Dodatky k Příručnímu slovníku jazyka českého, které nebyly nikdy knižně vydány, se v roce 2011 (55 let od vydání posledního dílu PSJČ) dočkaly svého zveřejnění. Rukopis byl vyhledán v Archivu AV ČR, odkud se nakrátko vrátil zpátky do Ústavu pro jazyk český, a byl převeden do elektronické podoby. Do rukopisu, který se nachází ve formě jednotlivých lístků s heslovými slovy, nebylo přitom nijak obsahově zasahováno, a tak se zájemci mohou na stránkách ÚJČ AV ČR, v. v. i. (http://bara.ujc.cas.cz/bara/) seznámit s původní nedokončenou podobou Dodatků. Dodatky (ostatně jako celý PSJČ) se materiálově opíraly o lístkový lexikální archiv ÚJČ, zvláště o jeho druhou vrstvu, z níž vycházel i první normativní slovník češtiny Slovník spisovného jazyka českého. Četné shody s heslářem SSJČ byly jedním hlavních důvodů, proč Dodatky nakonec nikdy nevyšly. Jejich existence je nicméně významná zejména tím, že věrně ilustrují podobu českého lexika druhé poloviny čtyřicátých a takřka celých padesátých let, včetně mnohých neologismů, jež se do SSJČ pro svou krátkou životnost nedostaly a které (z lingvistického hlediska) dotvářejí komplexní obraz celospolečenských změn v Československu té doby., Addenda to Příruční slovník jazyka českého (''Desk Dictionary of the Czech Language'') that had never been printed were published in 2011, 55 years after the issue of the last volume of the Dictionary. The manuscript was found in the Archives of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and was temporarily transferred back to Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR (Institute for the Czech Language ASCR) to be converted into digital form. No modifications at all were made to the manuscript, consisting of cards with headwords, and the public may use the original incomplete work of the Addenda at the website of the Institute for the Czech Language at http://bara.ujc.cas.cz/bara/. The Addenda, just like the entire Dictionary, were based on the lexical archive of the Institute in the form of cards, especially the second layer on which the standardising Czech dictionary, Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (Dictionary of the Standardised Czech Language), was based. Numerous conformities with the headword base of the Standardised Language dictionary were one of the main reasons the Addenda were never published. However, their existence is important especially because they are a credible description of the Czech lexicon of the latter half of the 1940’s and almost the whole of the 1950’s, including many neologisms which were not included in the Standardised Language dictionary as they were only in use for a short time and which, from the linguistic point of view, help to provide a comprehensive picture of the major social changes under way in Czechoslovakia at that time.(Translated by Hynek Zlatník.), and Překlad resumé: Hynek Zlatník
Few peculiarities have been observed in the etiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), one such being its greater prevalence in men than women partly due to the higher expressions of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) in the male reproductive tissues. Recent scientific reports are in line with some of the evidence-based hypotheses in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, regarding the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) and oxidant-sensitive pathways in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection-mediated male reproductive disruptions. The seminal dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 or its components, testicular disruptions due to viral infection and oxidative damage in the testis have all been evidenced recently. High-dose of antioxidants, such as vitamin C, have been shown to be a useful treatment for COVID-19 patients, to alleviate systemic inflammation and OS. In addition, vitamin C is a major testicular antioxidant that neutralizes excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevents sperm agglutination, prevents lipid peroxidation, recycles vitamin E, and protects against DNA damage. Thus, the present review aims to discuss the mechanism of COVID-19- mediated male reproductive dysfunctions, based on the evidence available so far, and explore the possibility of using vitamin C in alleviating testicular OS and associated damage caused by COVID-19.
Water availability is one of the most important limiting factors in agriculture worldwide, particularly in arid and semiarid regions. Six spring wheat genotypes, i.e. three UK cultivars Cadenza, Paragon, and Xi-19 and three synthetic-derived lines L-22, L-24, and L-38, were grown in a phytotron under well-watered (until 40 days after sowing) and drought conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the traits related to photosynthetic capacity (net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, carboxylation capacity, instantaneous and intrinsic water-use efficiency) and plant biomass production in the cultivars and synthetic derivatives of wheat genotypes under well-watered and water-limited conditions. Genotypic variations in gas-exchange traits including net photosynthetic rate, carboxylation capacity, instantaneous water-use efficiency, and biomass yield were found amongst genotypes. Drought significantly reduced the total dry matter per plant. The synthetic derivatives L-22 and L-24 showed higher performance of stomata for most of the stomatal aperture characteristics. Total dry matter was positively related to net photosynthetic rate and to instantaneous and intrinsic water-use efficiencies. Finally, net photosynthetic rate was also positively related to stomatal conductance and transpiration rate under both the well-watered and water-limited drought conditions., S. Sikder, J. Foulkes, H. West, J. De Silva, O. Gaju, A. Greenland, P. Howell., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Simultaneous observations of the H-alpha and Ca II K floccular lines show that during the first three days of the newly formed flocculi the temperature grows gradually, while the density is practically constant. During the following days an increase in density is observed, The phase of increasing density does not occur in the case of faint flocculi. The K-line analysis of the six newly - formed sunspots indicates that the average cooling upward velocity equals 15 ms”' . An increase in sunspot induction was observed at the time of the flares (46 spots, Fig. 5).
The tetraphyliidean metacestode diversity of 310 teleost fishes, including 87 species from 31 families, was examined from Heron Island, The Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Eleven metacestode ‘types’ were identified with the use of light microscopy. Host-specificity varied greatly among metacestode types. Incorporation of in vitro cultivation allowed generic identification for some types. Types 1 and 2 belong to Uncibilocularis Southwell, 1925, and have triloculate bothridia and one pair of forked hooks with unequal prongs; Type 3 has quadriloculate bothridia. Hook development was insufficient to determine in which genus, Acanthobolhrium van Beneden, 1849 or Calliobothrium van Beneden, 1850, this type may belong. Type 4 has unilocular bothridia with simple edges and belongs to Anthobothrium van Beneden, 1850. Type 5 has multiloculated bothridia which are invaginated within pouches. This type belongs lo the Rhinebothriinae although its generic identity cannot be determined. The bothridia of Type 5 everted within 24 hours of in vitro cultivation and revealed the presence of two forms, one having 48 loculi per bothridium, the other 72 per bothridium. In vitro studies provide additional support for existing theories of onchobothriid scolex development.
The use of treated wastewater (TWW) for agricultural irrigation becomes increasingly important in water stressed regions like the Middle East for substituting fresh water (FW) resources. Due to elevated salt concentrations and organic compounds in TWW this practice has potential adverse effects on soil quality, such as the reduction of hydraulic conductivity (HC) and soil aggregate stability (SAS). To assess the impact of TWW irrigation in comparison to FW irrigation on HC, in-situ infiltration measurements using mini disk infiltrometer were deployed in four different long-term experimental orchard test sites in Israel. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were collected for analyzing SAS and determination of selected soil chemical and physical characteristics. The mean HC values decreased at all TWW sites by 42.9% up to 50.8% compared to FW sites. The SAS was 11.3% to 32.4% lower at all TWW sites. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were generally higher at TWW sites. These results indicate the use of TWW for irrigation is a viable, but potentially deleterious option, as it influences soil physical and chemical properties.