The aim of our study was to determine the effect of selected cytostatics on a human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 as a model system for ovarian cancer treatment. This cell line is considered cisplatin-sensitive. Panel of tested cytostatics included cisplatin, paclitaxel, carboplatin, gemcitabine, topotecan and etoposide. These cytostatics have a different mechanism of action. To evaluate cytotoxic potential of the tested compounds, the methods measuring various toxicological endpoints were employed including morphological studies, MTT assay, dynamic monitoring of cell proliferation with xCELLigence, cell cycle analysis, caspase 3 activity and expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and cell death. The A270 cell line showed different sensitivity towards the selected cytostatics, the highest cytotoxic effect was associated with paclitaxel and topotecan., Kateřina Caltová, Miroslav Červinka, and Literatura 38
We have previously shown that chronic renal failure in rats induces changes in motor activity and behavior. Similar work on the possible effects of acute renal failure (ARF) induced by cisplatin (CP) is lacking. This is the subject matter of the current work. CP was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a single dose of 20 mg/kg to induce a state of ARF, and three days later, its effects on motor activity, thermal and chemical noci ceptive tests, neuromuscular coordination, pentobarbitone-sleeping time, exploration activity and tw o depression models were investigated. The platinum concentration in the kidneys and brains of mice was also measured. The occurrence of CP-induced ARF was ascertained by standard physiological, biochemical and histo-pathological methods. CP induced all the classical biochemical, physiological and histopathological signs of ARF. The average renal platinum concen tration of CP-treated mice was 5.16 ppm, but there was no measurable concentration of platinum in the whole brains. CP treatment significantly decreased motor and exploration activities, and increased immobility time in depression models, suggesting a possible depression-like state. There was also a significant decrease in neuromuscular coordination in CP-treated mice. CP, given at a nephrotoxic dose, induced several adverse motor and behavioral alterations in mice. Further behavioral tests and molecular and biochemical investigations in the brains of mice with CP-induced ARF are warranted., B. H. Ali ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Karcinom jícnu je onemocnění s 90% mortalitou, ale část pacientů s lokálně pokročilým onemocněním může dlouhodobě přežívat díky multidisciplinární léčbě. Dokladem je tato kazuistika 40letého muže s dlaždicovým karcinomem středního jícnu prorůstajícím do dýchacích cest ve stadiu T4N1M0. Prvním léčebným zákrokem bylo zavedení Dumon Y-stentu do dýchacích cest jako urgentní zábrana sufokace. V dalším postupu byla použita konkomitantní chemoradioterapie, s dávkou záření 66Gy/33 frakcí/47 dní normofrakcionací. Chemoterapie v kombinaci cisplatina a fluorouracil byla podávána v celkové délce 6 cyklů, s ozářením během 2. a 3. cyklu. Na CT po léčbě byla zjištěna částečná regrese nádoru, endoskopické biopsie z jícnu i průdušek byly negativní. V prvním roce po chemoradioterapii bylo nutno řešit těsnou stenózu jícnu s příznaky až úplné afagie, což se podařilo zvládnout dilatacemi. V dalším období stav nemocného komplikovaly endobronchiální granulace řešené lokálním ošetřením laserem a jejich mechanickým snesením. Opakované biopsie ukazovaly na lokální progresi tumoru endobronchiálně, takže byla indikována paliativní chemoterapie docetaxelem, která byla podávána po dobu 1 roku. Během tohoto období opakované endobronchiální biopsie neprokázaly karcinom, CT hrudníku se normalizovalo, stav pacienta se zlepšil. Posléze byl odstraněn Y-stent 25 měsíců po zavedení a ukončena chemoterapie. Při kontrole 3 roky po diagnóze byl pacient bez známek nádoru., Esophageal cancer is characterized by 90 % mortality. Nevertheless, the part of the patients suffering from locally advanced disease can survive for a long time thanks to the multidisciplinar treatment. This fact can be documenetd by this case report of 40 year old man with squamous cell carcinoma of medial oesophagus intergrowing to respiratory tract, stage T4N1M0. At the start of the treatment Dumon Y stent was introduced into airways to avoid suffocation. Then, the concurrent chemoradiotherapy was used, with the radiation dose of 66Gy/33 fractions/47 days. Chemotherapy using combinationof cisplatin and fluorouracil was administered in the total length of 6 cycles, with the radiation applied during the second and third cycle. After the treatment, CT revealed the partial regression of the tumor, while endoscopic biopsies from oesophagus and bronchial tubes being negative for malignancy. During the first year after the chemoradiotherapy the tight stenosis of the oesophagus with the total aphagia was to be solved using the repeated dilatations. During the following period, the illness course was complicated by endobronchial granulations, treated by the local laser treatment and mechanical ablation, as well. Repeated biopsies shown the local endobronchial progression of the tumor, so that the paliative chemotherapy with the docetaxel was applicated, lasting one-year. During this period, repeated endobronchial biopsies did not proved a malignancy, CT finding was normalized and the patient´s status was improved. Finally, the Y stent was removed 25 months after insertion, and the chemotherapy was ended. Three years after the diagnosis, the patient had no signs of the tumor recurrence., Milada Zemanová, Pavel Vítek, Martina Vašáková, Aleš Novotný, Eva Maisnerová, and Literatura