El personaje tipo del gracioso del teatro de Lope de Vega es uno de los personajes más estudiados del teatro de Siglo de Oro. No obstante, todavía no se ha prestado bastante atención a su función de consejero. Sus consejos a su amo, o a otros personajes nobles, no son solo una decoración cómica, sino que también influyen de manera esencial en la acción dramática, incluso en las tragedias. ¿Cómo puede un personaje de criado tener tanta importancia dramática en la era de mayor fortalecimiento de la monarquía absoluta? ¿Era Lope rebelde, como dicen algunos críticos, o conformista, como afirman otros? El libro ofrece respuestas a estas y otras preguntas relacionadas con la fascinante figura del donaire. ,The stock character of comic servant, the so called gracioso, from Lope de Vega’s drama, is one of the most studied characters of the Spanish Golden Age theatre. Until now, however, almost no attention has been paid to the fact that the gracioso is also an adviser to his master, or to other noble characters. His advice is not only a comic decoration, but often fundamentally affects the plot, even in tragedies. How is it possible that the character of servant gains such plot importance in the midst of a strong absolute monarchy? Was Lope a rebel, as some critics believe, or a conformist, as others claim? The book offers answers to these and other questions related to the fascinating character of gracioso. ,Typová postava komického sluhy, tzv. gracioso, jejíž podoba se ustálila v dramatické tvorbě Lopeho de Vegy, je jednou z nejzkoumanějších postav divadla španělského zlatého věku. Dosud byla ovšem jen malá pozornost věnována faktu, že gracioso zastává rovněž roli rádce svého pána i dalších postav z řad šlechty. Jeho rady přitom nejsou jen veselou komediální ozdobou, ale často také zásadně ovlivňují děj, a to i v tragicky laděných hrách. Jak je možné, že postava sluhy získává takovou dějovou důležitost uprostřed sílící absolutistické monarchie? Byl Lope rebel, jak se domnívají někteří kritici, nebo nenapravitelný konformista, jak tvrdí druzí? Odpovědi na tyto i další otázky související s fascinující postavou graciosa nabízí předkládaná publikace.
This study focuses on the early modern history of the monastic library of the Order of St Augustine at St Thomas in Prague. On the basis of archival sources (monastic chronicles, the catalogue of the members of the Order) and research into provenances in extant collections, this paper primarily aims to map the development of the Augustinian library in the 16th and 17th centuries. Provenance research has discovered that the monastic library was mainly used for monastic studies and for preaching and pastoral activities of the Augustinians. The research into book provenances has revealed numerous personal ties between the Lesser Town Augustinians and people at the court of Rudolph II. The results of the archival and provenance research have not confirmed the hypothesis of the complete looting of the library at the end of the Thirty Years’ War, but neither have they clearly proved the true extent of the losses suffered by the library. The research has shown the primary role of the library within the Order of St Augustine in the Czech lands and has indicated the position of the library in a broader social and cultural context., Veronika Sladká., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The book entitled "Assayer" published in 1623 was a controversial text about the theory of comets between Galileo and his opponent Horatio Grassi, the Jesuit mathematician. Galileo was an author of the original but false optical theory of comets while Grassi proposed a supra-lunar origin of comets supporting Tycho's opinion on comets and their motion. Unfortunately, Grassi's theory was based on a misunderstanding of how the telescope actually works., Vladimír Štefl., and Obsahuje bibliografii