We conducted an experiment to assess the predictive capability of a leaf optical meter for determining leaf pigment status of Acer mono Maxim., A. ginnala Maxim., Quercus mongolica Fisch., and Cornus alba displaying a range of visually different leaf colors during senescence. Concentrations of chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and total Chl [i.e., Chl (a+b)] decreased while the concentration of carotenoids (Car) remained relatively static for all species as leaf development continued from maturity to senescence. C. alba exhibited the lowest average concentration of Chl (a+b), Chl a, and Car, but the highest relative anthocyanin concentration, while Q. mongolica exhibited the highest Chl (a+b), Chl b, and the lowest relative anthocyanin concentration. A. mono exhibited the highest Chl a and Car concentrations. The relationships between leaf pigments and the values measured by the optical meter generally followed an exponential function. The strongest relationships between leaf pigments and optical measurements were for A. mono, A. ginnala, and Q. mongolica (R2 ranged from 0.64 to 0.95), and the weakest relationships were for C. alba (R2 ranged from 0.13 to 0.67). Moreover, optical measurements were more strongly related to Chl a than to Chl b or Chl (a+b). Optical measurements were not related to Car or relative anthocyanin concentrations. We predicted that weak relationships between leaf pigments and optical measurements would occur under very low Chl concentrations or under very high anthocyanin concentrations; however, these factors could not explain the weak relationship between Chl and optical measurements observed in C. alba. Overall, our results indicated that an optical meter can accurately estimate leaf pigment concentrations during leaf senescence - a time when pigment concentrations are dynamically changing - but that the accuracy of the estimate varies across species., Future research should investigate how species-specific leaf traits may influence the accuracy of pigment estimates derived from optical meters., G. Y. Li, D. P. Aubrey, H. Z. Sun., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Fluorescence microscopy and physiological examination revealed the presence of an inner cylinder of active photosynthetic cells located below the endodermis-like layer in stems of four of the six taxa of the tribe Salicornieae (Chenopodiaceae). and S. Redondo-Gómez ... [et al.].
Václav Koranda the Younger (1422-1516) was a traditional Utraquist, who carried on the thinking and the struggle of the Rokycana era whereby the Church offered communion under both kinds. He never moved outside the world of ideas derived from his university education, but at the same time he was strongly influenced by the growing Hussite tradition, seeing the focus of the truth revealed by Christ in the chalice and in other peculiarities of the Utraquist church. The finding of the Krnov Bible moves our knowledge of Koranda's conception of Scripture and of his then common knowledge of biblical exegesis and work with traditional aids for interpreting the Bible. This enables us to conceive Koranda's work with Holy Scripture and his understanding of the Bible as a whole through the interpretational key of "the eternal truth of Jesus Christ".
Václav Koranda the Younger (1422-1516) was a traditional Utraquist, who carried on the thinking and the struggle of the Rokycana era whereby the Church offered communion under both kinds. He never moved outside the world of ideas derived from his university education, but at the same time he was strongly influenced by the growing Hussite tradition, seeing the focus of the truth revealed by Christ in the chalice and in other peculiarities of the Utraquist church. The finding of the Krnov Bible moves our knowledge of Koranda's conception of Scripture and of his then common knowledge of biblical exegesis and work with traditional aids for interpreting the Bible. This enables us to conceive Koranda's work with Holy Scripture and his understanding of the Bible as a whole through the interpretational key of "the eternal truth of Jesus Christ".
Electrochromic changes of the Qy absorption bands of chromophores (dimeric and monomeric bacteriochlorophylls and bacteriopheophytins) were measured in reaction centres from purple photosynthetic bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The observed electrochromic effects could be decomposed to changes dne to negative charge on the acceptor quinone complex and positive charge on the dimer. The coiďumed additivity (superposition) of the electrochromic effects indicated that the chromophores had fixed geometry in redox transitions. The Qy absorption band of the bacteriopheophytin proved to be a very sensitive indicator of the relaxational processes of electric charges (protons and/or cations) in the vicinity of the quinones: (7) the bandwidth was affected by pH around 10 which was close to the pK of protonation of the reduced primary quinone, (2) absorption changes at 748 nm were observed after flash excitation with time constant characteristic to that of light- induced proton binding in reaction centres.
Th e author of this article speaks on the topic canon procedural law in Prague at the turn of 14th and 15th century. Th ere is tractate Processus iudiciarius secundum stilum Pragensem written by general vicar of Prague archbishop Nicolaus Puchnik in the 2nd half of the 80´s of 14th century. Th e main purpose of the article is paleographical, codicological and contentual analysis of all preserved manuscripts (13 pieces) of Processus and make fi liation diagram. High concern is focused on diff erences in personal and geographical names in manuscripts which are very important for providing origin and fi liation analysis. All these names and dates are highlited because the author considers them to be very important for provenance fi xing. Th ere are presented two fi liation diagrams. Th e article is attached by chart with chronological order of all manuscripts.
The author of this article speaks on the topic canon procedural law in Prague at the turn of 14th and 15th century. Th ere is tractate Processus iudiciarius secundum stilum Pragensem written by general vicar of Prague archbishop Nicolaus Puchnik in the 2nd half of the 80´s of 14th century. Th e main purpose of the article is paleographical, codicological and contentual analysis of all preserved manuscripts (13 pieces) of Processus and make fi liation diagram. High concern is focused on diff erences in personal and geographical names in manuscripts which are very important for providing origin and fi liation analysis. All these names and dates are highlited because the author considers them to be very important for provenance fi xing. Th ere are presented two fi liation diagrams. Th e article is attached by chart with chronological order of all manuscripts.
The author of this article speaks on the topic canon procedural law in Prague at the turn of 14th and 15th century. Th ere is tractate Processus iudiciarius secundum stilum Pragensem written by general vicar of Prague archbishop Nicolaus Puchnik in the 2nd half of the 80´s of 14th century. Th e main purpose of the article is paleographical, codicological and contentual analysis of all preserved manuscripts (13 pieces) of Processus and make fi liation diagram. High concern is focused on differences in personal and geographical names in manuscripts which are very important for providing origin and fi liation analysis. All these names and dates are highlited because the author considers them to be very important for provenance fixing. Th ere are presented two fi liation diagrams. Th e article is attached by chart with chronological order of all manuscripts.