Water is one of the most important components of the environment, having a direct effect on the maintenance of life on the Earth. In this paper, analysis of groundwater level variations, water balance and all the parameters included in these quantities, i.e. precipitation, evapotranspiration, surface run-off and subsurface run-off, were performed in the area of the Sudety Mountains for the period of November 2002 - October 2015. The groundwater level variations were computed on the basis of the mean Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) values determined from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLD AS). TWS data have been determined with a spatial resolution of one degree and temporal resolution of one month. According to the results, groundwater level variation can be approximately determined by water balance changes (with reverse sign). Specifically, for the Sudety area a high average stability of total water storage over the period of past 13 years and decline in groundwater level by about 13 cm (approximately 1 cm/year) was detected., Zofia Rzepecka, Monika Birylo, Joanna Kuczynska-Siehien, Jolanta Nastula and Katarzyna Pajak., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The paper presents a computer module for GPS slant delay determination using data from COAMPS (Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System) mesoscale non-hydrostatic model of the atmosphere which is run on IA64 Feniks computer cluster in the Department of Civil Engineering and Geodesy of the Military University of Technology. The slant delay is the result of integrating the ray (eikonal) equation for the spatial function of tropospheric refraction along the GPS wave propagation path. The work is a phase of research concerning operational methods of GPS slant delay determination using data from mesoscale non-hydrostatic models of the atmosphere, like COAMPS of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)., Mariusz Figurski, Marcin Gałuszkiewicz, Paweł Kamiński and Krzysztof Kroszczński., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
a1_For estimation of recent dynamics of morphology of the Sudetes, satellite radar images of 90-meter resolution have been used. Basing on the Digital Elevation Model, trend surfaces and deviation maps of the morphology were made. The analyzed are a ranges over 23000 sq. km and is bordered by the following coordinates: N51°05’32", N49°56’26", E15°02’42" an d E17°37’57". The 8th-order trend surface records four distinct regional morphological domains. These are two elevations with their centres located at N50°46’24" - E15°29’24" and N50°07’24" - E17°13’07", as well as two depressions with centers located at N 50°05’41" - E15°46’58" and at N50°29’39”- E17°28’30", respectively. The elevations and depressions extend both over the crystalline massifs and sediment ary basins and are highly lithologically differentiated. On the deviation map, the elevations display the highest positive values which suggests a local disequilibrium of morphogenic processes during the formation of recent topography. Today’s landscape have been being shaped since the beginning of the Neogene. As the climatic and hydrological conditions have been rather uniform for the whole area, a tectonic uplift must be accounted for the reason of the indicated anomalies occurrence. There is only one unique profile across the elevations and depressions that reflects the smallest amplitude of relative height (black-white dashed-line). It is parallel to the dominant "Sudetic strike", i.e. 115°, and it follows the Intrasudetic Shear Zone (ISZ) that played an important role in the post-Variscan evolution of the Sudetes. Along and inside the ISZ small, mostly pull-apart basins occur (the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (KPB), the Nachod Basin (NB), the Upper Nysa Kłodzka Trough (UNKT) - the South Sudetic Basins Suite (SSBS) - which are filled with Permian, Triassic and Neogene-to-Recent sediments., a2_The author postulates right lateral regional displacement along and beneath the ISZ as an important factor controlling long time evolution of topography in the analyzed area., Jurand Wojewoda., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The WEST SUDETEN geodynamic network consists of 11 sites on that five annual GPS epoch measurements in period of 2001-2005 were carried out. The 48-hour epoch data linked to 4 permanent EPN station observations created reasonable GPS data base for a preliminary evaluation of site movement velocities. General movement pattern over the network has been obtained and some regional and local movement relations among network sites were observed and discussed. The whole region under study displays three areas with relatively different movement trends. The northern area, i.e. the Krkonoše Mts. structural block, displays pronounce motion to the NW with respect to the central area that involves the Permian piedmont of the Krkonoše Mts. covered in its southern part by the Cretaceous sediments. Besides, conspicuous dextral movement along the Železné hory Mts. fault zone was detected too., Vladimír Schenk, Zdeňka Schenková, Milada Grácová and Pavel Kottnauer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rock landforms in the Sokolský hřbet (ridge) and the adjacent Žulovská pahorkatina (hilly land) have been analysed through detailed field mapping at a scale of 1:10,000; subsequently the spatial distribution of these features was analysed using a DEM within a GIS framework. Particular attention was focused upon the shape of the rock landforms, their arrangement, the aspect of their walls, and their topographic position within the two adjacent geomorphological units. Rock landforms in the Sokolský hřbet include frost-riven cliffs, isolated residual rockforms, and blockfields in metamorphic rocks. In contrast, rock landforms in the Žulovská pahorkatina include rock steps and numerous tors exposed from the basal weathering surface. The Sokolský hřbet has been interpreted as a neotectonically uplifted mountainous region; the rock landforms described here are thought to have formed under periglacial conditions during cold periods in the Pleistocene, whilst the extensive granitoid block accumulations developed on marginal fault scarps are thought to result from the exposure of intensively disintegrated rocks due to uplift. Žulovská pahorkatina has been interpreted as a remodelled stripped etch surface, which has been twice glaciated during the Middle Pleistocene. The rock landforms in both units appear to be structurally and lithologically controlled; moreover, various shapes of granite rock landforms are controlled by various types of jointing and parting. The clear differences recognised in both the rock landforms and overall morphology reflects the considerable disparity associated with relief development between two adjacent morphostructural units; such variability provides evidence for a long polygenetic history within the entire study area., Petra Štěpančíková and Matt Rowberry., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The mountain type of climate, which is typical for the Sudety Mountains, is well known for its rapid and frequent changes in pressure, temperature and humidity. The fluctuations in meteorological parameters cause fast changes of the tropospheric delay, as a correlated value, and in consequence difficulties in GPS heights determination. The tropospheric delay is a function of the meteorological parameters obtained directly from synoptic stations and models. The paper presents the procedure of tropospheric delay estimation on the European Permanent Network and International GNSS Service (EPN/IGS) stations, using meteorological observations from synoptic stations (Wrocław Airport, Śnieżka) of the Polish Meteorology Service (IMGW), stations (Cervena, Praha-Kbely) of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMU), and sensors mounted close to the antennas of the permanent GNSS stations (BISK, SNEC, WROC, GOPE). The values obtained from Global Pressure and Temperature (GPT) model were bases for the meteorological data calibration at EPN/IGS stations. The tropospheric delay (Zenith Total Delay - ZTD) on EPN/IGS stations was obtained from Saastamoinen formula and compared with ZTD from EPN solutions., Witold Rohm and Jarosław Bosy., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The future of the global and local geodynamic researches belongs to permanent monitoring. The conception of the semipermanent GPS observations’ application in geodynamic research in Sudetes area is presented in this paper. The conception is based on spatial modeling of the disturbing phenomena in the coordinate time series of (semi) permanent stations. The local interplate movements and their correlation with major European tectonic structures are determined on the strength of coordinate time series of these stations. The problem of epoch integration with semipermanent and permanent (EPN/IGS) observations for local geodynamic monitoring is also investigated., Bernard Kontny, Jarosław Bosy and Andrzej Borkowski., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The trans-border area of the Sudetes between Žďarky and Pstrążna has attracted Prussian/German, Austrian, Czech and Polish geologists since the middle of the 19th century. The history of mapping of this area reflects the scientific development of geological centres in Berlin, Vienna, Prague and Wrocław. This paper presents a description of the oldest geological maps of Lower Silesia in the context of changing knowledge on the Carboniferous and Cretaceous stratigraphy and on the tectonics of the region. On the basis of DEM and field studies the author presents his own geological map of the area of the Pstrążna Elevation together with a description of the local structural geology. A regional structural model is suggested, that explains all the local elevations as having developed in response to a dextral strike-slip activity of the Žďarky-Jakubowice Fault during late Tertiary to Recent times, at an eastern extension of the Poříčí-Hronov Fault Zone., Jurand Wojewoda., and Obsahuje bibliografii