The present study was designed to evaluate the plasma markers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and cytokines, and their relationship with thiol redox status of basketball players during training. Sixteen professional players of the Polish Basketball Extraleague participated in the study. The study was performed during the preparatory period and the play-off round. Markers of ROS activity (lipid peroxidation TBARS, protein carbonylation PC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) demonstrated regularity over time, i.e. TBARS, PC and GSH were elevated at the beginning and decreased at the end of training periods. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was not affected by exercise training. Thiol redox status (GSHtotal-2GSSG/GSSG) correlated with TBARS and PC in both training periods. The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was increased and positively correlated with thiol redox (r=0.423) in the preparatory period, whereas tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was increased and inversely correlated with thiol redox (r=-0.509) in the play-off round. The present study showed significant shifts in markers of ROS activity, thiol redox status and inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNFα) following professional sport training as well as correlation between changes in thiol redox and cytokine response., A. Zembron-Lacny, M. Slowinska-Lisowska, A. Ziemba., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between dietary iron intake (both haeme- and non-haeme-iron) and its status in trained female subjects. Forty female athletes and forty non-trained women of the same age participated in this study. Blood samples were taken to assess haematological (red blood cell count - Er, haemoglobin concentration - Hb, packed cell volume - PCV) and iron related parameters (serum ferritin concentration - SF, serum iron concentration - SI, total iron binding capacity - TIBC). A self questionnaire was used to record food intake for seven days and diets were analyzed on the basis of mean daily nutrient intake, energy values, iron intake and sources of dietary iron. According to established clinical criteria for iron deficiency some athletes and control subjects shown iron depletion (20 % and 10 %, respectively), iron deficiency erythropoiesis (10 % and 7.5 %, respectively) and iron-deficient anaemia (10 % and 7.5 %, respectively). There was no difference in the mean total dietary iron intake between the two female groups, while the mean intake of haeme-iron was significantly lower in the control group. The findings in the present study are: (1) the significant relation exists between serum ferritin level and quantity of haeme-iron intake (but not with total iron intake), and (2) 10 % of female athletes have iron deficiency.
This study was designed primarily to identify relationships among indices of muscle tissue structure (m. vastus lateralis) and of somatic qualities (anthropometric parameters) in 44 untrained men and 105 well-trained athletes. The ratio of glycolytic to oxidative muscle fibres was significantly less (P<0.05) in endurance athletes as opposed to both the controls and the power athletes. Correlations between anthropometric factors and indices of muscle morphology were stronger in trained men, particularly in power athletes. Relationships between body fat and muscle fibre distribution were low in trained and untrained subjects. Documented muscle plasticity may enhance relationships between somatic and muscle tissue indices. Our results suggest that the response of the three major muscle fibre types to prolonged training may be relatively high. Finally, it was proposed that enhanced oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle might be characteristic of those resistant to heart disease.
This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the erythropoietin
level and hematological variables in wrestlers after intermittent
hypoxic exposure (IHE). Twelve wrestlers were assigned into two
groups: hypoxia (sports training combined with IHE, n=6) and
control (sports training, n=6). An IHE was performed for
10 days, with one day off after 6 days, once a day for about
an hour. The concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2),
nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
and erythropoietin (EPO), as well as total creatine kinase
activity (CK) were measured. Also, the hematological markers
(Hb -hemoglobin, Ht - hematocrit, RBC - red blood cell, WBC -
white blood cell, Ret - reticulocytes) were analyzed. The 6-day
IHE caused an increase in the levels of H2O2, NO and VEGF.
Similarly, the EPO level and WBC count reached the highest value
after 6 days of IHE. The total Ret number increase constantly
during 10 days of IHE. The hypoxia group showed a higher CK
activity compared to the control. In conclusion, 10-day IHE in
combination with wrestling training elevates levels of H2O2, NO
and VEGF, and improves the oxygen transport capacity by the
release of EPO and Ret in circulation.