Australotaenia de Chambrier et de Chambrier, 2010 has been proposed to accommodate two species of proteocephalidean cestodes from hylid frogs (Litoria spp.) in Australia. Recently, apparently congeneric cestode, for which the name A. bunthangi sp. n. is proposed, was found in the homalopsid snake Enhydris enhydris (Schneider) (Serpentes: Homalopsidae) from South-East Asia (Cambodia). This finding indicates a much wider range of definitive hosts of species of this genus, i.e. amphibians and reptiles, which is exceptional among proteocephalideans. Postcyclic parasitism, i.e. predation of the definitive host infected with sexually mature parasites, cannot be excluded but does not seem to be probable. In addition, the occurrence of A. bunthangi in the former Indochina extends the range of the geographical distribution of the genus to another zoogeographical region. The new species differs from both species of Australotaenia in the relative size of an apical organ, the diameter of which equals to that of suckers (versus much smaller in the remaining species, in which the width of the apical organ represents less than 2/3 of the diameter of the suckers), much smaller scolex and suckers (width 150 μm and diameter of suckers 50-55 μm versus 245-420 μm and 100-140 μm, respectively), and longer body (224 mm versus 57-121 mm). In addition, A. bunthangi differs from A. hylae (Johnston, 1912) (type-species of the genus) by the number of testes (46-64 versus 74-106 in A. hylae) and by the ovary width/proglottis width ratio (55-65% versus 68-71% in A. hylae). Australotaenia bunthangi differs from A. grobeli de Chambrier et de Chambrier, 2010 by relative size of the cirrus-sac (its length represents 18-24% of the width of the proglottis versus 27-33% in A. grobeli) and by the diameter of the embryophore (25-27 µm versus 18-23 µm in A. grobeli).
The following caryophyllidean tapeworms were found in freshwater fishes from Japan (species reported from Japan for the first time marked with an asterisk): family Caryophyllaeidae: Paracaryophyllaeus gotoi (Motomura, 1927) from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor); Archigetes sieboldi Leuckart, 1878 from Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel) and Sarcocheilichthys variegatus microoculus Mori (new hosts); family Lytocestidae: *Caryophyllaeides ergensi Scholz, 1990 from Tribolodon hakuensis (Günther), T. ezoe Okada et Ikeda, Hemibarbus barbus (Temminck et Schlegel) and Chaenogobius sp. (new hosts); Khawia japonensis (Yamaguti, 1934) from Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus; K. sinensis Hsü, 1935 from H. barbus (new host) and C. carpio; *K. parva (Zmeev, 1936) from Carassius auratus langsdorfii Valenciennes in Cuvier et Valenciennes and Carassius sp. (new hosts); and *Atractolytocestus sagittatus (Kulakovskaya et Akhmerov, 1962) from C. carpio; family Capingentidae: *Breviscolex orientalis Kulakovskaya, 1962 from H. barbus (new host); and Caryophyllidea gen. sp. (probably Breviscolex orientalis) from C. carpio. The validity of C. ergensi, originally described from Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis from Mongolia, is confirmed on the basis of an evaluation of extensive material from Japan. Atractolytocestus sagittatus (syn. Markevitschia sagittata) is tentatively considered a valid species, differing from the only congener, A. huronensis Anthony, 1958, in its considerably greater number of testes.
Examination of a total of 581 fish specimens of 15 species from 39 cenotes (sinkholes) in the Yucatan Peninsula, southeastern Mexico, revealed the presence of 10 species of adult trematodes. These were as follows: Saccocoelioides sogandaresi Lumsden, 1963, Saccocoelinides sp. (family Haploporidae), Cichlasotrema ujati Pineda et Andrade, 1989 (Angiodictyidae), Crassicutis cichlasomae Manter, 1936 (Homalometridae), Magnivitellinum simplex Kloss, 1966 (Macroderoididae), Stunkardiel-la minima (Stunkard, 1938) (Acanthostomidae), Oligogonotylus manieri Watson, 1976 (Cryptogonimidae), Genarchella tropica (Manter, 1936), G. astyanactis (Watson, 1976), and G. isabellae (Lamothe-Argumedo, 1977) (Derogenidae). Saccocoelioides sogandaresi is reported from Mexico for the first time. Poecilia velifera and P. latipunctata for S. sogandaresi, Cichlasoma octo-fasciatum for C. cichlasomae, Cichlasoma friedrichslahli and C. meeki for O. manieri, and C. meeki, C. octofasciatum and Go-hiomorus dormitor for C. isabellae represent new host records. Most species found are described and figured and their host range
During a study on parasites of fish from cenotes (= sinkholes) in the Yucatan Peninsula, the following cestodes and acanthocephalans were found in 581 freshwater fish of 15 species: the cestodes Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934, Bothriocephalus sp. (Bothriocephalidae), Nomimascolex sp. (Monticellidae), Proteocephalidea gen. sp. larv., Dendrouterina pa-pillifera (Fuhrmann, 1908) larv. and D. pilherodiae Mahon, 1956 larv. (Dilepididae), and the acanthocephalans Octospinifer-oides chandleri Bullock, 1957, Neoechinorhynchus golvani Salgado-Maldonado, 1978 (Neoechinorhynchidae), Polymorphus (syn. Arhythmorhynchus) brevis (Van Cleave, 1916) larv. (Polymorphidae), and an echinorhynchid larva. With the exception of B. acheilognathi, all tapeworms are found in Mexico for the first time; second-stage larvae of D. papillifera and D. pilherodiae from fish are reported for the first time.
Four new Dactylogyrus species (Dactylogyrus pallicirrus sp. n. from Cyprinion macrostomum and Cyprinion watsoni, D. rohdeianus sp. n. and D. capoetae sp. n. from Capotta damascina, and D. schizocypris sp. n. from Schizocypris hrucei) are described from endemic Iranian freshwater fishes. Comments on the monogenean fauna of Iranian freshwater fishes are presented.
A new trypanorhynch cestode, Grillotia borealis sp. n., is described from the spiral intestines of softnose skates of the genus Bathyraja collected from subarctic waters of the North Pacific Ocean: B. parmifera (Bean) (type host), B. aleutica (Gilbert) and B. interrupta (Gill et Townsend) from the Bering Sea and B. minispinosa Ishiyama et Ishihara and B. smirnovi (Soldatov et Pavlenko) from the Sea of Okhotsk off Japan. The new species is distinguished from other species of Grillotia by possession of the following combination of characters: four hooks per principal row, hooks 4(4') distinctly separated from hooks 3(3') of principal row, principal rows separated by 13-15 intercalary hooks in 2-3 rows, hooks 2(2') and 3(3') change in form along their respective files, hooks 1(1') do not change in form along the file, a broad band of microhooks on the external tentacular face, intermediary hooks are lacking, absence of a special basal armature, origin of the retractor muscle near middle of the bulb, average scolex ratio of 1 : 3 : 2 : 0.1, and a hermaphroditic sac. Grillotia borealis consistently favoured the most anterior regions of the spiral intestine. Seventy-one per cent of 21 attached worms occupied the most anterior chamber of the spiral valve and 52 per cent were embedded in the anterior surface of the spiral valve whorls. Factors which may limit the distribution of G. borealis within the spiral intestine of its host are discussed. Statistically significant differences occur in the mucosal morphology of B. aleutica and B. parmifera for villus length, diameter, spatial arrangement and number per unit area along the antero-posterior axis of the spiral intestine.
A total of 23 uropodine species of the genus Trachytes (Acari, Mesostigmata) are reliably recorded to occur in Central Europe and included in identification keys for adults (23 spp.) and deutonymphal stages (9 spp.), respectively. For the first time, the diagnostic characters of deutonymphs of the species T. baloghi, T. minima, T. minimasimilis, T. mystacinus and T. splendida are figured. Ten species found in Slovakia are redescribed (T. aegrota, T. baloghi, T. hirschmanni, T. irenae, T. lamda, T. minima, T. minimasimilis, T. mystacinus, T. pauperior and T. splendida) and characterised by their external morphology, geographic distribution and ecological requirements in terms of habitat preference, affinity to merocoenoses and vertical distribution. The zoogeographic origin of Trachytes is analysed. Most species are found only in woodlands and have not been recorded in the distribution area of the Pannonian flora in Central Europe (except for T. aegrota and T. baloghi). Short taxonomic remarks are given for the species of dubious taxonomic status or whose occurrence is not reliably known.
The paper presents a survey of the metacercariae of trematodes found in 581 fishes of 15 species from 39 cenotes (sinkholes) of the Yucatan Peninsula, southeastern Mexico. The following 21 species were found: Echinochasmus sp. 1, Echino-chasmus sp. 2, Echinostomatinae gen. sp. (family Echinostomatidae), Stunkardiella minima (Stunkard, 1938), Alrophecaecum (?) astorquii (Watson, 1976), Peiaezia loossi (Pérez Vigueras, 1957) (Acanthostomidae); Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) tenuicollis Price, 1935, Ascocotyle (Ascolotyle) sp. 1, Ascocotyle (Phagicola) diminuta (Stunkard et Haviland, 1924), Ascocotyle (Phagicola) sp. 2 (= Phagicola angrense Travassos, 1916 of Salgado-Maldonado and Aguirre-Macedo, 1991), Ascocotyle (Phagicola) sp. 3 (Heterophyidae); Cladocystis trifolium (Braun, 1901) (Opisthorchiidae); Oligogonotylus manieri Watson, 1976 (Cryptogonimidae); Clinostomum cf. complanatum (Rudolphi, 1814) (Clinostomidae); Diplostomum (Auslrodiplostomum) com-paclum (Lutz, 1928), Posthodiplostomum minimum (MacCallum, 1921), Posthodiplostomum sp. (Diplostomidae); Neodiplos-tomidae gen. sp. 1 ; Neodiplostomidae gen. sp. 2 (Neodiplostomidae); and Apharyngostrigea sp. (Strigeidae). All species found are described and figured, and their life cycles are briefly discussed.
During a survey of the parasites of freshwater fishes from cenotes (sinkholes) of the Yucatan Peninsula the following species of monogeneans were found on cichlid, pimelodid, characid and poeciliid fishes: Sciadicleithrum mexicanum Kritsky, Vidal-Martinez et Rodriguez-Canul, 1994 from C.ichlasoma urophthalmus (Giinther) (type host), Cichlasoma friedrichsthali (Heckel), Cichlasoma octofasciatum (Regan), and Cichlasoma synspilum Hubbs, all new host records; Sciadicleithrum meekii Mcndoza-Franco, Scholz et Vidal-Martinez, 1997 from Cichlasoma meeki (Brind); Urocleidoides chavarriai (Price, 1938) and Urocleidoides travassosi (Price, 1938) from Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther); Urocleidoides costaricensis (Price et Bussing, 1967), Urocleidoides heteroancistrium (Price et Bussing, 1968), Urocleidoides anops Kritsky et Thatcher, 1974, Anacanthocotyle anacanthocolyle Kritsky et Fritts, 1970, and Gyrodaclylus neotropicalis Kritsky et Fritts, 1970 from Aslyanax fasciatus; and Gyrodactylus sp. from Gambusia yucatana Regan. Urocleidoides chavarriai, U. travassosi, U. costaricensis, U. heteroancistrium, U. anops, Anacanthocotyle anacanthocotyle and Gyrodactylus neotropicalis are reported from North America (Mexico) for the first time. These findings support the idea about the dispersion of freshwater fishes and their monogenean parasites from South America through Central America to southeastern Mexico, following the emergence of the Panamanian isthmus between 2 and 5 million years ago.