After the political crackdown of 1968, the atmosphere had become unbearable, and the situation got worse. Because Czechoslovak science had become a strong political force during 1968, it is not surprising that the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences figured on the list of watched institutions. A day after the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact troops, the CAS was closed by order of the commanding officer. The destruction of Czechoslovak science in the 1970s has proceeded slowly but systematically, not lacking, however, a "legal" basis. and František Janouch.
On August 21, 1968, the Soviet and its Warsaw Pact allies invaded the Czechoslovak Republic, after negotiations failed, to prevent Alexander Dubcek´s Prague Spring reforms from continuing. The Soviets mustered thousands of troops from most Warsaw pact countries. The invasion was successful in stopping democratization reforms and strengthening the authority of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. and Jitka Vondrová.
This text analyzes the issue of the Karaim emigrants in Czechoslovakia, which has thus far been unknown in Czech scholarly circles. The Karaims arrived here in the context of the extensive Russian emigration at the beginning of the 1920s.
Po vzniku Československa se ČAVU úporně snažila zbavit své pověsti konzervativní a silně prohabsburské instituce. K její zásadní reformě však nedošlo a do její struktury se nepromítl ani růst významu přírodních a technických věd. Přírodní a technické vědy tak zůstaly v rámci ČAVU omezeny na II. třídu, v níž vědy o živé přírodě reprezentovali na konci roku 1918 vedle Bohumila Němce především žáci Antonína Friče - František Bayer, Alois Mrázek, František Klapálek a Václav Vávra. Naopak botanik a mykolog Josef Velenovský 11. října 1918 z ČAVU vystoupil a další významný botanik Karel Domin byl zvolen dopisujícím členem až roku 1919. V období 1918-19 získali pro své výzkumy živé přírody podpory či stipendia další čeští vědci - vedle již zmíněného Karla Domina šlo například o Zd. Frankenbergera, hipologa Františka Bílka, botanika Františka Nábělku nebo zoologa Jana Zavřela. I když například bádání o českém jazyce nebo umělecká činnost byly podporovány výrazně vyššími sumami, můžeme konstatovat, že ani vědy o živé přírodě nebyly v rámci ČAVU na počátku Československa popelkou., After the creation of Czechoslovakia, CASA tried hard to lose its reputation as a conservative and strongly pro-Habsburg institution, but it did not undertake any fundamental reform and the importance of the growth in the natural and technical sciences was not reflected in its structure. Hence the natural and technical sciences remained confined to Class Two at CASA, in which the life sciences were represented at the end of 1918 by Bohumil Němec and in particular the pupils of Antonín Frič -- František Bayer, Alois Mrázek, František Klapálek and Václav Vávra. On the other hand botanist and mycologist Josef Velenovský stepped down from CASA on 11th October 1918 and another prominent botanist Karel Domin was only elected as a corresponding member in 1919. In 1918-1919 other life scientists received grants or other support for their research, e.g. as well as the aforementioned Karel Domin, Zdeněk Frankenberger, hippologist František Bílek, botanist František Nábělek and zoologist Jan Zavřel. Although research into the Czech language and artistic activities was supported by substantially larger sums of money, the life sciences cannot be said to have been cinderellas at CASA in the early days of Czechoslovakia., and Martin Franc.
Období okupace Československa znamenalo mohutný útlum české vědy vyvolaný především zavřením vysokých škol a nacistickou perzekucí mnohých badatelů. Česká akademie věd a umění fungovala přes celé období, i ona se však potýkala s vážnými problémy a ochromením činnosti. Klidu se nedočkala ani po skončení válečného konfliktu, kdy se prudce zvýšil tlak na její zásadní transformaci do podoby centralizované akademie věd. Nakonec představitelé nové komunistické moci ČAVU i další tradiční instituce české vědy zrušili a vybudovali především na přírodní a technické vědy orientovanou Československou akademii věd (ČSAV), která se hlásila jen k části tradic ČAVU a Královské české společnosti nauk., The occupation of Czechoslovakia resulted in the enormous suppression of Czech science, primarily due to the closure of Universities and the Nazi persecution of many researchers. The Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts operated throughout this period, but also came up against serious problems and paralysis of its activities. After the end of the war, pressure mounted sharply to transform it fundamentally into a centralized Academy of Sciences. Eventually the representatives of the new communist power closed down CASA and other traditional Czech research institutions and created a Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, primarily focusing on natural and technical sciences, and espousing only some of the traditions of CASA and the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences., and Martin Franc.
Stejnojmennou konferenci k 70. výročí osvobození Československa uspořádal 19. května 2015 Senát Parlamentu ČR společně s Masarykovou demokratickou akademií, zastoupením Ebertovy nadace v ČR a SR a Historickým ústavem AV ČR, který ji připravil jako součást akcí k výročí osvobození - dvou konferencí, výstavy a 42dílného seriálu v Lidových novinách. Sympozium se uskutečnilo jako další z aktivit vzájemné spolupráce Akademie věd ČR se Senátem PČR., Emil Voráček., and Ebertova nadace v ČR a SR
The study concentrates on the analysis of “Operation 100”, which was drafted by the Communist Czech and Slovak State and party authorities in 1951 in the connection to the attempts for consolidation of the situation in Eastern Slovakia after dissolution the Greek Catholic Church. It was believed by the organisers that after the liquidation of the Greek Catholic Church (1950), the fusion of two Churches would také place very quickly and the believers would be transferred to the successor Orthodox Church. The reality of the years 1950–1951 was, however, different and the organisers needed to prevent a scandal. One of the solutions was a forced resettlement of all the priests (without reference to their age, health condition, or civil profession), who rejected to convert to the Orthodox Church. The “State Church office” in Prague in cooperation with their colleagues in the Bratislava branch drafted in mid-1951 a plan called “Operation 100”, on the basis of which the priests were supposed to be moved to the Czech lands, especially the border areas, with their families (originally about 100 priests). The aim was to incorporate them into Czech society as workers. The plan was implemented in 1951–1952. The study analyses the conditions, course of events and the aftermath of the resettlement and hints at the circumstances of the 1956/1962 revision of the persecution.
We recall the sixtieth anniversary of the communist putsch in Czechoslovakia. On 25 February, the Communist Party seized control of government of Czechoslovakia and its totalitarian regime was dominant until the Velvet Revolution in 1989. and Jiří Kocian.
The article deals withthe visit of the last Korean crown prince, Yi Ŭn (Gin Ri), and his Japanese spouse, Masako Ri (Yi Pangja), to Prague in December 1927. It is based on the so-far unknown sources of the Office of the President of the Republic (1927), Czech newspapers (October-December 1927), Korean internet sources and relevant works on Korean history. Their visit to Czechoslovakia was part of their extended visit to several European countries. In spite of its private character and the non-pursuit of diplomatic aims, the couple experienced a high level welcome. They were granted an audience with the Presiden of the Czechoslovak republic, T. G. Masaryk, during which they met the leading representatives of the Czechoslovak government and army (the minister of foreign affairs, E. Beneš, the promienent commanders of the Czechoslovak Legions in Siberia and Vladivostok in 1920). As part of the reception, Yi Ŭn was bestowed with the Order of the White Lion, the highest Czechoslovak award. The article provides a breif overview of Korean history from 1876 onwards and expalins the methods used by the Japanese to make the last Korean prince - the possible Korean emperor - their army officer., Zdenka Klöslová., and Obsahuje bibliografii