The eye nematode Thelazia callipaeda Railliet et Henry, 1910 (Spirurida: Thelaziidae) is a vector-borne zoonotic nematode infecting a range of wild and domestic carnivores as well as humans. It is considered to be a causative agent of emerging and neglected disease and currently invades central part of Europe. Nematodes were collected from the eye of a dog living in Prague, which never travelled outside the Czech Republic. The nematodes were identified based on their morphology and partial sequence of the cox1 gene as T. callipaeda haplotype 1. This finding represents the northernmost record of autochthonous canine thelaziosis in Europe. The insufficient control of imported animals as well as free movement of dogs and wild carnivores within Europe probably facilitates spreading of T. callipaeda throughout the continent. To better understand the spreading of T. callipaeda and to prevent its zoonotic transmissions, information about the risk of this infection in newly invaded countries should be disseminated not only among veterinarians and physicians, but also within the community of pet owners and hunters., Milan Jirků, Roman Kuchta, Elena Gricaj, David Modrý and Kateřina Jirků Pomajbíková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Metody sekvenování nové generace (NGS) poprvé vnesly hlubší pohled do diverzity lidského střevního mikrobiálního ekosystému, jehož velikost je nečekaně veliká. Poměr lidských a mikrobiálních buněk se pohybuje v rozmezí od 1:1 až po 1:100 a lze říci, že jak lidé, tak i další savci žijí ve složitých konsorciích složených z virů, archaeí a bakterií tvořící mikrobiom spolu s mikroskopickými houbami a jednobuněčnými a mnohobuněčnými eukaryoty, tj. prvoky a helminty. Největší pozornost je prozatím věnována bakteriálnímu mikrobiomu představujícímu možná nejvíce různorodý segment ekosystému lidského těla., The Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) methods has brought a deeper insight into the diversity of a human intestinal microbial ecosystem. The ratio of human and microbial cells ranges from 1:1 to 1:100. One might say that humans (and other mammals) live in a complex consortium of viruses, bacteria, archaea - forming what is known as a microbiome - together with microscopic fungi, unicellular and metazoan eukaryotes (protists and helminths). Most attention has so far been paid to the bacterial microbiome that signifies perhaps the most diverse segment of the ecosystem of human body., and Jan Votýpka, Kateřina Jirků Pomajbíková.