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4. F. A. Hayek a (abstraktní) pravidla

Creator:
Svoboda, Vladimír
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
filozofie, philosophy, Friedrich A. Hayek, abstraktní pravidla, implicitní pravidla, normy, pravidelnosti, abstract rules, implicit rules, norms, regularities, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek reflektuje Hayekovy výklady o povaze pravidel. Ukazuje, že jeho pojetí pravidel je extrémně široké a vazba mezi pravidly a pravidelnostmi je nepřijatelně úzká. Následně je nastíněno alternativní - užší - vymezení pojmu pravidla. Nakonec je podrobeno kritice Hayekovo příliš úzké chápání pojmu normativních pravidel a je navrženo jeho širší vymezení., The article reflects on Hayek's expositions concerning the nature of rules. It shows that his conception of rules is extremely wide, and that the bond between rules and regularities is too tight. Subsequently an alternative - narrower - delineation of the concept of rule is proposed. In the last part of the paper Hayek's too narrow a conception of normative rules is subjected to criticism and a broader conception is proposed., and Vladimír Svoboda.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

7. Nad knihou o jazykovém managementu v kontaktových situacích

Creator:
Homoláč, Jiří
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
linguistics, jednoduchý a organizovaný jazykový management, normy, kontaktové situace, simple and organized management, norms, contact situation, 11, and 81
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article analyzes and evaluates the book Language Management in Contact Situations: Perspectives from Three Continents (Nekvapil - Sherman, 2009a). The first section summarizes the basic features of Language Management Theory (LMT) itself. The second section reviews a selection of the individual chapters, devoted to, for example, internet discussions between native English speakers concerning the problems of acquiring and using Czech or meetings between Japanese students and various non-native speakers of Japanese. In the discussion section, the author observes that there are differences between the authors working with LMT, above all regarding whether they define the norms guiding speakers in individual interactions, as well as the degree to which they analyze the (linguistic) behavior of speakers as bound to specific interactions. The book is evaluated as thought-provoking given its emphasis of on the inseparability of linguistic behavior and behavior-toward-language and on the processual character of language management, and can thus serve as inspiration for research on the Czech language situation as a multilingual one., Jiří Homoláč., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

8. Normalizace papírového formátu v bankovní kanceláři. Cesta k jednotné komunikaci a úřadování ve 20.-40. letech 20. století /

Creator:
Vrchotová, Lenka
Type:
text and studie
Subject:
Knihařství. Sklenářství. Kancelářské potřeby, kanceláře, banky, korespondence úřední, papír, formáty, normy, standardizace, Československo 1918-1945, finančnictví, and diplomatika, edice
Language:
Czech
Description:
Standardisation of paper format in the bank office. The road to unified communication in official practice from the 1920s to the 1940s.
Rights:
unknown

9. Normatívnosť tvrdenia

Creator:
Koreň, Ladislav
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
filozofie, philosophy, tvrdenie, normy, odôvodnenie, poznanie, assertion, norms, inferentialism, knowledge, 5, and 101
Language:
Czech
Description:
Cieľom štúdie je vysvetliť motiváciu a podstatu filozofických koncepcií, podľa ktorých je tvrdenie normatívny fenomén. Začnem tým, že zmapujem kľúčové myšlienky k problematike tvrdenia, a lokalizujem typické normatívne prístupy. Potom rozoberiem, čo vlastne znamená povedať, že tvrdenie je normatívnym fenoménom špecifického druhu, a predložím špekulatívno-hypotetickú rekonštrukciu genézy tvrdiacej jazykovej hry - presnejšie, jej protoformy - ktorá by mala vyzdvihnúť jej charakteristické sociálno-normatívne aspekty. Na tomto základe postavím kritické porovnanie dvoch reprezentatívnych normatívnych prístupov k tvrdeniu: pragmatického inferencializmu Roberta Brandoma a Knowledge Account of Assertion Timothyho Williamsona. Budem argumentovať, že Brandomov prístup adekvátnejšie vystihuje sociálnu povahu tvrdenia, esenciálnu pre túto rečovú hru., My aim in this study is to explain both motivation and main ideas of those philosophical accounts of assertion that take it to be a normative phenomenon. I first draw a map of key ideas pertaining to the problem and localize on it typical normative accounts. Then I take up the issue of what it means to say that assertion is a normative phenomenon, putting forward a speculative-hypothetical reconstruction of the genesis of the assertoric game - or, rather, its protoform - to bring to the fore social-normative aspects characteristic of it. This will provide the basis for a critical comparison of two representative normative approaches to assertion: pragmatic inferentialism of Robert Brandom, and Knowledge Account of Assertion of Timothy Williamson. I shall argue that Brandom's normative approach to assertion is superior, as it much better accounts for a social dimension of assertion that is essential to this language game., and Ladislav Koreň.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public