a1_We compared the interactive effects of temperature and light intensity on growth, photosynthetic performance, and antioxidant enzyme activity in Zizania latifolia Turcz. plants in this study. Plants were grown under field (average air temperature 9.6-25°C and average light intensity 177-375 W m-2) or greenhouse (20-32°C and 106-225 W m-2) conditions from the spring to the early summer. The results indicated that greenhouse-grown plants (GGP) had significantly higher plant height, leaf length, and leaf width, but lower leaf thickness and total shoot mass per cluster compared with field-grown plants (FGP). Tiller emergence was almost completely suppressed in GGP. Significantly higher chlorophyll (Chl) content and lower Chl a/b ratio were observed in GGP than in FGP. From 4 to 8 weeks after treatment (WAT), net photosynthetic rate (PN) was significantly lower in FGP than in GGP. However, from 9 to 12 WAT, PN was lower in GGP, accompanied by a decrease in stomatal conductance (gs) and electron transport rate (ETR) compared with FGP. Suppressed PN in GGP under high temperature combined with low light was also indicated by photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) response curve and its diurnal fluctuation 10 WAT. Meanwhile, ETR in GGP was also lower than in FGP according to the ETR - photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) curve. The results also revealed that GGP had a lower light saturation point (LSP) and a higher light compensation point (LCP). From 4 to 8 WAT, effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII), photochemical quenching (qP), and ETR were slightly lower in FGP than in GGP. The activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly higher from 4 to 8 WAT, but lower from 10 to 12 WAT in FGP., a2_However, catalase (CAT) activity was significantly lower in FGP from 4 to 8 WAT. Our results indicated that the growth and photosynthetic performance of Z. latifolia plants were substantially influenced by temperature, as well as light intensity. This is helpful to understand the physiological basis for a protected cultivation of this crop., N. Yan ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The notion of the half linearly ordered group (and, more generally, of the half lattice ordered group) was introduced by Giraudet and Lucas [2]. In the present paper we define the lexicographic product of half linearly ordered groups. This definition includes as a particular case the lexicographic product of linearly ordered groups. We investigate the problem of the existence of isomorphic refinements of two lexicographic product decompositions of a half linearly ordered group. The analogous problem for linearly ordered groups was dealt with by Maltsev [5]; his result was generalized by Fuchs [1] and the author [3]. The isomorphic refinements of small direct product decompositions of half lattice ordered groups were studied in [4].
Debata o tzv. "Novém Humovi“ byla v posledních desetiletích dominantním tématem humovské interpretace. James Hill ve svém příspěvku v tomto časopise (2011) podporuje hlavní požadavek "novohumovců“, který vymezuje Huma jako epistemologického skeptika a ontologického realistu. Vůči tomuto pojetí máme několik výhrad. Některé se týkají nejasností v definici realismu a celkově i smysluplnosti projektu „Nový Hume“. Některé se týkají konkrétních Hillových argumentů zaměřených na Humovy Dialogy a především jeho tvrzení, že v tomto díle lze nalézt další důkaz Humova realismu., The New Hume Debate has dominated the interpretations of Hume’s philosophy in the last few decades. James Hill in his contribution in this journal (2011) supports the central claim of the New Hume, defining Hume as an epistemological sceptic and an ontological realist. I raise certain objections to Hill’s views. Some concern the confusions in the definition of realism and, on a more general level, question the meaningfulness of the whole New Hume project. Some concern Hill’s arguments focused specifically on Hume’s Dialogues, in which he claims to have found further confirmation of Hume’s realism with regard to Causation., and Zuzana Parusniková.