The hematological and biochemical parameters were determined in blood of chemically immobilized pregnant and non-pregnant free ranging red, Cervus elaphus, and fallow, Dama dama, deer. In both species a marked reduction of red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit, as well as higher concentration of triacylgliceride, cholesterol, creatinine and alanine aminotransferase activity were detected in pregnant animals. Significant differences in blood parameters were determined between the two cervid species. The red deer hinds had higher hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin value, higher count of neutrophils and lymphocytes and a total white blood cells count, glucose, albumin, triacylgliceride and urea concentration, whereas fallow deer does had higher alanine aminotransferase activity and cholesterol concentration. The marked differences in blood glucose values were noted between pregnant animals regarding the species. Pregnant hinds had lower lymphocyte count than non-pregnant ones, while pregnant does had more than twice lymphocyte count in their blood than non-pregnant animals. Moreover, pregnant fallow deer does had rather high eosinophile count in the blood. The results provided by this research may facilitate better assessment of health status in free ranging red and fallow deer.
In the present study, the effect of polycyclic musk compound tonalide (AHTN) in two concentrations was studied in male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792). A feeding trial was conducted with AHTN incorporated into feed granules. One concentration was environmentally relevant (854 µg/kg); the second one was 10× higher (8699 µg/kg). The fish were fed twice a day with the amount of feed at 1 % of their body weight. After an acclimatization period, the experimental phase in duration of six weeks followed. At the end of the experiment, fish were sampled and the biometrical data were recorded. Subsequently, hematological and biochemical tests, histopathological examination, analysis of oxidative stress markers and evaluation of endocrine disruption using plasma vitellogenin were performed. In conclusion, an increase of hematocrit for both AHTN concentrations was found, but no significant changes were observed in biochemical profile. Moreover, AHTN caused lipid peroxidation in caudal kidney tissue, which was confirmed by histopathological images. The long-lasting AHTN exposure could thus be harmful for maintaining homeostasis in the rainbow trout organism. However, the vitellogenin concentration seemed not to be affected by AHTN.
Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis, while hemojuvelin is an important component of the hepcidin regulation pathway. It has been recently proposed that soluble hemojuvelin, produced from hemojuvelin by the protease furin, decreases hepcidin expression. The aim of the presented study was to examine the downregulation of hepcidin by chronic bleeding in hemojuvelin-mutant mice. Male mice with targeted disruption of the hemojuvelin gene (Hjv-/- mice) and wild-type littermates were maintained on an iron-deficient diet and subjected to weekly phlebotomies for 7 weeks. Gene expression was examined by real-time PCR. In wild type mice, repeated bleeding decreased hepcidin mRNA by two orders of magnitude. In Hjv-/- mice, basal hepcidin expression was low; however, repeated bleeding also decreased hepcidin mRNA content by an order of magnitude. Phlebotomies reduced hepatic iron overload in Hjv-/- mice by 80 %. Liver and muscle furin mRNA content was not significantly changed. No effect on hepatic Tmprss6 mRNA content was observed. Results from the study indicate that soluble hemojuvelin is not the sole factor responsible for hepcidin downregulation. In addition, the presented data suggest that, under in vivo conditions, tissue hypoxia does not transcriptionally regulate the activity of furin or TMPRSS6 proteases., J. Krijt ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The tissue factor (TF) is one of the most important regulators of arterial thrombosis. Because arterial thrombosis is the pathophysiologic background of acute coronary syndrome, the possible impact of blocking the arterial thrombosis on its onset is a challenging problem. The investigations of TF brought a new concept of “cell-based coagulation model” which highlighted the question of blood-borne TF as a source of TF in circulating blood. In this review we summarize essential information on the pathophysiology, molecular structure, expression and distribution of TF and we propose a novel concept of blood-borne TF, suggesting the possibilities of inhibition of the coagulation cascade with newly synthetized drugs., M. A. Malý, P. Tomašov, P. Hájek, P. Blaško, I. Hrachovinová, P. Salaj, J. Veselka., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy