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1. A review of the European species of Phradis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae), with a description of a new species from Spain

Creator:
Khalaim, Andrey I. , Bordera, Santiago , and Rodríguez-Berrío, Alexander
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tersilochinae, Phradis, new species, taxonomy, key, Europe, and Spain
Language:
English
Description:
European species of the genus Phradis Förster, 1869 are reviewed. A new species from Spain, Phradis mediterraneus sp. n., is described and illustrated. A key to all 24 European species and data on distribution and biology of these species are provided.
Rights:
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2. Altitudinal trends in the phenology of butterflies in a mountainous area in central Spain

Creator:
de Arce Crespo, Juan Ignacio and Gutiérrez, David
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, entomologie, Španělsko, Spain, butterflies, elevation, timing of the flight period, duration of the flight period, phenology, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
One of the best documented effects of climate change on biodiversity are shifts in phenology. However, long-term data quantifying and projecting the expected changes in phenology associated with climate warming are limited to a few well-recorded areas in the world. In the absence of temporal recording, an alternative approach is to determine the phenological response of species along marked gradients in climate or along latitudinal or altitudinal transects (space-for-time substitution). We studied the phenology (timing and duration of the flight period) of butterflies in 2006 along an altitudinal gradient (900-1680 m; estimated temperature lapse rate = -6.6°C/km) in the Serranía de Cuenca (central Spain) at the assemblage and individual species levels. Timing of the flight period was later for assemblages at high than at low altitudes. A similar trend of an increasing delay in the flight period with altitude was recorded for some individual species. However, there were also some exceptions to this pattern regardless of the number of sites and the altitudinal ranges of the species, suggesting possible local adaptation to regional climate. The duration of the flight period was shorter at high altitudes for assemblages, but this trend was not mirrored in the response of individual species. The results partly support substituting space-for-time when assessing the potential effect of climate change on phenophases such as the timing of the flight period, but we recommend extreme caution in extrapolating the results in the absence of information on how the responses of populations differ. and Juan Ignacio De Arce Crespo, David Gutiérrez.
Rights:
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3. Andalusi sherds from Prague

Creator:
Charvát, Petr, Hrdlička, Ladislav, and Delery, Claire
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Middle Ages, Prague, commerce, Spain, Almohad empire, středověk, Praha, obchod, Španělsko, and almohádské impérium
Language:
Czech
Description:
Two fragments of lustre-glaze tableware excavated at the Týn merchant inn in the Staré-Město quarter of Prague, the archaeological deposition context of which may be dated into the turn of the 13th and 14th century, represent products of Andalusi pottery workshops of 12th and early 13th centuries. The route by which this tableware service came to Prague is difficult to trace. It seems most logical to link the introduction of this luxury pottery with the wave of Andalusi products, especially precious textiles, supplying the highest circles of Bohemian society roughly between 1250 and 1320. This commercial operation might have followed up the trade ventures of Andalusi-oriented entrepreneurs furnishing customers of western Europe along the Atlantic coast with luxury items originating in Andalusi production plants. An alternative to this idea is represented by the possibility that the vessels came to Prague in the baggage of some of its Jewish residents. and Dva zlomky přepychové stolní keramiky s lustrovou glazurou, nalezené při výzkumu Týnského dvora v Praze v archeologickém kontextu uloženém nejspíše na přelomu 13. a 14. stol., představují výrobky andaluských dílen almohádského období Iberského poloostrova a byly zhotoveny nejspíše ve 12. či raném 13. století. Rekonstruovat cestu tohoto přepychového stolního servisu z Andalusie do Prahy není jednoduché. Nejlogičtější řešení tu představuje myšlenka transportu v důsledku almohádského obchodu se zeměmi západní Evropy podél jejího atlantického pobřeží až do oblasti Severního a Baltského moře. Druhou a stejně dobře představitelnou alternativu představuje přivezení souboru luxusního stolního zboží některým z židovských obyvatel středověké Prahy.
Rights:
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4. Bat-infesting chiggers (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of the Balearic Islands and new data on the genus Trisetica Traub et Evans, 1950

Creator:
Stekolnikov, Alexandr A. and Quetglas, Juan
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Chigger mites, Mediterranean, Spain, Africa, bat hosts, Pipistrellus kuhlii, and Plecotus austriacus
Language:
English
Description:
A sample of chigger mites from bat hosts collected in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean Sea) is found to include two species. These are the first records of bat-infesting chiggers identified to species in Spain. Chiggers collected from Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl) in Menorca are identified as Oudemansidium komareki (Daniel et Dusbábek, 1959); this species, which was known from Austria, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, Moldova, Crimea, and Azerbaijan, is recorded for the first time in Spain. Chiggers collected from Plecotus austriacus (Fischer) in Formentera are identified as Trombicula knighti Radford, 1954, which was insufficiently described from a bat in Yemen and known only from its type locality. We transfer this species to the genus Trisetica Traub et Evans, 1950 and provide its re-description based on paratypes and the material from the Balearic Islands. The species Sasatrombicula (Rudnicula) balcanica Kolebinova, 1966 is synonymised with T. knighti. One species closely related to T. knighti, Trisetica aethiopica (Hirst, 1926), which was recorded in Ghana, Uganda, South Sudan, and Madagascar, is re-described on the basis of its syntype deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK. This specimen is designated as lectotype.
Rights:
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5. Blackcaps, Sylvia atricapilla and blackbirds, Turdus merula feeding their nestlings and fledglings on fleshy fruit

Creator:
Hernández, Ángel
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
passerines, frugivory, nestling diet, fledgling diet, and Spain
Language:
English
Description:
There is very little information on the importance of fleshy fruit in the diet of the nestlings and fledglings of partially frugivorous Holarctic passerines. In an area of 0.6 km2 in northwestern Spain, it was verified during 2001–2003 that at least one blackcap Sylvia atricapilla pair and five blackbird Turdus merula pairs fed their offspring on a certain proportion of ivy Hedera helix fruit. Observations made on a blackcap nest in May showed that the parents fed older nestlings on animal prey on 60.7% of occasions and 39.3% on fruit (n = 140 total number of identified feeds). The female fed nestlings on fruit more often than the male. According to observations carried out on five ivy plants in May, blackcaps brought fruit in their bills to feed nestlings or fledglings on 40.3% of 67 feeding visits and blackbirds on at least 22.1% of 86 feeding visits. The blackcaps consistently carried one fruit and the blackbirds between three and five. Both species fed their young on fruit under very different meteorological conditions. Seeds found in the faecal sacs of their nestlings showed high potential germination viability (95.6% undamaged seeds and 4.4% cracked seeds; n = 46 total seeds except for those gnawed by rodents), so the adults probably acted as indirect vectors in dispersing ivy whilst carrying faecal sacs away from the nest.
Rights:
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6. Cambalès fairy tale

Creator:
Vences, Miguel, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Puente, Marta, Palanca, Antonio, and Vieites, David R.
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
Amphibia, altitudinal distribution, Pyrenees, Spain, France, and Rana temporaria
Language:
English
Description:
The highest altitude recorded for an amphibian in Europe (west of the Caucasus) is 2965 m. It refers to the "lacs de Cambalès" according to an old reference. However, these lakes are all situated below 2600 m, while the altitude corresponds exactly to that of the summit of the Pic de Cambalès. We undertook an almost complete survey of ponds in a 2.5 km radius from the Cambalès peak, and complemented these data by fieldwork in a larger portion of the Central Pyrenees. Based on our observations in a total of 325 lakes and ponds we conclude that no water bodies above 2800 m exist in the Cambalès area, and that no water bodies above 2600 m are populated by Rana temporaria. The highest amphibian record was that of a single R. temporaria specimen at 2569 m, while the highest reproducing population was found at 2516 m. Highest records of other amphibians were 2516 m (Alytes obstetricans), 2160 m (Bufo bufo), 2259 m (Euproctus asper), and 2142 m (Salamandra salamandra). The presence of ice-free water bodies during a sufficient amount of time for larval development is probably the limiting factor for elevational distribution of Pyrenean amphibians, and the adequate conditions are usually not met above 2500 m in this massif. In contrast, in the Alps, ponds at higher altitudes are often protected by much higher surrounding peaks, which leads to higher elevational occurrence of amphibians. The Italian Laghi di Tre Becchi (up to 2742 m) are therefore the highest locality of a reproducing anuran population in Europe west of the Caucasus.
Rights:
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7. Capillostrongyloides morae sp. n. (Nematoda: Capillariidae) from deep-sea fish (Teleostei, Moridae) in the western Mediterranean Sea

Creator:
González-Solís, David, Carrassón, Maite, and Pérez-del-Olmo, Ana
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Gadiformes, Lepidion lepidion, Mora moro, and Spain
Language:
English
Description:
A new capillariid nematode, Capillostrongyloides morae sp. n., is described from specimens collected from the stomach and intestine of the common mora, Mora moro (Risso), and the Mediterranean codling, Lepidion lepidion (Risso) (both Gadiformes, Moridae), off the Mediterranean coasts of Spain. The new species shows similar morphological features as other congeneric species occurring in freshwater and marine fishes, but it differs in the length of the body and spicules, the size of the caudal bursa, and the presence of an elevated anterior vulvar lip. Capillostrongyloides morae sp. n. is the second species within the genus for which the presence of a stylet is reported, and the first one in which this structure along with the distribution of cephalic papillae and oral structures (e.g. lips and lobes) are clearly shown by using scanning electron microscopy.
Rights:
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8. Composition and structure of helminth communities in two populations of Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Spain

Creator:
Esteban, J. Guillermo, Amengual, Blanca, and Serra Cobo, Jordi
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
ecology, helminth community, bats, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and Spain
Language:
English
Description:
The community composition and structure of helminths of Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) from two widely separated Spanish localities, El Saler (n = 42) and the San Pedro pothole (n = 34), were determined and compared. Five species of trematodes, Plagiorchis (Plagiorchis) sp., Lecithodendrium (Lecithodendrium) linstowi Dollfus, 1931, Prosthodendrium (Prosthodendrium) sp., Pycnoporus heteroporus (Dujardin, 1845) and Parabascus semisquamosus (Braun, 1900), and one species of cestode, Hymenolepis pipistrelli López-Neyra, 1941, were found. The two bat populations harboured the same helminth species and showed the same trematode dominance, but the most important differences between the two helminth community structures were attributable to L. (L.) linstowi and H. pipistrelli. The mean species richness in the two localities was not significantly different. The mean number of helminth species per infected bat, mean infracommunity abundance and mean infracommunity diversity showed significant differences between both localities. The number of helminths per bat in both populations displayed an aggregated distribution. Results indicate that the different characteristics of the P. pipistrellus foraging area in both localities are important in determining the composition and structure of helminth communities in this bat species. This is the first study of a Palaearctic bat helminth community.
Rights:
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9. Description of Skrjabinodon alcaraziensis sp. n, (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae), a parasite of Algyroides marchi (Sauria: Lacertidae)

Creator:
Lafuente, M. and Roca, V.
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Subject:
Nematoda, Skrjabinodon, Lacertidae, Algyroides, and Spain
Language:
English
Description:
Skrjabinodon alcaraziensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) is described from the cloaca of Algyroides marchi Vaiverde, 1958 (Sauria: Lacertidae) from the Alcaraz Mountains (SE Iberian Peninsula). This nematode is characterized by the presence of an unpaired postcloacal papilla in the males, the presence of cuticular spines in the tail of the female and the absence of polar plugs in the eggs.
Rights:
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10. Description of the immature stages of Syritta flaviventris (Diptera: Syrphidae) and new data about the life history of European species of Syritta on Opuntia maxima

Creator:
Pérez-Bañón, Celeste and Marcos-García, M. Angeles
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Syrphidae, Syritta flaviventris, Syritta pipiens, immature stages, morphology, feeding behaviour, Opuntia maxima, and Spain
Language:
English
Description:
Adults of Syritta flaviventris and S. pipens were reared from larvae collected on decaying platyclades of Opuntia maxima Miller (Cactaceae) from the Spanish Mediterranean coast. The larva and puparium of S. flaviventris, as well as preliminary data about its life cycle are described. The feeding behaviour of the larva in relation to the cephalopharyngeal skeleton morphology is analysed. Based on the present data, a comparative table containing the main morphological characteristics of the immature stages of European species of the genus Syritta is presented.
Rights:
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