National report for the purposes of the 19th International Congress of Comparative Law Vienna2014 deals with the civil law consequences of corruption in international commercial contracts from the perspectiveof the Czech law. The report answers the questions of what actions may be considered corruptionand classified as criminal acts. Attention is paid to civil law statutory regulation, i.e. unfair competitionwhere the New Czech Civil Code is taken into consideration. The authors deal also with the applicability ofgeneral legal instruments of private law as good morals or principles of fair business conduct.
The article deals with corruption in Bavaria and Prussia around
1800. In accordance with recent research, the author assumes corruption as a socially constructed phenomenon that is subjected to a historical change. In this article, he tries to show how a new notion of corruption appeared in public, became a weapon in political conflicts and influenced the legal and administrative reforms in both German monarchies. The author concludes
that corruption charges might be seen as a driving force behind the legal reforms: The reformers in both countries tried to delegitimise the old regime by corruption charges and, thus, cleared the way for bureaucratic reforms.This delegitimation can be observed in public debates, in internal discussions and in the new laws themselves.
The principal questions of this case study concern the birth of a new political regime, the first years of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise: which legal, political and moral norms regulated the enrichment of politicians and where contemporary discourse posited the limits of corruption. The article answers these questions through the analysis of the cases of some Hungarian politicians. The author explores the varied sources available about the incriminating affairs: archival materials, personal documents,
and newspapers, together with a number of literary representations of the problem. The historical data serve to demonstrate that corruption is an elastic notion. Studying the discourse of corruption highlights that neither the seriousness of the deed nor the truth of the accusations was important, in fact political situation alone determined if the politicians would be blackened or not. The Compromise Era offers a number of examples of the establishment of this new form of political infighting and its first successful application. and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
In this article the author deals with the essentiality of corruption.
This text is intended to be a contribution to the debate on the
definition of corruption and clientelism. The author focuses on distinction between public and private sphere and tries to explain why corruption and clientelism are phenomena related only to the public one. In the other words: why “bribery” within private sphere
(for example within interaction between two employees of two private companies) cannot be considered as corruption in its meaning used in social sciences.