In this paper we describe the use of modified passive capillary samplers (PCSs) to investigate the water isotope variability of snowmelt at selected sites in Slovenia during winter 2011/2012 and during winter 2012/2013. First, PCS with 3 fibreglass wicks covering approximately 1 m2 were tested to determine sample variability. We observed high variability in the amount of snowmelt water collected by individual wick (185 to 345 g) and in the isotope composition of oxygen (δ18O −10.43‰ to −9.02‰) and hydrogen (δ2H −70.5‰ to −63.6‰) of the collected water. Following the initial tests, a more detailed investigation was performed in winter 2012/2013 and the variability of snowmelt on the local scale among the different levels (i.e. within group, between the close and more distant groups of wicks) was investigated by applying 30 fibreglass wicks making use of Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and a balanced hierarchical sampling design. The amount of snowmelt water collected by an individual wick during the whole experiment was between 116 and 1705 g, while the isotope composition varied from −16.32‰ to −12.86‰ for δ18O and from −120.2‰ to −82.5‰ for δ2H. The main source of variance (80%) stems from the variability within the group of wicks (e.g. within group) while other sources contribute less than 20% of the variability. Amount weighted samples for the 2012–2013 season show no significant differences among groups, but significant differences for particular sampling events were observed. These investigations show that due to the variability within the group of wicks, a large number of wicks (> 5) are needed to sample snowmelt.
History textbooks are a specific phenomenon, which professional value is undeniable even in the times of massive influx of information. The reason for this statement is in their factual validity, which is usually absent in various, freely available sources. Naturally, this status is also bringing some danger. Political elites often use history to promote their own wishes by amalgam them with the historical narrative. This political dimension of textbooks was particularly characteristic in the states with an authoritative form of government. The great example of this reality are the Slovenian textbooks from 20th century. The presented paper analyses the representation of the term Yugoslavism in the Slovenian textbooks during the course of 20th century, emphasizing three examples of the use of this term for purposeful interpretation: defining the enemies, reminiscences of joyful past and unification of communism and nationalism. and Učebnice dejepisu sú špecifický fenomén, ktorého odborný význam je nespochybniteľný dokonca aj v dobe zaplavenej informáciami. Je to spôsobené najmä faktografickou validitou, ktorú by učebnica dejepisu mala poskytovať a ktorá u rôznych, voľne dostupných zdrojov absentuje. Prirodzene, toto postavenie učebného textu so sebou prináša aj riziko zneužitia. Politické elity často využívajú dejiny na presadzovanie vlastných želaní, ktoré majú retrospektívnym vložením do dejín nadobudnúť korektný charakter. Politický rozmer písania učebníc bol charakteristický najmä pre štáty s autoritatívnou formou vlády, súčasťou akých bolo v 20. storočí aj Slovinsko. Predkladaný príspevok analyzuje reprezentovanie termínu juhoslavizmu v slovinských učebniciach dejepisu v priebehu 20. storočia, pričom kladie dôraz na tri konkrétne príklady využitia tohto termínu na účelovú interpretáciu: vymedzenie voči nepriateľským národom, reminiscencie radostnej juhoslovanskej minulosti a písanie triednych dejín národnými prostriedkami.