Stať se zaměřuje na zkoumání příčin rostoucí mimomanželské plodnosti. Vychází z dat výzkumného šetření Sociální a ekonomické podmínky mateřství (SEPM) provedeného v roce 2006 v Sociologickém ústavu AV ČR. Tato data umožňují na mikroúrovni poodkrýt důvody, jakými neprovdané matky vysvětlovaly svoji vlastní rodinnou situaci při narození prvního dítěte. Analýza identifikovala tři typy motivací neprovdaných matek: nesouhlas/absence partnera, liberální postoje a pragmatické (ekonomické) důvody. Jednotlivé skupiny neprovdaných matek se lišily nejen postoji k manželství, ale i tím, jak vnímaly budoucnost vztahu s otcem dítěte. Příslušnost k jednotlivým skupinám souvisela s tím, jestli žena v době narození prvního dítěte žila v nesezdaném soužití s jeho otcem, s výší vzdělání a jejím věkem při narození prvního dítěte. Skupiny neprovdaných matek mají navíc rozdílné vyhlídky do dalšího rodinného života. V druhé části se příspěvek zaměřuje na to, jaké partnerské uspořádání považují neprovdané matky za ideální. Data SEPM ukazují, že velká část neprovdaných matek preferuje manželský svazek po předcházejícím nesezdaném soužití., Jana Chaloupková., 1 graf, 4 tabulky, and Obsahuje bibliografii
In this paper a comparison is made between the Czech Republic and other European countries regarding attitudes toward the ideal timing for childbirth. In 1990s there was a sharp increase in the postponement of the transition to parenthood in the Czech Republic. This development raises the question: Are normative beliefs in the Czech Republic regarding the timing of childbirth changing, and if so, are they becoming similar to the attitudes present in Western Europe? After a brief outline of the concept of age norms, beliefs regarding the ideal age of when to become a parent in European countries are explored using data from the European Social Survey 2006. In the final part of this paper there is a detailed analysis of Czech attitudes toward the ideal timing of the birth of the first child, using CVVM survey data from 2006, with a specific focus on cohort and educational differences. This research reveals that Czech attitudes toward the ideal age for mothers having a first child is intermediate between the patterns observed in (a) East European countries where the ideal is for a younger age, and (b) West European states where an older age preference is prevalent. In contrast, the ideal age for becoming a father for the first time in the Czech Republic is one of the oldest in Europe. Significantly, the proportion of the population that rejects age norms for reproduction exhibits little systematic pattern across Europe. Within the Czech Republic the survey evidence indicates that those who are less than 35 years old, and those who are most educated have a significantly older ideal age for having a first child than all others., Jana Chaloupková., 2 grafy, 6 tabulek, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé
Based on ISSP 2012 Family and Health, this paper focuses on informal caregiving for elderly, sick or disabled family members in the Czech Republic. Specifically, it investigates the socio-demographic characteristics of family caregivers. The findings show that the carers are more likely to be female of a productive age; and thus they often have to combine childcare, care for other family member and employment. Findings from this study also demonstrate that in case of women partnership status also influences care involvement. However, socioeconomic status measured by education does not have an effect on the provision of informal care because the institutional context in which private formal care is not widespread., Jana Klímová Chaloupková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Based on ISSP 2012 Family and Health, this paper focuses on informal caregiving for elderly, sick or disabled family members in the Czech Republic. Specifically, it investigates the socio-demographic characteristics of family caregivers. The findings show that the carers are more likely to be female of a productive age; and thus they often have to combine childcare, care for other family member and employment. Findings from this study also demonstrate that in case of women partnership status also influences care involvement. However, socioeconomic status measured by education does not have an effect on the provision of informal care because the institutional context in which private formal care is not widespread.
The results of research on domestic labour consistently show that
women are responsible for more housework tasks than men. At the same time, there is growing public awareness of gender role equality. However, there is little evidence on whether there has been any change in the perception of fairness in the division of housework and whether this view differs in different families. Using data from the ISSP 2002 and 2011/2012, this article seeks to explore the relationship between the division of housework and its perceived fairness. Using latent class regression analysis four distinct types of housework division and perceptions and individual characteristics that predict cluster membership of housework division are identified. The most prevalent type are couples in which there is a traditional division of housework and who divide further into two groups based on whether they view this division is fair or unfair. Cohabiting couples are more likely than married couples to share housework equally and to see this arrangement as fair. Based on a distributive justice perspective, important predictors of cluster membership are found to be relative income, economic activity, gender, and partnership status. However, the findings provide only limited evidence of any change in the division of housework and perceptions about housework in the Czech Republic over the last decade.