The article deals with the design and construction of a hypothetical gate tower, which was built in the frame of the Archaeological open air museum at Liptovská Mara, Slovakia. It describes two different approaches towards its mock-up construction, which were realized before and now and with gained experience – from two different points of views: scientific (technology) and operational. Construction of the gate resulted from a co-operation among the Archaeological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Science (AÚ SAV), Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava (STU BA), Institute of Architectural Heritage Conservation of the Slovak republic (PÚ SR) and the Museum of Liptov in a frame of the project “Ochrana a záchrana historických pamiatok na Slovensku ako integrálna súˇcast’ európskeho kultúrneho dediˇcstva (koncepcia a realizácia)” / “Protection and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Slovakia as an Integral Part of European Cultural Heritage (Concept and Realising)”., Oto Makýš., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Diskutovaná magnetometrická metoda může být využita především při sledování jednotlivých archeologických objektů nebo dílčích horizontálních i vertikálních situací během probíhajícího archeologického výzkumu. Měřením magn. susceptibility lze stanovit odlišnosti magnetických vlastností různých materiálů ve výplni nebo konstrukci objektů, komponenty stratigrafie zahloubených objektů či kulturních vrstev, stav zachování objektů atd. Předkládané příklady pocházejí z rozličných, převážně zkoumaných archeologických situací a dokládají možnosti efektivní aplikace povrchových měření magn. susceptibility in situ (zahloubené objekty, relikty fortifikací, výrobních areálů, objektů funerálních a dalších specifických situací). and In archaeology, the magnetometric method can be used in the observation of individual archaeological features or sectional horizontal and vertical contexts while excavation is in progress. By measuring magnetometric susceptibility, it is possible to determine differences in the magnetic properties of various materials in the fill or the structure of features, to determine the components in the stratigraphy of sunken features or cultural layers, or to determine the state of preservation of features, etc. The examples presented are drawn from diverse, mostly excavated archaeological contexts and demonstrate the possibilities inherent in the effective applications of surface measurements of magnetic susceptibility in situ (sunken features, relics of fortifications, production sites, funeral-related features and other specific contexts).
During 2009, ÚAPP Brno in conjunction with MZM Brno continued surveys using metal detectors at selected Moravian La Tène sites. The field survey has focused particularly on investigations of the settlement hinterland from the La Tène period in Nˇemˇcice near Prostˇejov and the surrounding settlements, sites in the Boskovice Furrow and the Staré Hradisko Celtic oppidum. Artifact assemblages were also recovered from two surveys of several sites in southern Moravia. Apart from the individual finds and the information they yielded, the surveys also provided more general information. These results reaffirm the view that it is necessary for archaeological institutions to conduct such metal detector surveys. The new finds have clearly added to our knowledge, particularly with regards to the La Tène culture, with the finding of a palmette-shaped belt-clasp from Drnholec, mask handle base from Polkovice, "Dreiblattknopf" from Hevlín and two brooch fragments of a so far unknown type from Staré Hradisko, and unusually for the early Slavonic period north of the Danube, a rare Byzantine belt-clasp fragment (from Bedihošt’). Another artifact which further attests to the importance of metal detector surveys is a Late Roman brooch of the Hrušica type found at Dyjákovice, the first such find in the Czech Republic., Miloš Čižmář ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
During 2010, ÚAPP Brno in conjunction with MZM Brno, continued surveys using metal detectors at selected Moravian La Tène sites. The field survey has focused particularly on investigation of the settlement hinterland of the oppidum Staré Hradisko and the power centre from the La Tène period at Nˇemˇcice na Hané, on the area of Nˇemˇcice settlement and in the smaller degree also on sites in the Boskovice Furrow. Collections of finds were also obtained over two survey periods from several sites in south Moravia. Apart from the artifacts and the information about these sites they yielded, the survey also revealed more general knowledge, which reaffirm the necessity of carrying out metal detector prospecting by archaeological institutions. The new finds have clearly added to our knowledge, particularly with regards to the La Tène period, with the finding of a plastic head from Nˇemˇcice, and for the Roman Age with the finding of a provincial anchor-shaped brooch from Kuˇrim, the present time rare in Moravia. The finds from two sites are important for understanding of communication between Moravia and Bohemia along the Svitava River., Miloš Čizmář, Jana Čižmářová, Martin Kejzlar., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The paper deals with the topic of additional Germanic settlement activity on „Burgstall“ hill near Mušov-Pasohlávky in Moravia from the stratigraphical and chronological point of view. Germanic settlement features which have been discovered on this location, previously, at the time of Marcomannic wars, the key and most important military site north to the Carnuntum, have disturbed the preceding Roman structures and clearly date to a later period than the Roman army occupation. The impressive picture comes also from the adjacent location of Neurissen. It is not without significance that the chronologically conclusive items from these subsequent barbarian settlement contexts are clearly comparable with the archaeological record typical in general for the distinctive horizon of sunken floor huts and pits detected within Germanie built up areas in a number of places in different areas of Moravia and Slovakia. The dating of the horizon in question can be placed within the timespan from the late 2nd century AD since the mid of the next century and its end concures in the time with the turbulent period of increasing migration movements of barbarian populations beyond the Roman frontier and with the fall of Roman Raetian- Upper Germanic limes., Jaroslav Tejral., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The settlement region in the Opava River basin (Upper Silesia) belonged to the southern periphery of the Przeworsk culture. Settlement activity culminated here during the late and final phase of the Roman Period. Numerous settlements situated on terraces of the river Opava were characterised by local production of wheel-thrown pottery. Despite the somewhat problematic dating of these sites, at least some of them may have belonged to the final phase (C3/D). Besides the above-mentioned region, which was relatively well investigated by archaeologists, settlements of the Przeworsk culture have also penetrated to the less known region of Osoblaha and Vidnava, i.e. as far as to the foothills of the Jeseníky Mts. Two localities, which are supposed to be hilltop settlements dating probably from the end of the Roman Period to the beginning of the Migration Period, were discovered in this hilly landscape. In this context we neither can omit the finds of so-called equestrian nomadic and Hunnic character, which testify that the southern part of the territory of the Przeworsk culture has got under the influence of the Hunnic Empire., Zuzana Loskotová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Brněnští archeologové společně s velkým mezinárodním kolektivem analyzují na molekulární úrovni paleogenetický záznam z věstnonických a pavlovských lidských fosilií, jejichž stáří se odhaduje kolem 30 000 let. Zařazují je do kontextu dalších paleolitických nálezů z širšího období mezi 45-14 000 lety, a pokoušejí se tak načrtnout nové dějiny evropského paleolitu. Prakticky současně s články v prestižních časopisech Nature (Fu a kol. 2016) a Current Biology (Posth a kol. 2016) vydalo Nakladatelství Academia knihu Dolní Věstonice-Pavlov. Následující příspěvek je ukázkou z této publikace., Dolní Věstonice and Pavlov represent a complex of large hunters´ settlements of Upper Paleolithic age (about 30 000 years ago) with rich evidence of mammoth hunting, symbolic activities, and burials of early Homo sapiens. Actually, the Academia publishers edited a comprehensive book entitled Dolní Věstonice-Pavlov and published it almost simultaneously with two paleogenetic papers in Nature (Fu et al. 2016) and Current Biology (Posth et al. 2016) journals on paleogenetics of these human fossils., and Jiří Svoboda.
Pražský Archeologický ústav AV ČR uskutečnil v listopadu a prosinci 2014 záchranný archeologický výzkum v areálu developerského projektu Letňanské zahrady. Vedle osmi hrobů kultury se šňůrovou keramikou z pozdní doby kamenné (2800-2500 př. n. l.) byly objeveny dva komorové hroby kultury bylanské ze starší doby železné (halštatské) z 8.-6. stol. př. n. l. and Drahomíra Frolíková.
in summer 2009, we documented active summer campsites at lakes and abandoned winter and spring campsites in open tundra (mountain ridge of Yangana Pe) and forest tundra (Oktyaberskaya, north of Labytnangi). Discussion of the floristic and zoological potentials of tundra, forest tundra, and forest for nutriture shows that plant resources and fish are available predominantly in summer while reindeer occur in these regions during fall, winter and spring, as they return from summer pastures further to the north. Movements of the individual Nenets families depend on ownership of sufficient reindeer. Missing components of the nutriture are substituted by purchasing consumer products. The documented camps are structured along discrete zones such as interior living areas (including children´s playgrounds), exterior areas with evidence of woodworking, processing reindeer, and other activities, peripheral toss zones, and dispersed activity remains in the surrounding landscape (some of which may have ritual meaning). Certain variation recorded in the individual camps is caused by distances between camps, to the nearest shop and to communication networks, by demographic structure of the site, by activities of the inhabitants and their financial potential (after selling some of the reindeer in winter, for example). The scope of these comparisons is enriched by Upper Paleolithic evidence from central European hunters’ settlements which display a basically similar camp structure and zonality but include (of course) different types of objects and activities., Jiří Svoboda ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The Moravian-Silesian Prehistoric Branch of the Archaeological Institute AV ČR, Brno, v. v. i. has a long-term research interest in lithic chipped industries of the Late Stone Age and the Early Bronze Age in Moravia and Czech Silesia. Presently, a very important research focus is a lithic collection from the fortified Eneolithic hillfort Starý Zámek near Jevišovice. There are 474 knapped artifacts in the collection, including pieces collected from the surface and from excavations by J. Palliardi. One third of the artifacts are linked to cultural layers C, C2, C1 and B. Seventy pieces were published by Anna Medunová. At least 74 of the artifacts excavated by J. Palliardi have been recently identified in the collection deposited at the Moravian Museum. The assemblage includes a variety of endscrapers, blades, and borers as well as some cores. Tools of the Krummesser type from layer B and a bifacially retouched artifact (dagger or sickle fragment) from Bavarian tabular chert (Plattensilex) are of particular interest. Most artifacts were produced from local rocks (cherts of the Krumlovský les type and weathering products of serpentinite), although silicites from glacial sediments and chert of the Stránská skála type have also been identified. The presence of Bavarian Plattensilex (at least two artifacts) and rocks sourced from Poland (silicites from Cracow-Częstochowa Jurassic Upland and the spotted chert of the Świeciechów type). Two Palaeolithic artifacts are a surprising discovery. We cannot exclude the possibility that these pieces originate from an earlier period and were reused later., Lubomír Šebela, Antonín Přichystal, Alena Humpolová, Lubomír Prokeš., and Obsahuje seznam literatury