to the data. The lower threshold for development was estimated to be 12.5 and 12.1°C, respectively, for males and females of the Bonab population, compared to 14.4 and 14.5°C for those of the Qaramalek population. Complete development required 143.8 and 162.8 degree-days, respectively, for males and females of the Bonab population and 116.9 and 124.6 for those of the Qaramalek population. Thus, wasps from the warmer region (Qaramalek) developed faster than those from the cooler region (Bonab), but had a higher thermal threshold for initiating development. Bonab females attained their highest fecundity (117.7 ± 7.2) at the lowest temperature tested (20°C), whereas the fecundity of Qaramalek females was maximal (96.8 ± 11.5) at 26°C. Biological control programmes that seek to augment wasp populations in wheat fields early in the spring, when natural rates of sunn pest parasitism tend to be low, should consider wasp thermal requirements to ensure the selection and release of locally-adapted parasitoids.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
65. Tingidae (Hemiptera) of Vanuatu (New Hebrides): New species and new records
- Creator:
- Guilber, Eric
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, Hemiptera, Tingidae, nové druhy, taxonomický popis, klíč k určování, Vanuatu, and 595.2/.7
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Four species new to science are described from Vanuatu, namely Holophygdon nishidae sp. n., Idiocysta vanuatuensis sp.n., Nesocypselas minicysta sp. n., and Tingis parvoroe sp. n. New records are provided for six species, five of them being new to Vanuatu: Cysteochila idonea Drake, Stephanitis subfasciata Horváth, Teleonemia scrupulosa Stål, Tingis chazeaui Guilbert, and Tingis irregularis (Montrouzier). A key to genera and species of Vanuatu is added., Eric Guilbert, and Lit
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
66. Tri-trophic interaction involving host plants, black legume aphid, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the predator, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
- Creator:
- Routray, Snehasish
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, polokřídlí, mšicovití, slunéčkovití, mšice, Hemiptera, Aphididae, Coccinellidae, aphids, Aphis craccivora, Coleoptera, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, tri-trophic interaction, host plants, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Interactions involving host plants (cowpea, groundnut, cotton, sunflower, greengram, blackgram) an insect herbivore, black legume aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and a predator, the zigzag beetle Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were investigated during 2014-2015. The preference of the aphid A. craccivora for host plants measured in terms of growth and multiplication was cowpea > groundnut > greengram > blackgram > sunflower > cotton (most preferred to least preferred). Cowpea was the most preferred host plant for growth and multiplication of A. craccivora. Aphid's oviposition period was longest, fecundity greatest; adult longevity longest (188.40 ± 28.87 h; 52.00 ± 10.92; 231.60 ± 40.41 h), and nymphal mortality was lowest (0%) when reared on cowpea followed by groundnut, greengram and blackgram. Aphids had highest nymphal mortality (100%), with very few or no live adults produced, when reared on sunflower and cotton, the least preferred host of A. craccivora in this study. At the third trophic level, both the larvae and the adults of the coccinellid, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, consumed more of the aphids reared on groundnut than of those reared on blackgram, greengram, cowpea, sunflower and cotton. The biochemical constituents (phenols) present in cotton and sunflower, which contributed to the aphid's nymphal mortality, also affected the feeding behaviour of the coccinellid., Snehasish Routray, Karnam V. Hari Prasad., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
67. Variability in the karyotypes, testes and ovaries of planthoppers of the families Issidae, Caliscelidae, and Acanaloniidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea)
- Creator:
- Maryańska-Nadachowska, Anna, Kuznetsova, Valentina, Gnezdilov, Vladimir, and Drosopoulos, Sakis
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea, Issidae, Caliscelidae, Acanaloniidae, karyotypes, holokinetic chromosomes, testes, ovaries, evolution, and systematics
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of this study was to obtain information on the karyotypes, testes and ovaries of three fulgoroid families, mainly in the Issidae but also in the Caliscelidae and Acanaloniidae. For the Issidae, the data is for 19 species belonging to 11 genera of the subtribes Issina (2 species, 1 genus), Hysteropterina (14 species, 9 genera) and Agalmatiina (3 species, 2 genera) of the tribe Issini. The male karyotypes are shown to be quite uniform across the tribe, with 2n = 26 + X in all species studied except Latilica maculipes (Melichar, 1906) with 2n = 24 + X. The modal karyotype, 2n = 26 + X, matches the most probable ancestral state in the Fulgoroidea. In the majority of cases the number of seminal follicles in males and ovarioles in females are stable within but fairly variable among the species, the modal value of the follicle number is 10 per testis. Contrary to what might be expected from other fulgoroid families, such as the Dictyopharidae and Delphacidae, the variability in these characters revealed neither regular trends nor evident correspondence with the taxonomy of Issidae. In the Caliscelidae, all species studied had testes consisting of 6 follicles each and karyotypes of 2n = 24 + X and 26 + XY, respectively, in 3 and 1 species. The only representative studied of the Acanaloniidae, Acanalonia bivittata (Say, 1825), had 2n = 24 + X and 13 follicles in its testis. The variability in all the characters investigated is discussed and compared to other fulgoroid families, primarily to the most extensively studied families, Delphacidae and Dictyopharidae.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public