Fundamental research of the hydrologic cycle in Volyňka catchment was established by the Institute of Hydrodynamics (Academy of Sciences of CR) in 1964. Since 1975 hydrologic cycle is monitored in the Liz catchment (spruce forest), Zábrod arable land and Zábrod meadow experimental areas. These experimental sites are situated in the mountainous and submontane region (800 - 1100 m a.s.l.) of the Šumava Mts. (Bohemian Forest). Influence of plant transpiration on the air temperature and entropy production is analyzed. Stabilizing role of both the water retention in a catchment and plant transpiration is evaluated. It was found that under conditions of sufficient retention capacity of a catchment (mainly the soil) and the area covered by transpiring vegetation, the hydrologic cycle was resistant to the great climatic perturbances in the growing seasons 1983, 1992 and 1994. and Ústav pro hydrodynamiku AV ČR započal v roce 1964 experimentální hydrologický výzkum v povodí Volyňky. Od roku 1975 probíhá soustavné měření charakteristik hydrologického cyklu na vrcholových povodích Liz a Albrechtec (lesní porost) a experimentálních plochách Zábrod-pole a Zábrod-louka ve Vimperské vrchovině (800 až 1100 m n. m., Šumava). Monitoring prokazuje, že jednou z příčin relativní stability teplot přízemní atmosféry a odtoků z horských povodí je transpirace rostlin ve vegetační sezóně umožněná retencí vody v povodí. Dostatečná retenční schopnost krajiny (zejména půdy) a dostatečná transpirace vegetačního krytu dodávají hydrologickému koloběhu cyklický charakter. Bylo prokázáno, že vodou dostatečně zásobený hydrologický cyklus na povodí Liz dobře odolává velkým jednorázovým perturbacím spojeným se zvětšením příkonu tepla, jako tomu bylo v letech 1983, 1992 a 1994 (následek výbuchu sopky El Chichon v roce 1982 a Mont Pinatubo v roce 1991).
Povodně a sucho se v posledních letech skloňují ve všech pádech. Často se v tomto kontextu zmiňuje potřeba budování přehrad a dalších nákladných děl, která však řeší jen důsledek mnohdy špatné péče o krajinu. Ne každý si totiž uvědomuje, jak důležitou roli hraje v koloběhu vody půda a stav krajiny. Kvalitní a nedegradovaná půda dokáže poutat značné množství vody, čímž reguluje dopady obou klimatických extrémů. Pestrá krajina s přirozenými mokřady a dalšími krajinnými prvky s vodou hospodaří lépe než krajina plná velkých půdních bloků s monokulturami zemědělských plodin a regulovanými vodními toky. and Jiří Hladík, Jan Vopravil, Marek Batysta.
Hydrologic cycle in the Liz catchment is described with an anomaly in the vegetation seasons 1992-1996. Experimental catchment Liz is located in the Šumava Mts. in the Czech Republic. The fully forested watershed is covered by mature spruce forest, and its basic characteristics are as follows: drainage area 0.99 km2, mean discharge 0.01m3 s-1, runoff coefficient 0.38, mean annual air temperature 6.30 oC, average slope 17 %, basin length 1.45 km, water course length 1.43 km, elevation 828-1074 m a.s.l., precipitation sum 851 mm year-1, and runoff depth 324 mm year-1. Air temperature, precipitation, global radiation, and discharge in the closing profile are measured in the catchment. It is characteristic for hydrologic cycle in the catchment that the share of seasonal sums of both the global radiation and temperature was nearly constant in 1983-2000. However, the seasonal sums of both the global radiation and temperature were changed considerably in 1983-2000. Similarly, the share of seasonal sums of both the rainfall and runoff was nearly constant in 1983-1991 and 1997-1999. An anomalous course of climate was registered in 1992-1996, manifested by a deviation on the double mass curve of the seasonal sums of rainfall and runoff. Stabilised elsewhere, the ratio of rainfall and runoff is changed during the vegetation seasons 1992-1996. Starting from the 1997 season, this ratio has obtained the value held before 1992. The reason of the 1992-1996 anomaly of hydrologic cycle in the experimental catchment had to be significant external phenomenon, most likely explosion of the Mount Pinatubo volcano in Philippines on June 15, 1991. and Hydrologic cycle in the Liz catchment is described with an anomaly in the vegetation seasons 1992- 1996. Experimental catchment Liz is located in the Šumava Mts. in the Czech Republic. The fully forested watershed is covered by mature spruce forest, and its basic characteristics are as follows: drainage area 0.99 km2 , mean discharge 0.01m3 s -1, runoff coefficient 0.38, mean annual air temperature 6.30 ºC, average slope 17 %, basin length 1.45 km, water course length 1.43 km, elevation 828-1074 m a.s.l., precipitation sum 851 mm year-1, and runoff depth 324 mm year-1. Air temperature, precipitation, global radiation, and discharge in the closing profile are measured in the catchment. It is characteristic for hydrologic cycle in the catchment that the share of seasonal sums of both the global radiation and temperature was nearly constant in 1983-2000. However, the seasonal sums of both the global radiation and temperature were changed considerably in 1983-2000. Similarly, the share of seasonal sums of both the rainfall and runoff was nearly constant in 1983-991 and 1997-1999. An anomalous course of climate was registered in 1992-1996, manifested by a deviation on the double mass curve of the seasonal sums of rainfall and runoff. Stabilised elsewhere, the ratio of rainfall and runoff is changed during the vegetation seasons 1992-1996. Starting from the 1997 season, this ratio has obtained the value held before 1992. The reason of the 1992-1996 anomaly of hydrologic cycle in the experimental catchment had to be significant external phenomenon, most likely explosion of the Mount Pinatubo volcano in Philippines on June 15, 1991.