This study focuses on the research of watermarks contained in nine municipal registers of the feudal towns Boskovice and Letovice during the early modern age (more specifically the years 1484–1761). Seven books belong to Boskovice and two to Letovice; and they contain a total of 20 types of surviving watermarks. Besides their description, the study includes general comparison in the area of the watermarks' research, paper mill identification, a table with conlusions and an appendix with images.
This paper focuses on both Masaryk's theoretical concepts and practical endeavours to establish independent democratic sates in Central Europe after World War I. Masaryk's ideas developed from his theoretical knowledge, his knowledge of history, as well as from his political experience as a parliamentary deputy. At the centre lay his belief that the existence of nations as multilayered, integrated entities was an important condition for the development of democracy, provided that smaller nations were respected by larger ones and would be given sufficient space and autonomy to develop properly. The general acceptance of democratic and humanitarian values and principles would guarantee an end to the traditional expansionism of larger nations at the expense of the freedom, standards and dignity of smaller nations. Attention is also focused on Masaryk's extensive activities during the First World War regarding the independence of democratic states in Central Europe.
Presented article puts mind to the thinking of Raymond Aron (1905–1983). Author is focused on Aron's complexive method by joining sociology, history or philosophy of history for describing international relations in four decades of Cold War how it developped from 40's to 80's of 20th century. Aron's analyses are calling by himself as "history of presence". He described international political strategy from realistic theory of international relations. Aron studied the principles of cold war, relations between USA and USSR, nuclear armament, balance of power in bi-polar international relations, power strategic analysis and belligerent peace. He analysed international relations when the world-powers don't attack straightly and prefer conflicts in regions (sub-systems).
In addition to the analysis of written sources and the study of maps, another source of information on the historical visual character of towns is pictorial works, i.e., vedutas and, since the 19th century, photographs. Photographs and postcards capturing public spaces and buildings that no longer exist are essential for the purposes of historical topography. Studying and comparing these materials might contribute to reconstructing past roads and urban developments, locating buildings, and defining their visual aspects and purpose. Despite the fact that photographs are a relatively recent source, one of the pitfalls might be the dating of them.
Comics feature many topics – Homes or their absence are among those. No famous comic focuses on home only, many bring stories or subplots revealing the artists' view. In this contribution, those views are being analysed and compared, focussing on master narratives within and interpretations of the works. A selection of comics from Belgium and France has been made limiting the research field to two of the most active/innovative markets for comics. Three of the most important comic series are being analysed, covering a time between 1929 and the 1990es: Chlorophylle, Tintin and Sibylline.
The exile organization Opus Bonum has become more widely known by organizing the symposiums in the Bayern town Franken. Especially the first meeting in February 1978 became a milestone in the history of the association and one of the most important activities of exile after the Soviet occupation in 1968. On a common platform debated the representatives of so-called "winners" together with "losers" from February 1948, e.g. Zdeněk Mlynář and Pavel Tigrid The focus of the organization thus changed from the original cultural-religious one to a discussion meeting with a strong political accent. We will examine how and why this change occurred and how the new concept influenced Opus Bonum itself and also the Czech exile milieu in Western Europe.
Since the second half of the 18th century, generations of intellectuals and sponsors have laid foundations of the contemporary Moravian historiography. Although the founders came from various material and social conditions, they pursued one common objective: the economic, cultural and scientific advancement of Moravia. An excellent knowledge of the Moravian history was the device and key for these people to discover their own capabilities. Beside the well-known founders of the Moravian historiography, many small researchers, fallen into oblivion today, worked hard in different regions for the common idea. František Vilém Horký was one of such renowned regional historians. His life and work is a telling example of an intellectual who arose from the poorest social stratum. He was able to free himself from gloomy situation, and to guarantee a reasonable material standard to his family by his diligence and tenacity. In addition to that, he started copying historically valuable documents and he drew and described various memorabilities. Thus, he created a vast family collection which was later on used by his talented son for publishing historical works. Manuscripts conserved until today are documenting the width of interest of this small intellectual living between 1764 and 1825.