The paper explores the process of constructing the negative image of the Habsburg monarchy in the USA during the first year of WWI. My case study tackles an issue of transatlantic relations from the perspective of wartime propaganda. It is considered as one of the means of shaping the public opinion and influencing the policy decisions. In my presentation I will first evaluate the contribution of different actors involved in this process. Then I will assess the "response" of the Habsburg diplomacy to the propaganda campaign launched against the Danube monarchy. More precisely, I will explore not only the strategy their representatives developed, but will assess whether this strategy achieved its political ends or not. To put it simply, I will assess in what way the anti-Habsburg propaganda campaign in the USA influenced the relations between the USA and Austria-Hungary. In my paper I will rely mainly on the American periodical press, which, as contemporary Hungarian historiography points out, was an important factor in the American foreign policy.
Episcopal consistorial office in České Budějovice was created in 1784 and 1785. Since its origin it has been one of the most modern offices not only on the teritorry of Czech lands but also in the whole Habrburg monarchy. It produced all known kinds and types of documents including verified copies of documents, called traditionally by the Church customs as the "autentisatio" and "legalisatio". This paper focuses especially on the relationship between them, comparison with common vidimates and confirmation papers, official practice of production of these verifications and confirmations, legal consequentions, formal differences, practical using, as well as their development to 1850.
The present paper studies the charters and letters originating during the Catholic trade embargo first imposed against the Czech Hussites between 1420 and 1436, and reassumed in the late 1460s and early 1470s. The different types of documents are first studied with regard to their formal characteristics and their classification in terms of late medieval diplomatics. Secondly, lost correspondence is reconstructed in order to demonstrate the great void of missing documents, preventing us from truly grasping the widespread use of the written word during the Hussite Wars. Thirdly, the publication of papal and royal mandates enforcing the anti-Hussite embargo is analysed to demonstrate both the practical use of the documents in question, and their importance for Catholic anti-Hussite policy.
The aim of the article is to clarify the use of charters in the high middle ages, not according to their production but with reference to the formulae and the practical statements listed in them. Most of the named examples derive from Austria and Slovenia. Charters are often confirmed, but there is only little evidence of their use as a proof in court. The issuers were often afraid, their legal successors wouldn't recognise their legal acts. Confirmations assured their permanence and the persistence of witnesses. The general knowledge of the legal act protected it somehow, but malicious infringers couldn't be turned away otherwise than through witnesses. The charters were mere reminders of the legal act itself and not a kind of protection. Witnesses obtained their knowledge about legal acts more often from legal charters than indicated by the historical tradition.
Utraquist confession, printed in the Prague printing house of Jan Moravus on 22nd December 1513, is a brief and basic summary of doctrine of the Utraquist Church shortly before the outbreak of the European Reformation. It was created within negotiations between the Utraquist party and Roman Catholic Church members in 1512–1513, which headed towards the renewal of Prague archbishopric. Its task was primarily to defend traditional Utraquist particularities in matters of Scriptural and church authority, communion under both kinds by all the baptized and also of sacred paintings. Its probable authors were the contemporary representatives of the Utraquist Church and the University of Prague, primarily its administrator Pavel Žatecký and Master Václav Koranda Jr. The text documents the survival of Hussite traditions in post-compactata Utraquism and expresses Utraquists' willingness not to give up their "revealed truth".
The short paper publishes and issues a previously unknown charter of Catherine of Žerotice, written in Czech language in 1447. Up to now it lay hidden from the eyes of scholars in archives of princely Hohenlohe-Zentralarchiv Neuenstein (Baden-Württemberg). The charter concerns the selling of maternal heritage both in Bohemia and in Moravia at Catherine's sister Anna. Because of greater legal force six nobles from the surrounding area were asked to seal the charter with their seals.