The aim of the study is to evaluate the circumstances revealed by the archaeological study of extinct medieval villages whose ground plans were staked out systematically, using some of the standard schemes of the times: that is, the possible direct proportion of the area, farmed by the individual homesteads, and the expanse of the plot of yards of these homesteads, or rather the width of the yards with respect to the village square. For the initial phase of the analysis were used the available early textual and cartographical sources from areas where such research was made possible by the earlier interconnecting of information about the history of settlement that allow for studying the older stages of social structure of the communities.
The present study evaluates the medieval component of a rescue excavation carried out in the outer bailey of Tepenec Castle in 1971–1975. The castle, built during the 1330s–40s, ceased to exist due to war events in the early 15th century. A trench intersected the whole area of the fortified complex transversely from the northwest to the southeast (855 sqm). Two remnants of buildings dated to the High Middle Ages were partially examined. An assemblage of pottery and metal finds makes it possible to date both structures – mainly to the second half of the 14th and the early 15th centuries. The built-up area of the outer bailey cannot be considered a lower castle town but rather the so-called “latrán”.
Analýze rostlinných makrozbytků byly podrobeny dva menší vzorky ze spáleništní vrstvy ze shořelého domu v Daliměřicích u Turnova. Materiál byl datován kolem r. 1300. Soubor zahrnoval na 24 000 semen a plodů, na 25 000 zlomků a drť karbonizovaných diaspor, reprezentujících jen 50–55 druhů převážně užitkových rostlin. 90 % diaspor připadalo na obiloviny jakožto části zásob. Zaznamenán byl jejich úplný sortiment s dominantním žitem a ovsem. Podle přítomnosti plevelů představovaly tyto obiloviny nejvýznamnější plodiny v okolí pěstované a v hospodářství zužitkovávané. and Two smaller samples taken from the layer of ashes from a burnt settlement situation in Daliměřice near Turnov were analysed for vegetal macro-emains. The material was dated back to approximately 1300 A.D. The set comprised as much as 24,000 seeds and fruits, about 25,000 fragments and crushed carbonized diasporas, representing only 50–55 species mostly of utility plants. 90 % of the diasporas were represented by cereals as a part of provisions. Their complete assortment with dominant Secale cereale and Avena sativa was recorded. According to the presence of weeds these cereals represented the most important plants cultivated in the surroundings and exploited in the farming.