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Start Over Creator Hroch, Miroslav

2. Jak důležitou roli hrálo osvícenství v českých dějinách? (Komentář k úvahám Daniely Tinkové)

Creator:
Hroch, Miroslav
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
national movement, Volksaufklärung, clergy, Romanticism, národní hnutí, duchovenstvo, and romantismus
Language:
Czech
Description:
This essay was inspired by the thoughts of Daniela Tinková on the role of the Czech Enlightenment. We begin by acknowledging its importance for a deeper understanding of Czech history, before going on to address four problem areas. The first is the significance of Enlightenment efforts in the field of popular education (Volksaufklärung), which in the Czech context necessarily introduced the need for vernacularization. These efforts thus have an important, hitherto undervalued place among the factors that strengthened the impetus of national agitation (the second phase of the Czech national movement). We also consider the role played in the national movement of a clergy trained under the Josephenist system, and the defining characteristics of that clergy.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. Měly "plebejské" kořeny inteligence význam pro tvářnost národa?

Creator:
Hroch, Miroslav
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
inteligence (vrstva), národní hnutí, intelligentsia, nationalist movement, byrokratizace, sociální skladba, bureaucratization, social composition, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
The aim of this paper is to point out that the growing need for well‐educated citizens in the increasingly bureaucratized 18th Century, in itself a well­known phenomenon, should be seen in a wider context. First, we must consider how it relates to the gradual emergence of the modern European nation­state; and secondly, to the cultural and political consequences of social stratification. In nations with a cohesive social structure and, in some cases, a tradition of statehood, the growing numbers and importance of the new intelligentsia were primarily the result of an expansion of existing elites drawing on their own social class. In emerging nations formed largely through nationalist movements, on the other hand, the process was accompanied by the upward mobility of young men from the middle and lower middle classes. In some nations, such as the Czechs and the Finns, these were often the sons of petit bourgeois and artisan families; but in the majority of cases the emergent national intelligentsia found its recruits chiefly among farmers and the rural population as a whole (Lithuania, Estonia). Understandably, this distinction led to differences in the formation of national stereotypes, political cultures and attitudes to social organization. The use of the term "plebeian intelligentsia" in this context is meant as a typological characteristic rather than a pejorative label., Miroslav Hroch., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public