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Start Over Creator Suchánek, Pavel

2. Neoklasicistní dekorativní umění ve střední Evropě v éře Marie Terezie a Josefa II: transkulturalita, nebo kulturní reprodukce?

Creator:
Suchánek, Pavel and Valeš, Tomáš
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Winterhalder, Josef, 1743-1807, Schweigl, Andreas, dekorativní umění, design, neoklasicismus (umění), neoclassicism (art), decorative arts, Morava (Česko), Vídeň (Rakousko), Moravia (Czechia), Vienna (Austria), umělecká akademie, art academy, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
This paper considers forms of cultural transfer in decorative design in Central Europe in the second half of the 18th century, focussing on works that combine aspects of both free creative art and artisan craftsmanship. Based on a detailed analysis of a number of works (or parts thereof), the authors show that trends in decoration that had hitherto been broadly interpreted as a somewhat uninventive adoption of fashionable French graphic pattern-books and picture albums in the "goût grec" style (Jean-François de Neufforge, Jean-Charles Delafosse et al.) in fact represented an innovative quest for an original modern synthesis taking its inspiration from classical Roman art (Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Giocondo Albertolli, Carlo Antonini) and developing ideas emerging from the recently introduced teaching of artistic design at the Vienna Academy and from circles close to the imperial court (Johann Baptist Hagenauer, Ignaz Josef Würth et al.). The whole phenomenon in considered within the wider context of official cultural policy at the time of Maria Teresa’s and Joseph II’s economic and administrative reforms and is interpreted as one of a number of processes and strategies which, for various reasons, led to a reduction in transcultural transfer. Decorative design in Central Europe in the latter half of the 18th century thus paid more than lip-service to the ideal of universal culture in the sense of transculturality, interpreting it in a specifically local, middle-European and to some extent "nationalized" way - and, from a historical perspective, with extraordinary success., Pavel Suchánek a Tomáš Valeš., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

3. Organisationswandel bei den bürgerlichen Brünner Künstlern im 18. Jahrhundert

Creator:
Suchánek, Pavel and Ostmeyer, Jürgen
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Brotherhood of St Lucas, artists, guilds, academies, economic reforms, Brno, Moravia, 18th century, St. Lukas-Bruderschaft, Künstler, Zünfte, Akademie, Wirtschaftsreformen, Brünn, Mähren, and 18. Jahrhundert
Language:
Czech
Description:
The article analyzes set of normative sources which regulated the exercise of the profession of painters and sculptors in Brno in the 18th century (guilds’ statutes, government’s decrees, civic regulations, judicial sources etc.). The study interprets the decline of the artists’ guild organization in Brno in the 1750s in a wider perspective of economic and administrative reforms in the Habsburg monarchy. These reforms were marked by several particular initiatives made by the artist’s corporation in Brno, who came up with own unsuccessful proposals of various changes of the traditional city’s guild system. The study states that such initiatives should not be explained simply as symptoms of a changing urban society in Central Europe during the Enlightenment era, or as a consequence of the dynamics of proto-industrialization and the establishment of new economic as well educational institutions, but also as a result of the new product market and the demand shifted towards less expensive and more fashionable goods.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

4. Osvícenská vizualita jako proces šíření vědění?

Creator:
Suchánek, Pavel
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Czech Lands, 18th century, Enlightenment, visual culture, artists, academies, expertise, and art criticism
Language:
Czech
Description:
A number of art historians have noted how in around 1800 the social function of the visual arts in the Czech Lands fundamentally changed and a new ideal of bourgeois vizuality emerged. At the same time, visual culture in the Age of Enlightenment came to be seen as a ‘movement of knowledge’ through different cultural spheres. Reacting to the discussion of Daniela Tinková’s view of the Enlightenment as a process of spreading and democratizing knowledge and extending information networks, the present text develops these ideas and considers other ways in which art in the Czech Lands during the Enlightenment could be conceptualized. We point out that new centres of culture and broad-based social penetration brought not only changes in the way information on the visual arts was disseminated, but a new situation in which the exchange of knowledge across a variety of social and educational fields was no longer restricted to the hitherto clearly defined professions that had established the prevailing terminology and methodology in their own domains. For example, professional artists might now explore all sorts of fields of knowledge, while traditional humanistic art-theoretical discourse began to attract not only dilettante ‘amateurs’ but also a new class of professional art experts and critics with no formal artistic training. and The study of art thus became an independent branch of knowledge, a component of education, a source of cultural and historical memory, and a badge of patriotism and personal identity. A similar shift can be observed in modes of visual perception, which in the Enlightenment were moulded by an endeavour to extend the traditional range of art consumers and recipients by means of aesthetically oriented education and training. There was also a clear attempt to fulfil the ideal of public art based on modern criteria of ‘taste’, aimed at eliminating persisting social barriers and the cultural monopoly of established aristocratic elites and creating a template for a bourgeois visual culture (sensibility, reappraisal of hierarchy of genres, instruction in drawing, growth of graphic art, etc.). This movement of knowledge also made it far easier for recipients to find their bearings in the art market (exhibitions, reviews, advertisements) by providing them with criteria for judging the quality of artworks and, more generally, promoting the visuality of the dawning industrial age (public access to art collections, industrial exhibitions, the first museums, etc.), and hence to a hitherto unseen extent opening up the world of visual art to the wider public.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

6. Umělecké vzdělávání a idea umělce na přelomu 18. a 19. století v díle Ondřeje Schweigla, Ignáce Chambreze a Josefa Heřmana Agapita Gallaše

Creator:
Suchánek, Pavel
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Gallaš, Josef Heřman Agapit, 1756-1840, Chambrez, Ignác, 1758-1842, Schweigl, Andreas, umělecké vzdělávání, akademie věd a umění, art education, academies of science, Vídeň (Rakousko), Morava (Česko), Vienna (Austria), Moravia (Czechia), statut umělce, invence / génius, artist's status, inventiveness / genius, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
The article considers the writings of the sculptor Andreas Schweigl (1735-1812) and the painters Ignaz Chambrez (1758-1842) and Josef Heřman Agapit Gallaš (1756-1840). Around the year 1800, these three Moravian artists recorded their thoughts and insights in a number of texts that variously combined the traditional literary genre of artist’s biography with artistic topography, art criticism and a historical interpretation of early Moravian art and culture. Since all three were in some way connected with the new system of art education, the aim of this study is to examine whether and in what way standardized education affected not only their professional careers, but also their thinking. For all three, that thinking was rooted in a historical interpretation of the early art and culture of Moravia. All three discuss the function of art, artistic ideals, and to some extent the concept of the creative genius, as well as reflecting, directly or indirectly, on the theme of decadence as one stage in the cyclical view of history, in line with the paradigm of the age. The author sets out to compare their texts and in general terms show 1) how artists themselves viewed the importance of art education at the end of the 18 century; 2) how they responded to the changing role of the artist in society; and 3) how they defined artistic ideals and the artist’s social purpose. It is the wider implications of these changes in the artist’s social status, and in the function of art in Moravia and Central Europe generally, that form the primary focus of this study., Pavel Suchánek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public