Plant-based n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) possess a prospective antiatherogenic potential. Currant oil from Ribes nigrum L. is one of the few plant oils containing PUFAn-3 (15.3 mol%) in addition to PUFAn-6 (60.5 mol%). This study was aimed at comparing the effects of currant oil with those of lard fat, rich in saturated (43.8 mol%) and monounsaturated (47.0 mol%) fatty acids, on antioxidant parameters, the lipoprotein profile and liver lipids in rats fed on 1 % (w/w) cholesterol diets containing either 10 % of currant oil (COD) or lard fat (LFD). After 3 weeks of feeding, the COD induced a significant decrease in blood glutathione (GSH) and an increase in Cu2+ induced oxidizability of serum lipids, but did not affect liver GSH and t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipoperoxidation of liver microsomes. Although the COD did not cause accumulation of liver triacylglycerols as LFD, the lipoprotein profile (VLDL, LDL, HDL) was not significantly improved after COD. The consumption of PUFAn-3 was reflected in LDL as an increase in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid. These results suggest that currant oil affects positively the lipid metabolism in the liver, above all it does not cause the development of a fatty liver. However, adverse effects of currant oil on the antioxidant status in the blood still remain of concern., R. Večeřa, N. Škottová, P. Váňa, L. Kazdová, Z. Chmela, Z. Švagera, D. Walterová, J. Ulrichová, V. Šimánek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Selected parameters of lipid metabolism were studied in a group of 76 children aged 12-13 years. The children were divided into 4 subgroups according to the duration of neonatal nutrition (no breast feeding, breast feeding for 3, 6 or more than 6 months). We studied the concentration of total serum cholesterol, its distribution into lipoprotein fractions, the concentration of serum triacylglycerols and apolipoproteins Ai (Apo Ai) and B (Apo B). Atherogenic indexes were calculated from the data obtained. The highest cholesterol levels (5.20 ±0.15 mmoU-1) were found in children who had been breast-fed for more than 6 months, while the highest concentrations of Apo B (0.80 ±0.07 g.r1) and Apo Ai (1.76 ±0.06 g.l-1) and the highest Apo B/Apo Ai ratio (0.45 ±0.04) were found in children with the shortest period of breast-feeding. No significant sex-related differences in total, VLDL, LDL, HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols and apolipoproteins were observed.