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162. Avicebron o vôli v diele "Fons vitae"

Creator:
Brenišin, Juraj
Format:
text/pdf
Type:
Article
Subject:
Avicebron, Fons vitae, the divine will, desire, emanation, creatio ex nihilo, and Study of Religions
Language:
Slovak
Description:
The paper focuses on the issue of the will in the work Fons vitae devoted to metaphysics, written by the medieval Jewish thinker Avicebron. It shows how Avicebron's definitions of the divine will may be understood in different contexts throughout his work. It questions the interpretation of the divine will as desire, as presented by Sarah Pessin in her Theology of Desire opposing the doctrine of the divine will. There is no indication to be found in Avicebron's metaphysics that the notion of the divine will is used incorrectly and that the notion of desire should be used instead. On the contrary, if this notion is deprived of its mistakenly assigned Augustinian influence and is understood in the context of its Arabic foundation, then the notion of the divine will supports an emanationist reading of Avicebron’s metaphysics rather than a creationist one. Careful reading of Fons vitae shows that Avicebron had no intention of presenting a creationist view in which God creates through the intermediary of his will. The divine will as defined in Fons vitae serves as the path through which the being flows from the creator onward to the lower levels of the chain of being.
Rights:
unknown

163. Avicennovo učení o lásce

Creator:
Vitásková, Magdaléna
Format:
text/pdf
Type:
Article
Subject:
Avicenna (Ibn Sina), Islamic philosophy, teachings on love, God's love, Islamic psychology, Islamic cosmology, hierarchy of forms, and Study of Religions
Language:
Czech
Description:
Avicenna (Ibn Sina, 980-1037) was one of the most highly regarded philosophers in eastern Islamic lands. This article analyses the theme of love (ḥubb / 'ishq) in the broader context of Avicenna's psychological and cosmological teachings. This analysis is mainly based on the interpretation of two of the philosopher's works dealing with this theme, namely The Treatise on Love (Risala fi 'l- 'ishq) and The Living, Son of the Vigilant (Hayy ibn Yaqdhan). In the first part of the article attention is paid to the phenomenon of love as a means to achieving the perfection of form (i.e. the soul), proceeding in a hierarchy of beings from the roughest to the purest. The second part draws a brief picture of Avicenna's opinion on love between humans, describing gazing at a beautiful face and embracing and kissing a beloved person as ennobling activities. The third part is dedicated to love between man and God, a topic which was always considered controversial. While Islamic philosophy denounced the possibility of God's love for man, Islamic mysticism (Sufism) focused on this motif. Avicenna seems to stand just on the boundary between these two different attitudes, when he describes God as loving his own manifestation in the Universe.
Rights:
unknown

165. Babylonský příběh a Odysseovo dědictví v Ajvazově Zlatém věku

Creator:
Kočevski, Ivana
Format:
text/pdf
Type:
Article
Subject:
archetype, mythology, journey, theory of objects, deconstruction, Michal Ajvaz, The Golden Age, and Slavonic Studies
Language:
Czech
Description:
The study represents closer research into Ajvaz's novel The Golden Age, we find very difficult to read without certain directions and references which contain archetypal determinants. Both archetypal and mythological elements are of a great importance in interpreting Ajvaz's poetics, since writer uses them in a very colourful manner in each and every work. This is the reason we have named the study "The Babylon tale", for it expresses the internal principal of textual organization both semantically and linguistically. The main story in the novel is divided into several narrative levels, which are discontinuously arranged so that each level has its own internal structure. The narration partly resembles to deconstructive text with separated cycles and different elements conjoined by the main discourse about narrator's long journey. The motive of journey is the reason why "Ulysses legacy" was added in a title, because it denotes a wide range of narrator's extraordinary experiences, compiled not only of island anecdotes, but of various references the reader has to follow in order to get to the bottom of the journey itself. Among all this, the book title "Golden age", comes from Greek mythology and refers to a sequence of several ages of Man, in which the Golden age is the first. By extension "Golden age" denotes a period of primordial peace, harmony and prosperity, which is the exact description of the island society, visited and depicted by narrator. Behind that mythological background, there are certain elements of analytic philosophy in the novel involved in a discourse, which is presented by Meinong's Theory of objects (Gegenstandstheorie) quoted in the introduction of the novel. Most of Meinong's findings and conclusions are related to semantics of fictionality, the topic best presented in Doležel's work Heterocosmic. Fiction and Possible Worlds, which we've consulted in the research. Finally, we haven't found a convenient term to describe Ajvaz's poetics, but we have discovered lots of markers which help us get through the incredible voyage his novel really is.
Rights:
unknown

166. Bádání o českých menšinách na Balkáně – staronové téma české slavistiky

Creator:
Štěpánek, Václav
Format:
text/pdf
Type:
Article
Subject:
slavistická studia, česká menšina na Balkáně, bibliografie prací o české menšině na Balkáně, Slavonic studies, Czech minority in the Balkans, bibliography of works about the Czech minority in the Balkans, and Slavonic Studies
Language:
Czech
Description:
Práce se zamýšlí nad aktuálními trendy slavistického bádání v balkanistických oborech. Jako významné téma v posledních dvaceti letech vidí bádání o českých menšinách na Balkánském poloostrově, zejména pak o původní zemědělské kolonizaci, která vytvořila dodnes životaschopné menšinové ostrovy v Charvátsku (Slavonie), Srbsku (Vojvodina – Banát), Rumunsku (Banát) a částečně i v Bosně a Hercegovině. Přibližuje historii českého bádání o menšinách na Balkáně, určuje nové trendy v menšinovém bádání a přináší prakticky kompletní bibliografii zásadních prací s touto tematikou v posledních dvou desetiletích a v závěru pak určuje nové směry, které pro slavistiku bádání o menšinách nabízí. and Submitted paper has been dedicate to the analysis the current trends taking place in Slavistics research within Balkanistics disciplines. In last twenty years the research on Czech minorities in Balkan peninsula occurred as a considerable topic, especially as for the original agricultural colonization, which established minority islets viable in Croatia (Slavonia), Serbia (Vojvodina – Banat), Romania (Banat), and partially Bosnia and Herzegovina, up to now. Paper describes the history of Czech minority research in Balkans, identifies new trends in minority research bringing practically complete biography of essential works dedicated to the above subject in last two decades. Paper's conclusion sets up new trends being offered to Slavistics by minority research.
Rights:
unknown

167. Balkán jako etnografické muzeum Evropy? aneb Hledání ztraceného času

Creator:
Bočková, Helena
Format:
text/pdf
Type:
Article
Subject:
the Balkans, ethnographic museum of Europe, traditional culture, ethnocultural traditions, cultural heritage, revitalization, Balkán, etnografické muzeum Evropy, tradiční kultura, etnokulturní tradice, kulturní dědictví, revitalizace, and Balkan Studies
Language:
Czech
Description:
The author reflects upon the Balkans as an ethnographic museum of Europe. She explores this idea in connection with the extinction, transformation, and revitalization of traditional cultures in the Balkans. Phenomena such as time perception, fascination with living "antiquities", the specifics of long-term phenomena, opinions on the Balkans' backwardness and different attitudes towards cultural heritage are discussed. The author also examines rescue field research, changes to the academic paradigm, and postmodern efforts to preserve cultural diversity. and Autorka se zamýšlí nad představou Balkánu jako etnografického muzea Evropy v souvislostech zániku, transformace a revitalizace tradiční kultury na Balkáně, vnímání času, specifik jevů dlouhého trvání, názorů o zaostalosti Balkánu, záchranného výzkumu, fascinace živými "starožitnostmi", postojů ke kulturnímu dědictví, postmodernistických snah o zachování kulturní diverzity i proměn vědeckého paradigmatu.
Rights:
unknown and embargoed access

170. Banátští Češi jako potomci tolerančních sektářů

Creator:
Nešpor, Zdeněk R.
Format:
text/pdf
Type:
Article
Subject:
Study of Religions
Language:
Czech
Description:
When the emperor Joseph II issued his Patent of Religious Tolerance (1781), relatively wide sectarian (in Troeltsch's sense) movement turned up in eastern Bohemia. Some of its subjects were, according to the emperor's decision, deported to Austrian Banaat (region in present Hungary and Romania), to the environs of Timisoara. Part of them later had got back to their native land, but most stayed there and, with the other Czech sectars, established the village Svatá Helena (Sfinta Elena) in the twenties of the 19th century. -- They seemed to be members of the Reformated Church, but in fact they conserved their sectarian exclusivity, which exposed out after the arrival of real protestant preacher (in the nineties). Community declared itself as the Adventists and later as the Baptists. The most zealous of Adventists had left Svatá Helena and - as the Methodists - established a new village, Vojvodovo (Selo Vojvodovo) in today's Bulgaria (the first decade of the 20th century). Religious particularism, an inclination to the sectarian type of religiosity was in Svatá Helena and Vojvodovo supported by evidence at least until the middle of the century. -- Field study of contemporary situation, of today's religious faith(s) there, is planned for the nearest future.
Rights:
unknown