Present study aimed to explore the levels and correlation of oxidative stress biomarkers with anthropometry in a population of young Saudi females. One hundred six normotensives, non-diabetic Saudi females, with minimally active lifestyle, based on their body mass index (BMI) were divided as; normal-weight (NW; n=52), overweight (OW; n=24) and obese (OB; n=30). Anthropometric measurements [BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), Body Density (BD), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), % Body fat] and oxidative stress biomarkers; Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), 8-hydroxy-2- deoxyguanosine (8-OH-2dG: indicative of DNA/RNA damage), Superoxide dismutase, Serum total antioxidant capacity) were recorded. There was statistically significant higher 8-OH-2dG (pg/ml) in OB compared to NW (800.63±6.19 vs. 780.22±3.34; p=0.007), as determined by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. 8-OH-2dG was significantly and positively associated with BMI (r=0.286, p=0.004), WC (r=0.280, p=0.005), BAI (r=0.26, p=0.008), and % body fat (r=0.27, p=0.006). There may be significantly increased DNA damage in normoglycemic, normotensive obese adolescent females. This can be linked to the amount of adipose tissue in the body as depicted by strong positive association between DNA damage and BMI, WC, BAI, and % body fat., R. Latif, N. Rafique., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Obestatin is a recently discovered peptide produced in the stomach, which was originally described to suppress food intake and decrease body weight in experimental animals. We investigated fasting plasma obestatin levels in normal weight, obese and anorectic women and associations of plasma obestatin levels with anthropometric and hormonal parameters. Hormonal (obestatin, ghrelin, leptin, insulin) and anthropometric parameters and body composition were examined in 15 normal weight, 21 obese and 15 anorectic women. Fasting obestatin levels were significantly lower in obese than in normal weight and anorectic women, whereas ghrelin to obestatin ratio was increased in anorectic women. Compared to leptin, only minor differences in plasma obestatin levels were observed in women who greatly differed in the amount of fat stores. However, a negative correlation of fasting obestatin level with body fat indexes might suggest a certain role of obestatin in the regulation of energy homeostasis. A significant relationship between plasma obestatin and ghrelin levels, independent of anthropometric parameters, supports simultaneous secretion of both hormones from the common precursor. Lower plasma obestatin levels in obese women compared to normal weight and anorectic women as well as increased ghrelin to obestatin ratio in anorectic women might play a role in body weight regulation in these pathologies., H. Zamrazilová, V. Hainer, D. Sedláčková, H. Papežová, M. Kunešová, F. Bellisle, M. Hill, J. Nedvídková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Although the relationships between thyroid function and anthropometric parameters were studied in patients with thyroid disorders and in morbidly obese subjects, such data in normal healthy population are scarce. In our study, relationships between factors of body composition, fat distribution and age with hormones of the pituitary-thyroid axis were evaluated in a large, randomly selected sample of normal adult Czech population comprising of 1012 men and 1625 women. Our results exhibited weak, but significant relationships between body composition, body fat distribution and the parameters of pituitary-thyroid axis. Some of these associations were gender-specific. As shown by backward stepwise regression model, body fat distribution evaluated by centrality index (subscapular/triceps skinfold ratio) was negatively associated with free triiodothyronine (fT3) serum levels only in women, while a positive correlation of fT3 with BMI was specific for men. BMI was inversely related to free thyroxine (fT4) concentrations in women but not in men. The centrality index (CI) was positively related to TSH levels in both genders. The fT3/fT4 ratio, reflecting deiodinase activity, was inversely related to age and positively related to BMI in both genders, while the highly significant negative correlation between CI and fT3/fT4 ratio was specific for women., M. Dvořáková, M. Hill, J. Čeřovská, Z. Pobišová, R. Bílek, P. Hoskovcová, V. Zamrazil, V. Hainer., and Obsahuje bibliiografii a bibliografické odkazy
This study was designed primarily to identify relationships among indices of muscle tissue structure (m. vastus lateralis) and of somatic qualities (anthropometric parameters) in 44 untrained men and 105 well-trained athletes. The ratio of glycolytic to oxidative muscle fibres was significantly less (P<0.05) in endurance athletes as opposed to both the controls and the power athletes. Correlations between anthropometric factors and indices of muscle morphology were stronger in trained men, particularly in power athletes. Relationships between body fat and muscle fibre distribution were low in trained and untrained subjects. Documented muscle plasticity may enhance relationships between somatic and muscle tissue indices. Our results suggest that the response of the three major muscle fibre types to prolonged training may be relatively high. Finally, it was proposed that enhanced oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle might be characteristic of those resistant to heart disease.